No description available.

No description available.

The central problem of this dissertation is the acculturation of Barbadian agriculture laborers who seasonally work in Canada. Several years ago, the author became aware of the squalid conditions in which Barbadian migrants worked. As he formed his opinion of Canada's rural slums or field ghettos he increasingly became concerned with what these rural slums meant to the migrants.This interest lead to a focus on acculturation processes and a very careful study of the Barbadian value system and how those values were related to the life style Barbadians could pursue by continuing to work in Canada. Acculturation was examined within the contexts of culture, social structure, and personality. Social structure refers to patterns of group formation and factors responsible for such patterns. Culture refers to values and ideas held by people, while personality is conceived in terms of the emotional and psychic processes of individual persons. Acculturation is frequently viewed as a process which occurs when two or more previously separated cultures come into a patterned form of contact to a degree sufficient to produce significant changes in either or both societies. In this study acculturation was utilized in a somewhat different sense, since the author looked at a situation where a selected group of Barbadian agriculture workers had sporadic but patterned and ongoing contact as a consequence of seasonal labor migration. With respect to this study acculturation means the acceptance and internalization by the migrant worker of a set of Canadian beliefs and values and thus the modification of the migrants' customary behavior.This customary behavior is based upon five dominant and traditional Barbadian male values which include having and caring for a wife and family, keeping girl friends, owning the land on which his house is situated, owning the house and working. The degree to which Barbadian workers internalize specific Canadian values, primarily the work ethic, was analyzed in relation to these Barbadian values.This was accomplished by conducting intensive interviews in Canada and in Barbados with fifteen Barbadian agriculture workers. Through questionnaires and by participant observation, cultural data and personality data were collected. These data fell into several classes such as biographies, genealogies, household family information, aspiration levels, attitudes towards sexuality, religion, the work ethic, world leaders, entertainers, music, work skills, philosophy of man and conceptions of present and ultimate success.The author demonstrated through two analytical perspectives, namely a systems explanation and an actor oriented explanation that two models of acculturation emerge for Bajan agriculture workers who seasonally are employed in Canada. One group of migrants shows a significant degree of acculturation. These individuals have internalized the Canadian work ethic; rejected the major traditional Bajan values concerning women; have few dependents and these dependents require a minimal demand on resource allocation; become decision makers since they hold a high social position and are culturally and structurally flexible; play a nonkin and universalistic role in life; and develop into entrepreneurs.The other migrants in the author's opinion show little acculturation. These individuals have rejected the Canadian work ethic; adhered to the traditional male value system; have many dependents and these dependents require a maximum demand on resource allocation; are structured since they hold a high social position and are culturally and structurally inflexible; play a kin-oriented and particularistic role in life; and remain employees.

No description available.

Dr. John K. Friesen is a Canadian who, for over 50 years worked first in the field of adult education in Canada and then in population planning internationally. He gained prominence in his own country, considerable international stature and a reputation for his vision and capability. Friesen successfully used a democratic, cooperative approach in discovering and responding to community requirements in adult learning. This biographical study provides new material about his character, goals, influences. The thesis focuses on Friesen’s work as Director of Extension for the University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada (1953 - 1966) but also outlines his life and career before this term and gives a synopsis of his international work. A brief description is given of Friesen’s upbringing in a small rural community in Manitoba, his experiences as an educator and leader during the great depression and of his war service in the RCAF. His work in organizing adult education programs for the Manitoba Federation of Agriculture and his life during post-graduate studies at Columbia University are described. He was involved in the cooperative movement and provided informed, effective leadership in Manitoba’s post-war efforts to renew its educational system and to develop a network of hospitals. The thesis examines Friesen’s commitments, methods and the management style he applied in expanding the UBC Extension Department into a sophisticated organization. Under his leadership the department became influential in adult education, leadership and citizenship training in British Columbia; also it was involved in international adult education work. Research was conducted into the work of Friesen and others in originating a graduate program in adult education at UBC. The nature and outcomes of his work in promoting continuing professional education is also examined. The role of Extension in the Vancouver International Festival and other cultural development work is discussed. Friesen is shown to have extended the work of the University into communities throughout the province using study-discussion groups, lectures, credit and noncredit programs in this work. A change in University policy (1963) forced the Department to abandon much of its community based work; the consequences of this shift are considered. Comment from seven of Friesen’s senior colleagues provides insight into his leadership quality and the perceived value of the work carried out during his term. Some conclusions are drawn about Friesen’s life as an educator and humanitarian and on his approach to adult education. The ideas, ideals, commitments and convictions demonstrated by Friesen remain valid today.

Dr. John K. Friesen is a Canadian who, for over 50 years worked first in the field of adult education in Canada and then in population planning internationally. He gained prominence in his own country, considerable international stature and a reputation for his vision and capability. Friesen successfully used a democratic, cooperative approach in discovering and responding to community requirements in adult learning. This biographical study provides new material about his character, goals, influences. The thesis focuses on Friesen’s work as Director of Extension for the University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada (1953 - 1966) but also outlines his life and career before this term and gives a synopsis of his international work. A brief description is given of Friesen’s upbringing in a small rural community in Manitoba, his experiences as an educator and leader during the great depression and of his war service in the RCAF. His work in organizing adult education programs for the Manitoba Federation of Agriculture and his life during post-graduate studies at Columbia University are described. He was involved in the cooperative movement and provided informed, effective leadership in Manitoba’s post-war efforts to renew its educational system and to develop a network of hospitals. The thesis examines Friesen’s commitments, methods and the management style he applied in expanding the UBC Extension Department into a sophisticated organization. Under his leadership the department became influential in adult education, leadership and citizenship training in British Columbia; also it was involved in international adult education work. Research was conducted into the work of Friesen and others in originating a graduate program in adult education at UBC. The nature and outcomes of his work in promoting continuing professional education is also examined. The role of Extension in the Vancouver International Festival and other cultural development work is discussed. Friesen is shown to have extended the work of the University into communities throughout the province using study-discussion groups, lectures, credit and noncredit programs in this work. A change in University policy (1963) forced the Department to abandon much of its community based work; the consequences of this shift are considered. Comment from seven of Friesen’s senior colleagues provides insight into his leadership quality and the perceived value of the work carried out during his term. Some conclusions are drawn about Friesen’s life as an educator and humanitarian and on his approach to adult education. The ideas, ideals, commitments and convictions demonstrated by Friesen remain valid today. / Education, Faculty of / Educational Studies (EDST), Department of / Graduate