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Summary in English. / When considering their dropout, many described experiences of being a misfit, or feeling uncomfortable with discourse practices in which they were expected to engage. Some had logistical difficulties in attending, such as transport or small children, but even greater than these was the fact that they had been disappointed. These learners believe the "literacy myth" that literacy, as a set of skills one can acquire, will result in significant improvements in one's life. They also equate literacy with education, and although they experience none of the benefits that are supposed to accrue to the literate, they continue to say that they believe in its power. However, in practice, attendance at adult centres is relatively poor in comparison with numbers of potential students, those termed "illiterate." It may be deduced that adult "illiterates" regard literacy as some kind of "saviour", a panacea for all ills. Even if it is not directly accessed, the fact of its existence and the notion of its power is enough to provide hope for a better future and comfort in hard times.

CAPES / O presente trabalho se caracteriza como uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa e tem como objetivo principal analisar aspectos da implementação, andamento e atualidade do PROEJA (Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional com a Educação Básica na Modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos), em um Centro Estadual de Educação Profissional, com vistas a descobrir o porquê do insucesso do referido Programa nesta instituição, mais especificamente sobre as causas do abandono escolar e, também, as causas da própria persistência e/ou permanência no curso por parte dos remanescentes. Assim, pois, em termos de metodologia, resumidamente, nos utilizamos de um método de análise das ciências sociais – o método dialético – e, por utilizá-lo, procedemos nosso estudo com base em um quadro de referência teórica que toma o materialismo histórico como ponto basilar. Para tanto, como procedimentos metodológicos, utilizamos as pesquisas documental, bibliográfica e empírica – questionários e entrevistas. O questionário foi aplicado aos alunos remanescentes e aos docentes do PROEJA, já as entrevistas foram realizadas com o universo total dos alunos evadidos e com a gestão da instituição. Entre outras considerações, fixa-se a urgência de definir e realizar políticas públicas perenes que promovam melhores condições de oferta e de permanência aos alunos, ampliando e garantindo a qualidade de um processo educacional significativo. Paradoxalmente, podemos concluir que há certas distorções – ideal e concreta – entre o que o documento institucional almeja e define como perfil profissional do concluinte do curso, em detrimento do que os alunos pensam sobre sua formação, mais especificamente sobre estar ou não preparados para assumir funções e/ou tarefas específicas da área de atuação do curso. As causas da evasão são as mais diversas. Podemos enfatizar que os processos excludentes tomam ramificações distintas e todos eles fazem com que o aluno não permaneça no espaço escolar, seja pela necessidade de trabalhar, de cuidar da família ou de satisfazer seus desejos. Logo, a falta de condições de transporte, os compromissos com a família e com o trabalho, a localização da instituição e a falta de opções de cursos de qualidade próximos de suas residências também se mostram como pontos que levaram ao desinteresse e, em consequência disso, ao abandono. / This work consists of a qualitative and quantitative research and aims to analyze the main aspects of the implementation, progress and the PROEJA (The Program of Professional Education Integrated with Basic Education on the Modality of Youth and Adult Education) present condition, in a Professional Education State Center, in order to discover why the Program failure is specifically caused by school leaving and, also, the causes of persistence among the remaining students. Briefly, the methodological approach used as basis of analysis method from social sciences – the dialectical method – gives a theoretical reference thru the historical materialism. The methodological procedures executed include documentary research, bibliographical and empirical (questionnaires and interviews). The applied questionnaire was focused on PROEJA teachers and remaining students, while interviews were carried out with the full universe of students, including leavers, and the principals. Among other considerations, we set the urgency to define and implement public policies that promote best supply conditions and students' permanence, expanding and ensuring educational quality for the warranty of a significant process. As a paradox, we noticed certain distortions - ideal and concrete - what predicts and defines the institutional document as the professional profile for the students that end the course, rather than what the students think about their educational path, more specifically on whether or not feeling prepared to assume the roles or specific tasks in the working area. The evasion causes are possibly the most diverse. We emphasize that exclusionary processes gain different reasons and all of them provoke school leaving, if they must work, take care of the family or to satisfy their own needs. Therefore, the lack of help for transport, their commitments to family and work, the location of the institution, normally are near their homes but have only few options of courses that should provide quality education , may lead to their disinterest and, consequently, early school leaving.