QC 351 A7 no. 60 / The atmospheric transmission and airlight in three spectral bands as a function of an angle off nadir were calculated from radiometric measurements with cameras and film for a particular solar irradiance and atmosphere; the sun zenith angle was 49 °, the airpaths were from 15,000 ft m.s.l. to the surface at 1,900 ft on a clear day in Tucson, Arizona, and the azimuth was into the sun. The three spectral bands had peak transmissions at 430 nm (blue), 530 nm (green), and 800 nm (infrared). The statistics derived from numerous measurements show that a standard deviation of 2% can be attained in the relative radiances read out of multiband photography obtained with calibrated cameras and processed with carefully controlled sensitometry. In the blue and green bands, the atmospheric effect on contrast as a function of an angle off nadir became statistically noticeable at about 35° and 50 °, respectively. The standard deviations of the relative radiances measured in the blue and green bands were 3% and 2 %, respectively. The effect in the infrared band probably became significant at even larger angles; greater inaccuracy in the infrared band data precludes a more definitive statement. Also presented is a solution for an optimum ratio of playback lamp luminances for false color recombinations in two bands.

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Thesis--Wisconsin. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-157).

Thesis (M.S.) - University of Delaware. / Includes bibliography.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1987. / Typescript. Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 148-157).

Thesis (M. Sc.)--Syracuse University, 1939. / Bibliography: p. 43.

Two introductory chapters have been used to give the necessary background to the main subject-matter of the thesis. The first of these chronologizes the significant steps in the development of aerial photographic interpretation from the first recorded aerial photograph to the present day respected position of the art in both military and civilian professional circles. The second introductory chapter deals with the fundamental principles involved in airphoto interpretation and of their specific application to soil engineering mapping for road projects in Southern Africa. This is followed by the major theme of the thesis, which concerns the direct location by aerial photographic interpretation of the various classes of material used in the construction of a modern day road. Although aerial photographs have been employed in recent years for direct interpretation and interpolation of certain specific road building materials, their use in this manner has been limited to a few special cases. This thesis sets out to show that under certain conditions, which pertain in many regions of the world, airphoto interpretation can be used for the direct location of 1materials possessing particular engineering characteristics. Further, it sets out to show, that this can be done for the full range of engineering properties required of materials for all the significant layers of construction, despite the fact that the materials involved may be of widely differing composition and geological origin. The actual interpretation is based on the fundamental recognition of the elements of form, tone, and texture making up the total photographic pattern. Similar features reflected on photographs are shown to be comprised of similar materials, not merely geologically speaking, but more especially in respect of their significant engineering characteristics; it is still further demonstrated that this is applicable even when such features are situated some considerable distance apart. Variations of notable engineering importance within one and the same geological occurrence, are also shown to be identifiable on the aerial photographs. For major road projects in areas subjected to certain environmental conditions, these possibilities form the basis of a new prospecting technique, which incorporates the full use of the science or art of interpretation. The basic concept governing the applicability of this technique and the steps necessary to ensure the development of the full potential of aerial photography in its application, are discussed and illustrated by detailed accounts of a number of specific projects. These projects incorporate both materials appraisals of wide strips of country for route location purposes and intensive prospecting along chosen routes. The techniques thus developed, constitute a new approach to materials investigations for major road projects and in this respect contribute to knowledge in this field. Finally, conclusions are drawn on the relative merits of materials investigation methods in current use in South West Africa and on how these methods affect the different organisations involved in the planning and construction of major road projects. The use made of airphoto interpretation for similar engineering works in other countries, as well as the possible future scope for the application of the particular method of materials investigation described in this thesis, are also covered.