Background Exploring the literature of ambidexterity, innovation, decision making as well as exploration and exploitation. Aim The purpose is to explore how sequential and contextual ambidexterity influences decision making within an organization. Methodology The study entails a qualitative single case study in the aeronautics and defense industry, where ten semi-structured interviews have been conducted. The findings are mainly based on the insights collected from the interviews. Findings Through the case it is found that ambidexterity influences decision making and decision making influences ambidexterity. By analyzing the different forms of ambidexterity, it is found that sequential ambidexterity has an impact on decision making. Decision making in turn then influences contextual ambidexterity. Concepts A conceptual framework has been created to explain the identified relationship between ambidexterity and decision making.