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台灣地區地小人稠，土地使用情況複雜，因此，土地管理為一重要課題。航攝資料具高空間解析力及幾何真實性之特性，若能快速取得，則有助於長期環境監測與土地永續利用。有鑑於此，本研究以機動性高之直昇機為載具，配合9cm焦距之攝影機，採用11.5cm ×11.5cm像幅之彩色正片，航空拍攝實驗區，並於拍攝前佈設空照標，且利用全球定位系統測定地面控制點。 本研究目的在探討小像幅數值影像於重建方位過程中，攝影條件之特性及地面控制之成果，此外，利用解析測圖儀與影像工作站不同量測方法對於空中三角精度影響，結果顯示小像幅亦可完成數值空中三角測量。數位法X、Y、Z方向之RMSE為0.097 m、0.090 m、0.161 m，解析法之RMSE為0.132 m、0.120 m、0.144 m。 / The objective of this thesis has been to investigate the feasibility of digital aerotriangulation using small format photos. A focal length of 9mm camera mounted on a helicopter with format of 11.5cm by 11.5cm color positives have been used for taking pictures of the research area. The premarked ground control points were surveyed by GPS. Photo control was executed using a Leica BC3 analytical plotter and an Intergraph ImageStation respectively. The coordinates measurements of photo points using the two instruments have been evaluated. Both of interior and exterior parameters computed from digital triangulation and digitized photos have been used to produce the orthoimage. The resultant orthoimage was then superimposed and compared with the existing 1/1000 digital map. The results have indicated that: 1. The RMSE of digital method were X = 0.097m, Y = 0.090m, Z = 0.161m; the RMSE of analytical method were X = 0.132m, Y = 0.120m, Z = 0.144m; 2. Digital aerotriangulation could be performed using small format photos.

In the elaboration of maps, one of the processes broadly employed is the photogrametric restitution. But for accomplishment of this process it becomes necessary to have, on each stereoscopic pair, terrestrial coordinates of points. However, not always it is possible to measure these coordinates in the field, it is fallen back upon a photogrammetric method of mensuration, known as Aerotriangulation. In this work Aerotriangulation process was realized using specialist software. The photographic coordinates were measured on photograms with cordboard base in a digitalizer table in substitution to the classic photogrammetry equipments. With the obtained results it was made an errors analysis with the objective of verifying the application of the method in the making of cartographic bases. The block aerotriangulation presented higher planimetric precision if compared with the strip aerotriangulation. Of the block aerotriangulations, the method with nine support points being framed in the elaboration of maps of "A ", B " and " C " class for scale 1:25.000 or lower, presented highest error / Na elaboração de mapas e cartas geográficas, um dos processos largamente empregados é o da restituição fotogramétrica. Mas, para realização deste processo, torna-se necessário possuir, sobre cada par estereoscópico, coordenadas terrestres de pontos. Como nem sempre é possível efetuar a mensuração destas coordenadas no campo, recorre-se a um método fotogramétrico de mensurações conhecido como Aerotriangulação. Neste trabalho realizou-se o processo de Aerotriangulação utilizando-se um software especialista. As coordenadas fotográficas foram medidas sobre fotogramas, com base de papelão, em uma mesa digitalizadora, em substituição aos equipamentos clássicos de Fotogrametria. Com os resultados obtidos fez-se análise de erros com o objetivo de averiguar a aplicação do método na confecção de bases cartográficas. Apresentou maior precisão planimétrica a aerotriangulação em bloco quando comparada com a aerotriangulação por faixa. Das aerotriangulações em bloco, a que apresentou maior erro foi no método com 9 pontos de apoio, enquadrando-se na elaboração de cartas de classe A , B e C para escala igual a 1:25.000 ou menores.