<p>This dissertation explores the meaning of art and religion in fin-de-siècle Vienna through the symphonies of the composer Gustav Mahler (1860-1911) and the philosophical and dramatic works of the poet Siegfried Lipiner (1856-1911). Using as a framework aesthetic discourses concerning the ability of music to be "read" as a narrative text, this study highlights the significant role of both poet and composer in the cultural and intellectual world of Vienna at the end of the nineteenth century. In this study, I compare and contrast Lipiner's vision of religious renewal with the redemptive narratives in the programs of Mahler's first four symphonies, which were composed during a period when the poet and composer shared a close friendship and intellectual exchange. Furthermore, I also discuss Mahler and Lipiner's works in relation to the writings of the Polish Romantic poet, Adam Mickiewicz (1798-1835), the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900), and the composer and cultural critic, Richard Wagner (1813-1883), demonstrating how the images of the heroic martyr, the Übermensch and the Volk, play a role in the re-conception of man's relationship to the divine, which is central to Mahler and Lipiner's idea of redemption. However, I also claim that the political and cultural climate of Vienna around 1900 played an important role in their interpretation of these ideas. Despite their public conversion and cultural assimilation, Mahler and Lipiner's Jewish heritage distinctly shaped their interest in artistic-religious redemption both to cope with their own personal feelings of alienation in the society in which they lived, and as a cure for the existential malaise of their time. This study demonstrates not only the significant impact of Lipiner's aesthetic-religious philosophy on Mahler's music, but also portrays their vision of redemption as an re-envisioning of man's relationship to God, which stands in contrast to the modern trend of secularism, and reflects a little-explored dimension of aesthetic and religious culture in fin-de-siècle Vienna.</p> / Dissertation

Esta pesquisa, inserida na linha de pesquisa Historia, Filosofia e Ensino de Evolucao e Ecologia, trata sobre a Estetica, procurando verificar as possiveis contribuicoes desse referencial teorico para o estudo do meio em Biologia, nomeadamente para aulas de campo voltadas para o Ensino Superior em cursos de Ciencias Biologicas. A Estetica descrita por Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), nao limita-se somente ao entendimento da Estetica como uma ciencia do belo. A Estetica peirceana possui um carater mais abrangente, que reside na essencia de qualquer objeto apreendido pela experiencia; o admiravel que desperta a atencao, seja o objeto considerado belo ou nao pelas convencoes. Nas ideias de Aldo Leopold (1887-1948), que tratam de uma Estetica voltada para a conservacao dos seres vivos, verifica-se um dialogo com a Teoria de Peirce por meio das cinco categorias da Estetica da Conservacao: os trofeus, o isolamento na natureza, ar livre e mudanca de panorama, percepcao e sentido da administracao cuidadosa. Considerando essas categorias, foi proposta uma sequencia didatica tendo a trilha realizada pelo naturalista Auguste de Saint-Hilaire (1779-1853) na Serra da Canastra (MG) como eixo norteador. A proposta com abordagem interdisciplinar favorece o desenvolvimento das aulas de campo a partir de elementos filosoficos e historicos, permitindo que os alunos revisitem os ambientes descritos por Saint-Hilaire de maneira mais motivadora e contextualizada / This proposal is inserted in the research line \"History, Theory and Teaching of Comparative Biology\" and will work with Aesthetics seeking to verify the possible contributions of this theoretical reference for the study of the environment in Biology, particularly in field classes focused on Higher Education in Biology Graduation. The Aesthetics, described by Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), is not limited to a science of the beautiful. Aesthetics has a more comprehensive character and resides in the essence of any object apprehended in our experience that arouses our attention, be it considered beautiful or not by the conventions. It it something that we consider \"admirable\". We found in the ideas of Aldo Leopold (1887-1948), that deals with an Aesthetics focused on the conservation of living beings, a dialogue with Peirce\'s Theory. Leopold (1949) proposes five categories of Conservation Aesthetics: trophy, isolation, change of scene, perception and husbandry. Based on these categories it was proposed a Didactic Sequence having the trail made by the naturalist Auguste de Saint- Hilaire (1779-1853) in Serra da Canastra as a background. We chose to adopt an interdisciplinary approach, and while the students revisit the points visited by Saint- Hilaire, field classes are developed with the aim of investigating the environment as the naturalist himself did

Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-18T13:27:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 26 / Embora a PNH indique a inserção de diretrizes humanísticas na formação do profissional de saúde, a sua presença no ensino superior ainda é muito tímida. Ainda que essencial para a boa prática médica, para muitos professores e alunos as disciplinas de humanidades são tidas como desinteressantes. Ela é abordada de forma superficial e os alunos desconhecem a abrangência significativa nas práticas de saúde. Durante muito tempo, a proximidade com o paciente era quase um imperativo para a prática da medicina. Com as mudanças culturais e sociais ocorridas ao longo do tempo houve uma transformação na medicina e prática da saúde que levaram, hoje, à discussão da necessidade de humanização na saúde. A humanização busca nas ações humanizadoras a recuperação, não somente da saúde física, mas principalmente do respeito, do direito, da generosidade, da expressão subjetiva e dos desejos das pessoas. A Humanização na saúde foi fundada no respeito à vulnerabilidade humana e na crença de que a relação do profissional e paciente está sempre sujeita a emoções que devem ser guiadas pelo sentimento de compromisso e compaixão que é indispensável no cuidar do outro. No entanto, sem a capacidade de sentir é impossível ter a capacidade de cuidar. Portanto a formação da sensibilidade é a necessidade mais importante e fundamental para o desenvolvimento de uma formação humanizadora. A presente pesquisa submetida e aprovada ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de São Paulo sob Nº 48419915.3.0000.5505 e contando com 13 colaboradores profissionais da área da saúde objetivou investigar de que forma a experiência estética e reflexiva da natureza, própria das Humanidades, pode contribuir para a humanização em saúde. A pesquisa foi aplicada no Solo Sagrado de Guarapiranga, espaço pertencente à Igreja Messianica Mundial do Brasil. Para coleta dos dados, usamos técnicas advindas tanto da antropologia, no caso a observação participante como da História Oral de Vida, além de relatos redigidos pelos participantes após o termino de cada encontro. Combinando, observação participante, relatos da experiência e história oral de vida, foi possível uma visão mais ampla da experiência. A análise dos dados aconteceu à luz da Imersão/Cristalização proposta por Borkan (1999) e muito utilizada em pesquisas etnográficas. Observando as imagens que emergiram das falas, pôde-se perceber a caracterização de três grandes temas: a emoção, o impacto do primeiro momento, do primeiro contato com o Solo Sagrado; a reflexão que este impacto provoca e que leva a um despertar de si mesmos e também a uma nova consciência do outro e, finalmente, num terceiro nível, a mudança na maneira de ver o mundo lá fora. Através dos resultados obtidos podemos acreditar que a experiência estética da natureza realizada no Solo Sagrado de Guarapiranga é potencialmente humanizadora. Ela causa um afeto profundo e transformador, típico de uma “ampliação da esfera do ser”, conscientiza os participantes, principalmente no que diz respeito à suas próprias vidas, o levam a um encontrar ou, reencontrar, consigo mesmo, gerando conforme relatos, paz e equilíbrio. Desta forma estando bem consigo mesmo (utilizando a fala de um colaborador) transmitimos o bem ao nosso próximo e é possível olhar e cuidar de outras pessoas, o que para a área da saúde é fundamental. Como produto desta pesquisa desenvolvemos e apresentamos um Laboratório de Humanidades a partir da Experiência Estética da Natureza. / Although the PNH indicates the insertion of humanistic guidelines in the training of the health professional, its presence in higher education is still very timid. Although essential for good medical practice, for many teachers and students the humanities disciplines are regarded as uninteresting. It is covered superficially and students are unaware of the significant breadth of health practices. For a long time, proximity to the patient was almost imperative for the practice of medicine. With the cultural and social changes that have occurred over time, there has been a transformation in medicine and health practice that has led to the discussion of the need for humanization in health. Humanization seeks in the humanizing actions the recovery, not only of physical health, but mainly of respect, right, generosity, subjective expression and the desires of the people. Humanization in health was founded on respect for human vulnerability and on the belief that the relationship of the professional and patient is always subject to emotions that must be guided by the feeling of commitment and compassion that is indispensable in caring for the other. However, without the ability to feel it is impossible to have the ability to care. Therefore the formation of sensitivity is the most important and fundamental need for the development of humanizing training. The present research submitted and approved to the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of São Paulo under No. 48419915.3.0000.5505 and counting on 13 professional health professionals aimed to investigate how the aesthetic and reflective experience of nature, Can contribute to humanization in health. The research was applied in the Sacred Ground of Guarapiranga, a space belonging to the World Messianic Church of Brazil. In order to collect the data, we used techniques from both anthropology, in this case participant observation and Oral History of Life, as well as reports written by participants after the end of each meeting. By combining, participant observation, experience reports and oral history of life, a broader view of the experience was possible The analysis of the data happened in the light of the Immersion / Crystallization proposed by Borkan (1999) and much used in ethnographic researches. Observing the images that emerged from the speeches, one could perceive the characterization of three great themes: the emotion, the impact of the first moment, the first contact with the Sacred Ground; The reflection that this impact causes and that leads to an awakening of themselves and also to a new awareness of the other, and finally, on a third level, the change in the way of seeing the world out there. Through the obtained results we can believe that the aesthetic experience of the nature realized in the Sacred Ground of Guarapiranga is potentially humanizing. It causes a profound and transforming affection, typical of an "enlargement of the sphere of being," makes the participants aware, especially in regard to their own lives, lead to a find or to find, generating according to reports, peace and balance. In this way, being good with oneself (using a collaborator's speech) we transmit the good to our neighbor and it is possible to look and care for other people, which for the health area is fundamental. As a product of this research we have developed and presented a Laboratory of Humanities based on the Aesthetic Experience of Nature.

Esta pesquisa, inserida na linha de pesquisa Historia, Filosofia e Ensino de Evolucao e Ecologia, trata sobre a Estetica, procurando verificar as possiveis contribuicoes desse referencial teorico para o estudo do meio em Biologia, nomeadamente para aulas de campo voltadas para o Ensino Superior em cursos de Ciencias Biologicas. A Estetica descrita por Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), nao limita-se somente ao entendimento da Estetica como uma ciencia do belo. A Estetica peirceana possui um carater mais abrangente, que reside na essencia de qualquer objeto apreendido pela experiencia; o admiravel que desperta a atencao, seja o objeto considerado belo ou nao pelas convencoes. Nas ideias de Aldo Leopold (1887-1948), que tratam de uma Estetica voltada para a conservacao dos seres vivos, verifica-se um dialogo com a Teoria de Peirce por meio das cinco categorias da Estetica da Conservacao: os trofeus, o isolamento na natureza, ar livre e mudanca de panorama, percepcao e sentido da administracao cuidadosa. Considerando essas categorias, foi proposta uma sequencia didatica tendo a trilha realizada pelo naturalista Auguste de Saint-Hilaire (1779-1853) na Serra da Canastra (MG) como eixo norteador. A proposta com abordagem interdisciplinar favorece o desenvolvimento das aulas de campo a partir de elementos filosoficos e historicos, permitindo que os alunos revisitem os ambientes descritos por Saint-Hilaire de maneira mais motivadora e contextualizada / This proposal is inserted in the research line \"History, Theory and Teaching of Comparative Biology\" and will work with Aesthetics seeking to verify the possible contributions of this theoretical reference for the study of the environment in Biology, particularly in field classes focused on Higher Education in Biology Graduation. The Aesthetics, described by Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), is not limited to a science of the beautiful. Aesthetics has a more comprehensive character and resides in the essence of any object apprehended in our experience that arouses our attention, be it considered beautiful or not by the conventions. It it something that we consider \"admirable\". We found in the ideas of Aldo Leopold (1887-1948), that deals with an Aesthetics focused on the conservation of living beings, a dialogue with Peirce\'s Theory. Leopold (1949) proposes five categories of Conservation Aesthetics: trophy, isolation, change of scene, perception and husbandry. Based on these categories it was proposed a Didactic Sequence having the trail made by the naturalist Auguste de Saint- Hilaire (1779-1853) in Serra da Canastra as a background. We chose to adopt an interdisciplinary approach, and while the students revisit the points visited by Saint- Hilaire, field classes are developed with the aim of investigating the environment as the naturalist himself did

This paper compares two art museums, both created during the French Revolution, that fostered national unity by promoting a cultural identity. By analyzing the use of preexisting architecture from the ancien régime, innovative displays of art and redefinitions of the museum visitor as an Enlightened citizen, this thesis explores the application of eighteenth-century philosophy to the formation of two museums. The first is the Musée Central des Arts in the Louvre and the second is the Musée des Monuments Français, both housed in buildings taken over by the Revolutionary government and present the seized property of the royal family and Catholic Church. Created in a violent and unstable political climate, these museums were an effective means of presenting the First Republic as a guardian of national property and protector of French identity.