Call number: LD2668 .T4 1978 C377 / Master of Science

The study identified the "most important" and the "most feasible" poultry extension strategies for the improvement of poultry production in Bangladesh during the next five years. Eighty-two poultry Extension agents of the Bangladesh Department of Livestock assessed the importance of the poultry Extension strategies and 15 Extension administrators assessed the feasibility of the "most important" strategies as identified by the agents. The response rate was 82.4% for the extension agents and 100% for the administrators. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse their responses. The respondents identified 38 "most important" poultry Extension strategies and 12 of these strategies as being also "most feasible" for the improvement of poultry production in Bangladesh. In addition, using the Spearman rank order correlation (rs, the study found that there was no significant difference between poultry Extension agents who were Veterinary Science graduates and Animal Husbandry graduates in their ranking of the importance of the poultry extension strategies despite the differences in their educational preparation.

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The study on different extension approaches was undertaken in the Bathurst area of New South Wales, Australia. One hundred farmers were surveyed in random pairs according to those who belong to the formal group, ???Landcare???, and those who did not. The survey included questions on personal, physical resources, ecological and economic factors, farm practices and management (including actual practice, use of extension methods and information sources) Focussing on behavioural change over time, attitudes, perceptions and intentions. The impact of extension approach on different levels of innovation was considered: simple (e.g. tree planting), medium (e.g. pasture development) and complex (soil erosion control) on behavioural change. It was hypothesised that the ???group??? extension approach should be more effective with complex innovations, but the main significant differences found were in level of tree planting (higher in government funded Landcare), money spent on erosion control (including tree planting) and attitudes to the severity of local erosion (all higher in Landcare members). There were no other differences in attitudes, intentions or change in farming practice except that non-Landcare farmers planted more pasture and applied more lime. The outcomes did not support the hypothesis, and it was not possible to distinguish the differences that did occur in performance from extension approach versus access to funds. Field days are an important extension method for the adoption of cropping by landholders. Among the different extension methods, those who conducted erosion control through pastures, preferred government officers and meetings. Those who adopted tree planting and were in Landcare preferred magazines as the extension method. This added further weight to the argument that the formal group extension approach may not be perceived by its members to have any influence on adoption at this level. Generally, mass media was more important in the early stages of adoption and personal influence more important in the evaluation stage. This also applied to simple versus complex innovations. Surprisingly all farmers placed a very high reliance on government officers for information and decision-making, particularly those in Landcare, compared to neighbours or family. Formal group extension still needs assessing but using models other than Landcare.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 56 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 44-45).

The major purpose of the study was to analyze perceptions of Area Extension Agents - Youth held by local 4-H adult leaders and junior leaders. In general, the study was designed to ascertain whether differences in perception between the two groups, categorized by age do, in fact, occur. More specifically, the hypotheses and sub-hypotheses were used to analyze differences in perceptions of 4-H adult leaders and junior leaders on; (1) ''real'' and ''ideal'' behavior of the youth agent, and (2) initiating structure and consideration dimensions of leadership behavior.The population for the study was defined as all 4-H adult leaders and junior leaders in Indiana during the year of 1972. Twenty counties were randomly selected from the total 92 Indiana counties for participation in the study. The Area Extension Agents Youth of the sample counties were requested to submit a list of 4-H adult leaders and junior leaders. The list was used to randomly select a sample of fifty 4-H adult leaders and fifty junior leaders for data collection. The LBDQ instrument which measures two dimensions of leadership, initiating structure and consideration, was used to collect data needed for the analysis. Four-H adult leaders and junior leaders were randomly assigned to the 'ideal' and 'real" forms of the questionnaire to maintain unbiased predictions of the population. Instruments completed by the individual respondents were coded by age group and by county.A 2 x 2 factorial analysis of variance design, accompanied by subsequent individual mean comparisons, was employed for analysis of the data. The F test for significance was applied for decision with regard to four major hypotheses and eight sub-hypotheses with an alpha of .05.The following conclusions were supported by the findings of the study: 1. The level of expectations for initiating structure-leadership with respect to clearly delineated relationships between the youth leader and the group, well-defined patterns of organization, channels of communication, and ways of getting the job done--is higher among Indiana 4-H adult leaders than the younger junior leader counterparts. Four-H adult leaders desire a more structured form of leadership.2. Expecations of 4-H adult leaders are the same as expectations of junior leaders with regard to youth agent consideration-leadership behavior indicative of friendship, mutual trust, respect, and warmth. Both groups have high levels of expectations.3. Junior leaders are better satisfied with the leadership of youth agents than are adult leaders with regard to both leadership dimensions, initiating structure and consideration.4. Youth leaders are not meeting the ideal expectations either group, the junior leaders or the adult leaders.

The study on different extension approaches was undertaken in the Bathurst area of New South Wales, Australia. One hundred farmers were surveyed in random pairs according to those who belong to the formal group, ???Landcare???, and those who did not. The survey included questions on personal, physical resources, ecological and economic factors, farm practices and management (including actual practice, use of extension methods and information sources) Focussing on behavioural change over time, attitudes, perceptions and intentions. The impact of extension approach on different levels of innovation was considered: simple (e.g. tree planting), medium (e.g. pasture development) and complex (soil erosion control) on behavioural change. It was hypothesised that the ???group??? extension approach should be more effective with complex innovations, but the main significant differences found were in level of tree planting (higher in government funded Landcare), money spent on erosion control (including tree planting) and attitudes to the severity of local erosion (all higher in Landcare members). There were no other differences in attitudes, intentions or change in farming practice except that non-Landcare farmers planted more pasture and applied more lime. The outcomes did not support the hypothesis, and it was not possible to distinguish the differences that did occur in performance from extension approach versus access to funds. Field days are an important extension method for the adoption of cropping by landholders. Among the different extension methods, those who conducted erosion control through pastures, preferred government officers and meetings. Those who adopted tree planting and were in Landcare preferred magazines as the extension method. This added further weight to the argument that the formal group extension approach may not be perceived by its members to have any influence on adoption at this level. Generally, mass media was more important in the early stages of adoption and personal influence more important in the evaluation stage. This also applied to simple versus complex innovations. Surprisingly all farmers placed a very high reliance on government officers for information and decision-making, particularly those in Landcare, compared to neighbours or family. Formal group extension still needs assessing but using models other than Landcare.

Thesis(M.S.)--Auburn University, 2005. / Abstract. Vita. Includes survey instrument. Includes bibliographic references.