Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In Brazil, research to quantify annoyance caused by aircraft noise on people living close to airports and air bases is still incipient. Due to the augmented risk of accidents associated to armed aircraft operations but also due to noise emissions by military aircraft air bases, in general, should be located far away from populated areas. Nevertheless, urban development often approximates habited areas to airbases, causing several problems. The actual work aimed to investigate the opinions of a community, composed by civilians and military personnel, that resides close to the Santa Maria airbase (BASM) regarding various aspects, such as aircraft noise and satisfaction with other aspects, such as interference of aircraft noise in daily life, general effects of aircraft noise and individuals attitudes against exposure to aircraft noise. Besides the presence of the BASM and the actual operations on that airbase an expected expansion of the passenger terminal, which is expected to cause an increase in the number of civil aircraft operations and consequently an increase of noise emission, was relevant for the development of this research. The methodology adopted was of qualitative and quantitative nature. By means of observation of the daily life and the use of semistructured interviews the researcher seeked the approximation to the phenomenon of discomfort caused by aircraft noise in the vicinity of Santa Maria Air Base. The qualitative data obtained were analysed using the Grounded Theory, resulting in a conceptual model that shows the relationship between aircraft noise, context of the neighborhood and satisfaction with other aspects than aircraft noise. Based on the results from the qualitative data analysis a structured questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire was applied to 400 individuals in order to measure those aspects that were identified as important during the qualitative approximation the phenomenon of discomfort caused by aircraft noise in the vicinity of Santa Maria Air Base. The results were analysed using univariate and multivariate statistics (Principal Axis Factoring). Factor scores for the effects factor and the annoyance the aircraft operations factor were computed and compared between civilians and military personnel showing both groups are similarly affected by the aircraft operations the comparison of the individual scores of civilians and military personnel on the annoyance the aircraft operations factor showed that the civilians feel more incomfortable than the military personnel / No Brasil, as pesquisas para quantificar o incômodo ocasionado pelo ruído aeronáutico sobre as populações próximas aos aeroportos e bases aéreas são incipientes. Devido ao risco de acidentes associados a operações de aeronaves com armamentos e às emissões de ruído de aeronaves em bases aéreas militares, em geral, estas deveriam estar localizadas longe de áreas povoadas. No entanto, com o desenvolvimento urbano, muitas vezes as áreas habitadas se aproximam das bases aéreas causando vários problemas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar as opiniões de uma população composta por indivíduos civis e militares que residem próximos da Base Aérea de Santa Maria (BASM), em relação a diversos aspectos, tais como, a interferência do ruído das aeronaves na vida diária , os efeitos gerais do ruído das aeronaves e as atitudes dos indivíduos perante a exposição ao ruído dos aviões. Além da presença da BASM, as atuais operações da base aérea e a expansão do terminal de passageiros, que deverá causar aumento do número de operações de aeronaves civis e consequentemente um aumento da emissão de ruído, foram relevantes para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa. A metodologia adotada foi de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa. Por meio da observação da vida diária e o uso de entrevistas semiestruturadas a pesquisadora buscou a aproximação com o fenômeno do incômodo causado pelo ruído das aeronaves nas proximidades da Base Aérea de Santa Maria. Os dados qualitativos obtidos foram analisados utilizando a Grounded Theory, resultando em um modelo conceitual que mostra a relação entre o ruído das aeronaves, o contexto do bairro e a satisfação com outros aspectos do ruído das aeronaves. Com base nos resultados da análise qualitativa dos dados foi desenvolvido um questionário estruturado. O questionário foi aplicado a 400 indivíduos, com a finalidade de medir os aspectos que foram identificados como importantes durante a aproximação qualitativa e o fenômeno do incômodo causado pelo ruído das aeronaves nas proximidades da Base Aérea de Santa Maria. Os resultados foram analisados utilizando estatística univariada e multivariada (Principal Axis Factoring). Os escores fatoriais para o fator efeitos e o fator incômodo provocado pelas operações aeronáuticas foram calculados e comparados entre civis e militares mostrando que ambos os grupos são igualmente afetados pelas operações das aeronaves e a comparação das pontuações individuais de civis e militares no fator incômodo mostrou que os civis se sentem mais incomodados que os indivíduos militares.

The thesis deals with the current state of how air services are used within the Integrated Rescue System (IRS); it analyzes the level of equipment, possibilities of use and deployment of such technologies in emergency situations; and evaluates technical, qualitative and quantitative levels of all means that air services use in emergency situations. The thesis also puts emphasis on the analysis of dislocation of these means, its advantages and suitability when scrutinized in terms of quality, speed and efficiency of their deployment in emergency security situations, rescue operations, or their deployment during natural disasters. The outcome of the thesis comprises of proposals how to comprehensively amend applicable laws; and of conclusions that may help instigate discussion on the observed shortfalls, and how to increase efficiency, economy, and logical scheme leading to a timely response in emergency situations. The empirical part of thesis includes quantitative and qualitative researches which scrutinized two research corpuses. Tackling the first research corpus, the author used questionnaires to collect data technically. The questionnaires were aimed at members of the basic units of the IRS components. The outcomes of the questionnaires are shown in graphs. Tackling the second research corpus, the author held semi-structured interviews with expert representatives of subjects that provide air services within the IRS. Assessment of the outcomes was based on the transcriptions of the interviews which involved inserting the data into tables summarizing the most important outcomes of the research. Subsequently, these outcomes were used to identify the most important theses which were based on the answers provided by the respondents to research questions. The research also included an analysis of the available legal standards and documents related to the use of air services to provide efficient intervention, their assessment and identification of some criteria for de lege ferenda proposals to comprehensively amend selected laws. In conclusion, it was found out that there is poor awareness of possibilities how to use air services among the members of the basic units in individual IRS components, which results in insufficient deployment of Air Services while carrying out interventions.