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Development of simulation-based genetic algorithms model for crew allocation in the precast industryAl-Bazi, Ammar F. J. January 2010 (has links)
The focus of this thesis is on the precast concrete products manufacturing industry, which as one of the labour-intensive industries requires a substantial number of highly skilled operators in terms of crews to produce the final product. A crew is a group of multi-skilled chargehands and operators that have various skills and experience necessary to conduct an activity in a professional way. The high cost of skilled operators and the apparent inefficiencies of utilising such skilled operators in the industry are the major driving force. To achieve this, optimal crew allocation is required. Crew allocation is complex because of the multi-criteria nature of the problem and availability of thousands of possibilities and allocation alternatives. There is a gap in previous research efforts associated with crew allocation planning in the precast industry. Current practices suggest that the crew allocation process is carried out intuitively and the allocation of crews to production processes is subjective. This has led to high process-waiting times, improper allocation of skilled operators and ultimately higher production costs. In this context, the aim of this research is to propose an effective crew allocation methodology and a computer-based intelligent simulation model for its implementation. The objective of the approach is to guarantee a better workflow through minimising process-waiting time, optimising operator utilisation, and subsequently reducing the allocation cost. This research develops a holistic and integrated methodology for modelling crew allocation problems by reviewing state-of-art resource allocation techniques, structured interviews with production managers, site visits and a detailed case study. The methodology is developed using an IDEF0 process model and a generic process map for both the business and the production processes of the precast manufacturing system. A multi-layered genetic algorithm model is developed in conjunction with a process-simulation model to form a hybrid allocation system dubbed ‘SIM_Crew’. The model incorporates databases (Excel and MS Access), a simulation model (developed using Arena 12.0) and genetic algorithms (developed using Visual Basic for Applications) to facilitate the generation and evaluation of various “what-if” crew allocation scenarios. A number of performance criteria have been developed to evaluate the allocation plans. ‘SIM_Crew’ enables the investigation and analysis of allocating possible schedules and provides a facility to visualise the production processes. ‘SIM_Crew’ was validated using real life case study data and it was concluded that the allocation of crews to precast processes using genetic algorithm improves the throughput time and reduces the allocation cost as compared with real life production data. It is anticipated that future use of this research will solve the crew allocation problem in the precast industry.
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公有閒置設施活化利用為銀髮福利設施之研究 ─以臺北市為例 / A Study of Government Owned Idle Facilities Activate To Pension Facilities In Taipei City張哲瑋, Chang, Che Wei Unknown Date (has links)
臺北都市公有空間由於缺乏供給與需求配置的妥善評估,產生許多設施與建築發生閒置與低度利用的情況,造成環境的負擔以及資源的不平均分配。同時,臺北市持續面臨高齡化社會現象,銀髮福利設施是政府未來發展項目重點之一,現行多數研究先少探究銀髮福利設施於區域之設置標準。本研究針對公有閒置設施活化利用為銀髮福利設施,透過國內外文獻回顧,歸納「安全性」、「規模性」、「參與性」為銀髮福利設施主要活化原則,並建立分析模型。接著援用各級政府閒置設施資料庫,並結合社經資料,應用GIS系統進行閒置設施供給與銀髮福利設施需求的配置分析。透過分析模型與多評準決策分析法,篩選與評估不同地區與空間適合發展銀髮福利設施配置,藉此研擬相關活化策略。
實證結果顯示臺北市市中心位置對於銀髮福利設施之需求為高,相對其缺乏資源,以萬華區、文山區、松山區為嚴重。各公有閒置設施受到內在外在條件之影響,各閒置設施發展強度不同,結果顯示鄰里型服務範圍較適合發展安養護機構、社區型服務範圍較適合發展日間照顧中心、地區型服務範圍較適合發展安養護與日間照顧混合型設施。最後依據各別公有閒置設施之配置結果,建議未來公有閒置設施活化為銀髮福利設施之策略,配合設施內在外在條件,如人口、政策、文化、區位等等,使閒置設施達到最大活化效益。 / In Taipei City, there are government owned urban facilities and buildings which become idle facilities and with low utilization due to the lack of proper evaluation of supply and demand. It causes uneven distribution of resources to environment. Meanwhile, Taipei city faces the issue of aging society. The Government has to develop pension facilities for future planning. There are few existing studies discussed about the configuration standard of pension facilities. Therefore, this study explores the planning principles of pension facilities included safety, scale of facilities, participation, and the activating operations of public idle spaces by using the social-economic and idle spaces data of the Government. Also, this study simulates supply and demand data with GIS system. We analyze and evaluate the allocations which suitable for developing pension facilities in different regions and spatial conditions through Allocation Simulation, multiple criteria decision. Thus, it can be a reference for activating idle spaces for Taipei city.
The results of supply and demand simulation show that the demand for pension facilities is higher in the center of Taipei City that lack of resources, including Wanhua District, Wenshan District and Songshan District. Each government owned urban facilities may be affected by outer and inner conditions which cause different development intensity. The results show that neighbor-type facilities are suitable for developing retirement centers, community-type facilities are suitable for developing day care centers, region-type facilities are suitable for developing mix-used centers. Finally, according to all allocation results, it is recommended strategies should be added with outer and inner conditions which including population, policy, culture, location and allocation, in order to maximize the usage efficiency of idle facilities.
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