In the diploma thesis ``Early prosaic works of Čapek brothers and the context of pre-war modernism{\crqq} we deal in its first part with the joint prosaic works of the author pair of the Čapek brothers, ie. collections The Garden of Krakonos (transl. Krakonošova zahrada), The Luminious Depths and Other Prose (transl. Zářivé hlubiny a jiné prózy) and Juvenilie. We present comparison of these works and illustrate changes in poetics for each of these short stories. In the course of analysis of the collection The Garden of Krakonos we show its style in inclusion of diverse thoughts, aforisms and short stories which are anecdotically or ephigramatically ratched up with a strong self-reflective accent. With the analysis of the collection The Luminious Depths and Other Prose we point out the aim of the authors to achieve perfect form of novels. The stories are significantly longer and carefully plotted with the central role of an enclosed, complex, and thoughtful events in the past; authors work with the neo-classicistic form here. In the case of the collection Juvenilie we show patterns of this first and by authors themselves not too valued work which was even published post mortem. In their early works it is often obvious that they are only a preparation, a non-satisfying expression of a thought, and a literary concept which calls authors back for future reworkings. In the following part of the diploma thesis we focus on individual prosaic works of Čapek Brother - Josef{\crq}s first work Lelio and Karel{\crq}s first works The Wayside Crosses (transl. Boží muka) and Painful stories (transl. Trapné povídky). We aim to show the change from their previous collaboration to an original and individual form of expression of each of the authors. In the course of analysis of Josef{\crq}s short story Lelio, an example of the ``poetics of loathing{\crqq}, we show the expressivity of description of feelings of a lonely individual, the motives of anxiety, restlessness and sadness, all of which have probably an autobiographical roots. In Karel{\crq}s The Wayside Crosses, most of the stories try to capture only a separate event or even a single state of mind or feeling. The reader is approached with events which are by usual means inexplainable, with the moment when the rational, common life reaches an end and where he finds himself on a cross-section symbolized by the wayside Cross. In the case of Painful stories we analyze a collection of more coherent stories which mark the later style of Karel{\crq}s works. In the conlusion, the diploma thesis deals with the early journalistic activity of both brothers, with their critical artistic acumen. We analyze more deeply their part in organizing the significant collection Almanac 1914 (transl. Almanach na rok 1914) and we aim also for the thematic analysis of poems with which they contributed to the collection. Further, we approach their relationships with other avant-garde artists and authors, and analyze their contribution to the pre-war modernist movement.

By examining five types of astronomical and celestial phenomena—comets, constellations, the zodiac, planets, and the music of the spheres—this thesis posits not only that early modern dramatists were influenced by established and emerging natural philosophy as habits of thought that manifested in their writing, but also that astronomical phenomena operate within the drama, performance, and in the theatre as elements for creating and developing a distinctly spatial dramaturgy. Using theories from the spatial turn, this thesis maps the positions, edges, disturbances, and motions of celestial properties within the imaginary and physical space of early modern drama and theatre. It argues that the case study plays examined within this thesis demonstrate a period-wide engagement, rather than an authorial-, company-, theatre-, or even genre-specific practice. Dramatists developed techniques using astronomical phenomena as dramatic methods that occasionally underscored early modern astronomical thought. However, in many cases constructed plots, characters, visual and sound effects, and movements transgressed astronomical expectations. Dramatists broke down constellations, inserted new stars in the heavens, created zodiacal females, launched pyrotechnical comets, moved planets unexpectedly across the stage, and played (and refrained from playing) celestial "music" for the audience. Recognising composite and often contradictory astronomical constructions within the drama, this thesis moves the critical discussion away from an intellectual history of natural philosophy and gravitates toward an active astronomical dramaturgy.

The core of this thesis is to analyze two popular Jewish periodicals on 30th last century. One of this periodical is called Židovské zprávy (Jewish News) which is Zionist oriented. Second one is a magazine called Rozvoj (Progress) which is representing Czech-Jewish assimilation movement and which is opposed to Zionist ideology. The work is going to follow not only the way of reflection and interpretation of historical political events, but also it is going to focus on the relationship between supporters of the two directions and their attitude to the Czechoslovak Republic and its political representatives.Attention will also be paid to cultural and literary profiling of both periodicals. Subject of the analysis will be also cultural and literary annually based supplements called Židovský kalendář (Jewish Calendar) and Kalendář česko-židovský (Czech Jewish Almanac). The aim of this thesis is to capture ahistorical speechof periodicals which are defined by their ideologies so we can reveal their strategy and perception of the world.

The dissertation deals with the literature of the Czech lands on the background of the social change. The project follows the development of literature, from the enlightenment reforms at the end of the 18th century to the later phase of the Czech National Revival in the middle of the 19th century. The analysis of chosen texts is particularly focused on the role of the florilegia, written in German: collections of literary works and almanacs. The exploration is interested in tendencies, which this literary genre reflects: educative, reviving and mediating.