Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-22T16:01:45Z No. of bitstreams: 2 miria_cristina_pereira_fagundes.pdf: 574162 bytes, checksum: 2c6bb31b5558a25365d47d9b8a720d9e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-22T16:02:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 miria_cristina_pereira_fagundes.pdf: 574162 bytes, checksum: 2c6bb31b5558a25365d47d9b8a720d9e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-22T16:02:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 miria_cristina_pereira_fagundes.pdf: 574162 bytes, checksum: 2c6bb31b5558a25365d47d9b8a720d9e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-22T16:02:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 miria_cristina_pereira_fagundes.pdf: 574162 bytes, checksum: 2c6bb31b5558a25365d47d9b8a720d9e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / A temperatura ? considerada o elemento clim?tico mais importante para a produ??o da amoreira-preta (Rubus sp.). Em Diamantina, no Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha, em fun??o de sua altitude, ocorrem baixas temperaturas durante o inverno, o que pode viabilizar o cultivo da amoreira-preta com boas expectativas econ?micas. Entretanto, o estudo fenol?gico ? fundamental para a identifica??o de cultivares adaptadas ?s novas regi?es de cultivo. Diante disso, a pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento fenol?gico e produtivo de cultivares de amoreira-preta em Diamantina, MG. As mudas foram plantadas no Setor de Fruticultura do Campus Juscelino Kubitschek, UFVJM, localizado a 1.384 m de altitude. O clima da regi?o ? do tipo Cwb, temperado ?mido, com inverno seco e o per?odo chuvoso compreendido de outubro a mar?o, com precipita??o anual de 1.404 mm e temperatura m?dia do m?s mais quente inferior a 20,1 ?C. O tipo de solo da ?rea de cultivo ? o Neossolo Quartzar?nico ?rtico T?pico. O trabalho foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso, com quatro cultivares de amoreira-preta, ?Brazos?, ?Guarani?, ?Tupy? e ?Xavante?, cinco blocos e cinco plantas por unidade experimental. A caracteriza??o fenol?gica foi realizada nas cultivares de amoreira-preta por meio de observa??es visuais para determinar o in?cio da flora??o, da forma??o e do amadurecimento das frutas, dura??o do per?odo de florescimento e colheita. Para a caracteriza??o da exig?ncia t?rmica, foi calculado o n?mero de horas de frio acumuladas inferiores a 13 ?C, 10 ?C e 7,2?C, antes da fase de emiss?o de gemas e durante cada est?dio, a partir dos dados hor?rios de temperatura coletados pela esta??o autom?tica instalada no Campus Juscelino Kubitschek, em Diamantina, MG. Os graus-dia acumulados, nas diversas fases fenol?gicas, foram determinados a partir da diferen?a entre a temperatura m?dia di?ria e a temperatura basal inferior, que foi considerada como 10 ?C. A qualidade e a produ??o das amoras foram avaliadas a partir das caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas, da composi??o centesimal, da atividade antioxidante, da massa das frutas colhidas por planta e da produtividade por hectare. As cultivares de amoreira-preta apresentaram boa adapta??o ?s condi??es clim?ticas de Diamantina, MG. A ocorr?ncia de frio com temperaturas acima de 7,2 ?C foi suficiente para a produ??o das cultivares de amoreira-preta Brazos, Guarani, Tupy e Xavante no Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha. A cultivar Brazos apresentou comportamento precoce, com a antecipa??o da fase produtiva. O ciclo produtivo das cultivares de amoreira-preta, nas condi??es de clim?ticas de Diamantina, foi prolongado. Essas condi??es clim?ticas proporcionaram produ??o satisfat?ria para a cultivar Brazos, no seu segundo ciclo produtivo. A qualidade das amoras produzidas em Diamantina foi mantida, com varia??es condizentes com as altera??es clim?ticas da regi?o. A qualidade das amoras ? melhor quando colhidas na ?poca seca, com baixa incid?ncia de chuvas e alta radia??o solar. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT Temperature is considered the climatic element most important for the production of blackberry (Rubus sp.). Diamantina, in the Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha, due to its altitude, shows the occurrence of low temperatures during winter, which may enable the cultivation of the blackberry with good economic expectations. However, the phenological study is essential for the identification of cultivars adapted to new growing regions. Therefore, the research was carried out to evaluate the phenological and productive behavior of blackberry cultivars in Diamantina, Minas Gerais. The nursery blackberry were planted in the Fruitculture Sector of Campus Juscelino Kubitschek, UFVJM, located at 1,384 m altitude. The climate is the type Cwb, temperate humid with dry winter and rainy season from October to March, with annual precipitation of 1,404 mm and mean temperature of warmest month lower to 20,1?C. The soil type of the crop area is Quartzarenic Neosol. The study was conducted in a randomized block design with four blackberry cultivars Brazos, Guarani, Tupy and Xavante, with five blocks and five plants per experimental unit. The phenological characterization was carried in blackberry cultivars through visual observations to determine the beginning of flowering, formation and ripening fruits, length of the period flowering and harvest. To characterize the thermal demand was calculated the number of chilling hours accumulated less than 13 ?C, 10 ?C and 7,2 ?C before the stage of issuance of gems and during each stage from hours temperature data collected by automatic station installed in Campus Juscelino Kubitschek, Diamantina, MG. The degree-days in the different phenological phases were determined from the difference between the daily average temperature and lower basal temperature, which was taken as 10 ?C. The quality and production of blackberries were evaluated from the physico-chemical characteristics, centesimal composition, antioxidant activity, the fruit mass harvested per plant and the productivity per hectare. The cultivars of blackberry showed good adaptation to climatic conditions Diamantina, MG. The cold occurrence with temperatures above 7.2 ?C was enough to production of blackberry cultivars Brazos, Guarani, Tupy e Xavante in Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha. The cultivar Brazos showed precocious behavior, with the anticipation of the production phase. The productive cycle of blackberry cultivars in the conditions of climate Diamantina was prolonged. These climatic conditions provided satisfactory production to cultivate Brazos in its second productive cycle. The blackberry quality produced in Diamantina were maintained, with variations consistent to climate change in the region. The blackberry quality is best when harvested in the dry season with low rainfall and high solar radiation.