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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

La "tribune" de Saint-Michel-de-Cuxa (Pyrénées-Orientales, milieu XIIe siècle) : essai de restitution numérique au service d'une nouvelle approche historique, iconographique et liturgique. / The "Tribune" of Saint-Michel-de-Cuxa (Eastern Pyrenees, mid. 12th century) : proposition for a digital reconstruction serving a new historical, iconographical and liturgical approach.

Thirion, Anna 11 December 2015 (has links)
Vers le milieu du XIIe siècle, l’église abbatiale de Saint-Michel-de-Cuxa fut dotée d’une « tribune », profond jubé développé sur deux travées. Vraisemblablement démontée au cours du XVIe siècle, elle n’est plus connue aujourd’hui que par 180 éléments architecturaux et sculptés éparpillés en France et à l’étranger. Depuis sa découverte dans les années 1950, cet aménagement liturgique monumental en marbre rose a fait l’objet de plusieurs tentatives de reconstitution. Les divergences observées entre ces précédentes propositions sont nombreuses et portent sur l’inventaire des éléments qui proviennent de l’édicule, son emplacement dans la nef, la forme de cette architecture et l’assemblage des sculptures au sein de celle-ci.Le corpus des pièces conservées est suffisamment représentatif pour en proposer une anastylose numérique. Ce mot, du grec anastellein « remonter », désigne une tentative de reconstitution en trois dimensions d’un monument disparu, à partir du remontage des éléments qui en proviennent. En l’absence de témoignages précis (textuels ou iconographiques), c’est l’examen attentif des pierres qui permet la formulation de nouvelles hypothèses. Au cours de cette recherche, une méthodologie inédite pour l’étude de fragments épars issus d’ensembles démontés en vue de leur anastylose a été formalisée et testée. Toutes les pièces attribuées à l’ancienne « tribune » ont été numérisées et intégrées à cette proposition de restitution en trois dimensions.Cette dernière a apporté une meilleure connaissance de l’architecture et du décor sculpté, renouvelant la discussion sur cet objet artistique, liturgique et historique. Ainsi, son iconographie, ses fonctions, sa datation et le contexte de sa commande ont pu être précisés. / In the middle of the twelfth century, the abbatial church of Saint-Michel-de-Cuxa was endowed with a ''tribune'', a deep choir screen built on two bays. Dismantled in the sixteenth century this ''tribune'' is only known today by its 180 pink marble sculptures scattered throughout France and abroad. Since its discovery in the 1950’s, several attempts have been made to reconstruct this liturgical nonpareil of architecture. Their results differ on several points : the inventory, the location of the construction in the nave of the abbey church, the shapes of the structure and the positioning of the sculptures themselves.The stones preserved, numerous and varied in nature, are sufficient to allow a 3D reconstruction in the form of a digital anastylosis. From the Greek word, anastellein, “to rebuild,” this study appoints an attempt to digitally reconstruct the disappeared monument from its remaining elements. With no contemporaneous descriptions or representations that of the tribune and lacking precise textual and iconographic evidence, it is the careful analysis of the stones themselves that allow the formulation of a new hypotheses. Through this research, a new methodology for the study of the scattered fragments issued from the dismantled structure has been developed and tested for the purpose of their anastylosis. Every stone attributed to the ancient ''tribune'' has been digitized and integrated in the proposition of a 3D reconstruction.The latter has brought a better understanding of the sculpted set and its architecture, renewing discussions on the structure's artistic, liturgical and historical aspects. Thus bringing clarity to its iconography, functions, dating and context of commissioning.
2

Limit state design for strengthening foundations of historic buildings using pretested drilled spiral piles with special reference to St. John’s Church in Tartu

Avellan, K. (Kari) 02 November 2011 (has links)
Abstract This thesis discusses strengthening foundations of historic buildings by means of pretested, end-jacked, steel piles; pretested, end-jacked drilled spiral steel piles, as well as the geotechnical and structural design of strip foundations using ultimate limit state methods. Strengthening the foundations of historic buildings is a field of engineering where every site is more or less different from another. The variation of the substructure, foundation, and soil circumstances make every case unique. Preserving heritage buildings by preventing structural decay requires know-how and suitable strengthening methods. Drilled spiral piles and jacked piles were employed as strengthening methods for St. John’s Church of Tartu, because of the sinking and uneven settlement of the building. The strengthening work at St. John’s Church was challenging due to the risk of collapse of this historic church. Underpinning with jacked piles is a preferred method for strengthening historic foundations and where drilled spiral piles were employed, the author of this thesis developed special equipment. The strengthening method employed for the tower complies with the anastylosis principle by preserving the authenticity of the structures. Old block stones are visible upon the floating piled rafts. The empty space was left to give archaeologists and engineers a chance to study the realized work “in situ” in the future. The foundation of the tower was underpinned step by step with end-jacked piles and a concrete raft poured step by step. The weight of the tower is 5 500 tons and it rests on four pillars. Every pillar rests on its own floating piled raft. This thesis proves that by means of lower and upper bound theorems a floating, piled strip-foundation can be designed geotechnically and structurally using one method based on ultimate limit state (ULS) and serviceability limit state (SLS). The method takes the following into account as geotechnical requirements: total settlement and angular distortions; and as structural requirements; admissible plastic rotations, end moments due to displacement angle, as well as control of cracking. The chosen piling methods were suitable for St. John’s Church, and the installed piles work well in addition to the old foundations. The functionality of the strengthening techniques has been verified by test piling. Furthermore, every drilled spiral pile was preloaded twice and end-jacked for soil hardening. / Tiivistelmä Tämä tutkimus käsittelee historiallisten rakennusten perustusten vahvistamista esikuormitetuilla teräksisillä puristuspaaluilla ja esikuormitetuilla, loppupuristetuilla spiraaliporapaaluilla. Tutkimus sisältää myös pitkänomaisen anturaperustuksen mitoitusmenetelmän, joka huomioi sekä murtorajatilan että käyttörajatilan vaatimukset. Historiallisten rakennusten perustusten vahvistaminen on insinööritieteen osa-alue, missä jokainen työmaa on oma, ainutlaatuinen kohteensa johtuen erilaisista maaperäolosuhteista, perustuksista ja rakenteista. Rakennuksen luonteen säilyttäminen edellyttää insinööriltä monialaista kykyä ja tietoa sopivista vahvistamismenetelmistä. Spiraaliporapaaluja ja puristuspaaluja käytettiin Johanneksen kirkon (Jaani Kirik) perustusten vahvistamisessa rakennuksen epätasaisen painumisen ja sortumisvaaran vuoksi. Perustusten vahvistamista puristuspaaluilla pidetään yleisesti parhaana menetelmänä historiallisille rakennuksille. Tämän tutkimustyön tekijä suunnitteli erikoiskaluston työtä varten kehitetylle kierrepaalulle. Anastylosis periaatteen mukaisesti käytetyssä tornin vahvistamismenetelmässä säilytettiin rakenteiden autenttisuus. Vanhat kivilatomukset ovat osittain näkyvissä. Niiden välissä oleva tyhjä tila antaa arkeologeille ja insinööreille mahdollisuuden tutustua suoritettuun työhön. Tornin perustukset vahvistettiin vaiheittain paaluilla sekä valetulla betonilaatalla. Torni painaa 5 500 tonnia ja se on neljän pilarin varassa. Jokaisella pilarilla on erillinen kelluva paalutettu laattaperustus. Tässä työssä on osoitettu, että plastisuusteorian ala- ja ylärajalauseiden avulla myötäävän kitkamaan ja myötäävän paalutuksen varaan perustettu pitkänomainen anturaperustus voidaan mitoittaa geo- ja rakenneteknisesti murto- ja käyttörajatilassa samalla menetelmällä. Menetelmä sisältää geoteknisinä vaatimuksina anturan pohjapaineen, kokonaispainuman ja kulmakiertymän (= epätasaisen painumisen) määrittämisen, rakenteellisina vaatimuksina plastisoituvien kohtien riittävän muodonmuutoskyvyn, kenttä- ja tukimomenttien, epätasaisen painumisen aiheuttamien pakkomomenttien sekä halkeamatarkastelun määrittämisen. Spiraaliporapaalujen toiminnallisuus varmistettiin koepaaluilla. Maanlujittumista varten jokainen spiraaliporapaalu koestettiin kahdella esikuormituksella ja loppupuristuksilla.
3

Etruscan rock-cut tombs and 3D modeling

Votroubeková, Tatiana January 2015 (has links)
This thesis examines Etruscan rock-cut tombs that are characteristic for inland southern Etruria and are dated from second quarter of the 6th century BC to the end of 3rd and beginning of the 2nd century BC. Thesis is focused on the architecture of the tombs, their typology, decoration, iconography and their architectural evolution. Main sites in Archaic period are necropoleis in San Giuliano, Blera, Tuscania and for Hellenistic period necropoleis in Norchia, Sovana and Castel d'Asso. Second part of thesis examines the potential of 3D recording, analysis, virtual reconstruction and virtual anastylosis for the study of the tomb façades through the case studies of the "Tomb of the Siren" from necropolis of Sovana and the "Doric Tombs" from necropolis of Norchia. Keywords Etruscans, Etruscan, rock-cut, rupestral, façade, necropolis, 3D modeling, multi-image photogrammetry, virtual reconstruction, virtual anastylosis

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