Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2005. / (UnM)AAI3202175. Adviser: Janeen Salak-Johnson. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-01, Section: B, page: 0030.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Auburn University, 2006. / (UMI)AAI3215747. Adviser: Vitaly J. Vodyanoy. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-04, Section: B, page: 1771.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Biology, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Oct. 8, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-02, Section: B, page: 0774. Adviser: Gregory E. Demas.

The post blood meal diuresis in the mosquito may be regulated by neuroendocrine factors. Two families of neuropeptides, the diuresins and the leucokinins stimulate fluid secretion in Malpighian tubules of several insects. Recently, several new peptides have been isolated and synthesized from both families of neuropeptides. A putative diuresin-like diuretic factor has been purified and sequenced from Culex salinarius. Several leucokinins have been isolated from two species of mosquitoes, the culekinin depolarizing peptides (CDP-I, II and III) isolated from C. salinarius and Aedes leucokinin peptides (ALP-I, II and III) isolated from Aedes aegypti. The three major objectives of this work were: (1) to examine the effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), the mosquito diuresin and the mosquito leucokinins on urine production in vivo in the mosquito A. aegypti, (2) to inhibit the biological effects of ALP-I and C. salinarius diuresin with antibodies raised against these peptides, (3) to determine if biologically active peptides increased Malpighian tubule intracellular second messengers 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3 This study has demonstrated that putative diuretic factors from two families of insect neuropeptides and 5-HT influence Malpighian tubule function. The mosquito diuresin, leucokinins and 5-HT stimulated total urine production in a dose dependent manner. A significant inhibition of peptide-stimulated urine production occurred following immunization with either ALP-I or C. salinarius diuresin antibodies. The C. salinarius diuresin significantly (p 0.05) increased intracellular cAMP concentrations in A. aegypti tubules. Stimulation of A. aegypti tubules with either CDP-II or 5-HT resulted in significant increases in both intracellular cAMP and IP3 concentrations. All of the mosquito leucokinins, with the exception of CDP-I, significantly increased intracellular IP3 in tubules. Data presented here suggest that the mosquito leucokinins may function on the Malpighian tubules of A. aegypti by increasing intracellular Ca²⁺ through the release of IP3 sensitive intracellular Ca²⁺ stores.

No description available.

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are able to migrate between freshwater and seawater environments. These transitions induce remodeling of the gill, which aids in maintaining proper ionic balance in the face of changing salt and water requirements. Specific gill phenotypes for both freshwater and seawater rainbow trout have been observed, and are identifiable based on the locations and quantities of ion transporters and on the specific cell types present. Previous research has shown that internal salt loading is sufficient to induce a seawater gill phenotype in freshwater rainbow trout. The present study hypothesized that the developing phenotype was due to increases in circulating cortisol levels or corticosteroid receptor expression; this correlation was attempted by examining the time course of development of the seawater phenotype, and by examining concomitant changes in two other key osmoregulatory tissues, gut and kidney. A novel finding of the present study is that cortisol may play a role in promoting the development of a seawater phenotype in salt-fed freshwater fish, probably through regulation of corticosteroid receptor abundance rather than through modulation of cortisol levels.

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) held in pairs engage in agonistic interactions resulting in one fish becoming dominant over the other, subordinate fish. Subordinate social status constitutes a chronic stress with subordinate fish exhibiting a prolonged elevation of circulating cortisol levels that in turn leads to reduced growth rates, altered metabolic function and compromised immune responses. The chronic stress experienced by subordinate fish also impacts ionoregulatory ability. Owing to the tight coupling between Na+ and Cl- uptake and, respectively, H + and HCO3- excretion at the gill, such ionoregulatory changes may affect acid-base regulation. Thus, the present study investigated the impact of social status on acid-base regulation of respiratory acidosis in rainbow trout. Responses of subordinate, dominant and control trout to 24 h of hypercapnia were compared. Social status appeared to impact net acid excretion (JnetH +) as subordinate individuals were unable to increase net acid flux in response to hypercapnia. However, despite this impaired response, blood acid-base status was found to be unaffected by social status before or during hypercapnic exposure, indicating that subordinate fish were as effective as dominant or control trout in achieving compensation for the acid-base disturbance. Compensation in all groups involved decreasing Cl- uptake in response to hypercapnia, thereby reducing HCO3- loss. Differences in branchial and renal Na+, K+-ATPase and H+-ATPase activities were documented between subordinate and dominant/control trout. Subordinate individuals exhibited elevated circulating cortisol concentrations prior to hypercapnia and failed to exhibit further increases in circulating cortisol levels in response to the acute stress of hypercapnia. Taken as a whole, the findings of this study suggest that subordinate fish are able to regulate body fluid pH during a respiratory acidosis, but this regulation may come at a greater cost than is the case in dominant or control fish.

Le but de cette étude était de déterminer la relation entre l'enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO), le type de personnalité et la condition physique cez des recrues de la police. L'étude visait aussi la vérification de l'effet d'un effort physique maximal sur l'enzyme MAO. Pour ce faire, 19 sujets de sexe masculin en bonne condition physique ont complète le questionnaire sur la personnalité de Eysenck (EPQ) ainsi que le test I-5 de Eysenck. Ils ont ensuite exécute un test progressif sur tapis roulant précédé et suivi d'un prélèvement sanguin. Les résultats indiquent qu'il existe une relation inverse significative entre la MAO et le trait de psychotisme. Aucune relation significative n'a été observée entre l'activité de la MAO et la condition physique. De plus, il semble que l'effort physique ne provoque pas de changement significatif au niveau de la MAO. L'activiste de la MAO mesurée chez les recrues se trouvait dans l'intervalle des valeurs normales.

No description available.

No description available.