To meet the requirements for the next generation of space missions, a paradigm shift is required from current structures that are static, heavy and stiff, to innovative structures that are adaptive, lightweight, versatile, and intelligent. This work proposes the use of a novel morphing structure, the thermally actuated anisogrid morphing boom, to meet the design requirements by making the primary structure actively adapt to the on-orbit environment. The proposed concept achieves the morphing capability by applying local and global thermal gradients and using the resulting thermal strains to introduce a 6 Degree of Freedom (DOF) morphing control. To address the key technical challenges associated with implementing this concept, the work is broken into four sections. First, the capability to develop and reduce large dynamic models using the Data Based Loewner-SVD method is demonstrated. This reduction method provides the computationally efficient dynamic models required for evaluation of the concept and the assessment of a vast number of loading cases. Secondly, a sensitivity analysis based parameter ranking methodology is developed to define parameter importance. A five parameter model correlation effort is used to demonstrate the ability to simplify complex coupled problems. By reducing the parameters to only the most critical, the resulting morphing optimization computation and engineering time is greatly reduced. The third piece builds the foundation for the thermal morphing anisogrid structure by describing the concept, defining the modeling assumptions, evaluating the design space, and building the performance metrics. The final piece takes the parameter ranking methodology, developed in part two, and the modeling capability of part three, and performs a trust-region optimization to define optimal morphing geometric configuration. The resulting geometry, optimized for minimum morphing capability, is evaluated to determine the morphing workspace, the frequency response capability, and the minimum and maximum morphing capability in 6 DOF. This work has demonstrated the potential and provided the technical tools required to model and optimize this novel smart structural concept for a variety of applications. / Ph. D.