Dong Yingying. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-125). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Declaration --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.ii / Publication list --- p.iii / Abstract (English) --- p.ix / Abstract (Chinese) --- p.xii / Abbreviations --- p.xiv / List of figures / tables --- p.xvi / Chapter Chapter 1. --- General Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- The role of endothelium in regulating vascular tone --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Nitric oxide (NO) --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Prostacyclin (PGI2) --- p.20 / Chapter 1.2 --- EDHF-mediated endothelial function in coronary circulation --- p.22 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Role of EDHF in coronary microarteries --- p.23 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Role of EDHF in cardiac veins --- p.24 / Chapter 1.3 --- Effect of ischemia-reperfusion on endothelial function in coronary circulation --- p.25 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Ischemia-reperfusion injury --- p.26 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Effect of ischemia-reperfusion on endothelial function in coronary microarteries --- p.28 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Effect of ischemia-reperfusion on endothelial function in cardiac veins --- p.29 / Chapter 1.4 --- Alteration of endothelial function during cardiac surgery / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Cardioplegia and organ preservation solutions --- p.31 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Combined effects of hypoxia-reoxygenation and ST solution on endothelial function in coronary microarteries/cardiac veins --- p.34 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Effect of nicorandil on endothelial function --- p.34 / Chapter Chapter 2. --- Materials and Methods --- p.37 / Chapter 2.1 --- Isometric force study in micro arteries/veins --- p.37 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Preparation of vessels --- p.37 / Chapter 2.1.1.1 --- Preparation of porcine coronary microarteries --- p.37 / Chapter 2.1.1.2 --- Preparation of porcine cardiac veins --- p.37 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Technique of setting up --- p.39 / Chapter 2.1.2.1 --- Mounting of microvessels --- p.39 / Chapter 2.1.2.2 --- Normalization procedure for microvessels --- p.39 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- EDHF-mediated vasorelaxation --- p.40 / Chapter 2.1.3.1 --- Precontraction and stimuli of EDHF --- p.40 / Chapter 2.1.3.2. --- “Truéحresponse of EDHF --- p.40 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Data acquisition and analysis --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2 --- Hypoxia and reoxygenation --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Calibration of 02-special electrode --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Measurement of --- p.02 / Chapter 2.3 --- Statistical analysis --- p.42 / Chapter 2.4 --- Chemicals --- p.43 / Chapter Chapter 3. --- Hypoxia-Reoxygenation in Coronary Microarteries: Combined Effect with St Thomas Cardioplegia and Temperature on the Endothelium- derived Hyperpolarizing Factor and Protective Effect of Nicorandil --- p.44 / Chapter 3.1 --- Abstract --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2 --- Introduction --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3 --- Experimental design and analysis --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Vessel Preparation --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Normalization --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Hypoxia --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Effect of H-R on EDHF-mediated relaxation in coronary microarteries --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Combined effects ofH-R and ST solution on EDHF-mediated relaxation in coronary microarteries --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- Effect of addition of nicorandil Krebs or ST solution under H-R on EDHF-mediated relaxation in coronary microarteries --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.7 --- Data analysis --- p.50 / Chapter 3.4 --- Results --- p.51 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Resting force --- p.51 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- U46619-induced contraction force --- p.51 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Partial pressure of oxygen in hypoxia --- p.51 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- EDHF-mediated relaxation in coronary microarteries --- p.51 / Chapter 3.4.4.1 --- Effect of H-R --- p.51 / Chapter 3.4.4.2 --- Combined effects ofH-R and ST solution on EDHF-mediated relaxation --- p.52 / Chapter 3.4.4.3 --- Effects of addition of nicorandil to Krebs or ST solution under H-R on EDHF-mediated relaxation --- p.52 / Chapter 3.5 --- Discussion --- p.53 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- EDHF-mediated relaxation after exposure to H-R --- p.53 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- EDHF-mediated relaxation after H-R in ST solution at different temperature --- p.54 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Effect of addition of nicorandil to Krebs or ST solution during H-R on EDHF-mediated relaxation --- p.55 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- Clinical implications --- p.56 / Chapter Chapter 4. --- Hypoxia-Reoxygenation in Cardiac Microveins: Combined Effect with Cardioplegia and Temperature on the Endothelial Function --- p.68 / Chapter 4.1 --- Abstract --- p.68 / Chapter 4.2 --- Introduction --- p.69 / Chapter 4.3 --- Experimental design and analysis --- p.73 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Vessel Preparation --- p.73 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Normalization --- p.73 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Hypoxia --- p.73 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Effect of H-R on EDHF-mediated relaxation in cardiac micro veins --- p.74 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Combined effects of H-R and ST solution on EDHF-mediated relaxation in cardiac microveins --- p.74 / Chapter 4.3.6 --- Data analysis --- p.75 / Chapter 4.4 --- Results --- p.75 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Resting force --- p.75 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- U46619-induced contraction force --- p.76 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Partial pressure of oxygen in hypoxia --- p.76 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- EDHF-mediated relaxation after H-R in Krebs solution at 37°C --- p.76 / Chapter 4.4.5 --- EDHF-mediated relaxation after exposure to H-R in ST solution at different temperatures --- p.77 / Chapter 4.5 --- Discussion --- p.78 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Effect of H-R on EDHF-mediated relaxation --- p.78 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- Combined effects of H-R with ST solution on EDHF-mediated relaxation --- p.80 / Chapter 4.5.3 --- Clinical implications / Chapter Chapter 5. --- General Discussion --- p.89 / Chapter 5.1 --- EDHF-mediated endothelial function in porcine coronary circulation --- p.89 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- EDHF in porcine coronary microarteries --- p.92 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- EDHF in porcine cardiac veins --- p.90 / Chapter 5.2 --- Alteration of EDHF-mediated function after exposure to H-R --- p.91 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- In coronary microarteries --- p.91 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- In cardiac veins --- p.92 / Chapter 5.3 --- Alteration of EDHF-mediated function after exposure to ST solution under H-R --- p.92 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- In coronary microarteries --- p.93 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- In cardiac veins --- p.93 / Chapter 5.4 --- EDHF-mediated function in nicorandil-supplemented ST solution under H-R in coronary microarteries --- p.93 / Chapter 5.5 --- Clinical implications / Chapter 5.5.1 --- H-R injury --- p.94 / Chapter 5.5.2 --- H-R injury and cardioplegic solution --- p.95 / Chapter 5.5.2 --- Nicorandil-supplementation in cardioplegic solution --- p.95 / Chapter 5.6 --- Limitation of the study --- p.96 / Chapter 5.7 --- Future investigations --- p.96 / Chapter 5.8 --- Conclusions --- p.97 / References --- p.99