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This thesis begins with a discussion of the theory behind free trade, and then examines some of the political rhetoric surrounding current free trade negotiations. This rhetoric ignores the potential pitfalls of free trade, and alternatives which would lead to more balanced development. The U.S.-Mexico FTA is placed in global perspective, with a discussion of the GATT. The maquiladora industry, dominated by multinational corporations, is presented as a "sneak preview" of free trade. This agreement would generate multiple realities, in that it would mean different things to different groups of people; it will have numerous negative effects, especially on Mexico's rural population. The ideological rhetoric obscures the fact that a primary result of free trade will not be broad economic development, but rather further polarization of society and the enrichment of certain vested interests.

The paper outlines the historical development of Kenyan land tenure reform in relation to a group of smallholders in Maragoli. The transformation of common property into private property has not completely destroyed the authority of local institutions in matters of land tenure and land use. Customary social obligations have continued to play a role in the decision-making process of smallholders in Maragoli. The government in Kenya continues to be uninformed by the socioeconomic realities that affect smallholders. Agrarian law and administration should be built on the kinds of agricultural systems that are being practiced by the majority of the population in Kenya.

The Hopi word hova is glossed in the Hopi Dictionary as homosexual, transvestite, similar to the berdache. This thesis explores the meanings of the words homosexual, transvestite, and berdache in order to gain a better understanding of the Hopi word hova. Most of the major extant, published, anthropological literature regarding the words berdache and hova are reviewed and analyzed. Other cultural ideas such as Navajo nadleehi and Zuni lhamana are also analyzed for cross-cultural purposes. As the anthropological literature is inadequate for explaining the Hopi word hova, future research options and projects are proposed in favor of a static conclusion.

Current scholarship in Virgil's Aeneid includes the search for subtexts and subthemes and also investigation into father/son relationships. While there has been examination of maturation motifs in Greek myth and legend, there has been no serious exploration of initiatory themes in the Aeneid with regard to Ascanius. The focus of this dissertation is a study of the initiatory pattern itself, its manifestations in ancient and Classical Greek literature and culture, Republican Roman practices which reflect this motif, and then an analysis of these influences in the portrayal of the growth and development of Ascanius. In addition, there is a brief study of Euryalus, Pallas, and Camilla as they undergo the initiatory process and reasons for their failures. / In the first three chapters I explore the origins of rites of passage, associated with fertility and marriage ceremonies, and their evolution into initiations into adulthood, studying especially the Greek and Roman cultures, for whom initiations into adulthood were part of everyday life, expected and assumed. / In Chapter Four I establish the initiatory process from the childhood to the adulthood of Ascanius. The first of three steps, separation of the child from his mother, occurs when Ascanius and the Aeneadae flee from the burning Troy; in the second stage, the margin or instructional period, Ascanius undergoes a journey, learns the lore, traditions, and religion of his people, endures dangers, and learns the skills of warfare through the hunt; finally, Ascanius achieves adult status in the eyes of the heroic/warrior community by his leadership in council and the slaying of an enemy. / The similarities between Ascanius and Euryalus, Pallas, and Camilla are considered in Chapter Five with an eye toward the important differences which cause all three of the latter to fail, and die, in their attempts to achieve adult status. Their failure, not without considerable literary and historical precedent, serves as a foil to the success of Ascanius as he joins the adult world and the heroic community. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 56-04, Section: A, page: 1343. / Major Professor: W. W. deGrummond. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1995.

This study was designed to determine the cultural, environmental, and political/military factors which influence the visual imagery drawn by Iraqi children. Additional factors examined were traditional and Western influences, gender, location, and socioeconomic levels. The subjects were 180 children of different socioeconomic levels in urban and rural (suburban) public elementary schools in Baghdad. It was hypothesized that there would be no significant differences in drawings of male and female children, those from urban and rural locations, and those from low-, middle-, and high-income levels regarding choice of topic (culture, environment, political/military themes), and source of influence (traditional or Western). / Significant differences were found between male and female children's drawings in both urban and rural areas. Females depicted environmental themes more often than did the males while males drew political and war images more often than did females. In general, children drew traditional themes more than Western themes. Western influences dominated the drawings of children from urban areas while traditional images appeared most often in the drawings of rural children. High-income children were more concerned with Western and political/military themes than were children from middle- and low-income backgrounds. However, traditional themes were more dominant among low-income children than middle-income children. Both male and female children depicted their own sex in their drawings. / This study offers significant findings within the sphere of Arabic culture and cross-cultural studies. The findings also represent a case study of a nation that has undergone tremendous political, cultural, social, and economic changes in a relatively short period of time. It also adds a new dimension which has only limited representation in the literature--the element of political-military and war images--showing their influence to be as significant as those of culture and environment. Awareness of these factors should provide art educators with a better understanding of visual images children choose to draw. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 50-04, Section: A, page: 0856. / Major Professor: Jessie Lovano-Kerr. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1989.