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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Two-hybrid analysis and attempted expression of elongation factor 1α from the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus.

Botha, M.E. (Mariette) 02 July 2013 (has links)
Control of Rhipicephalus microplus is predominantly mediated by the application of acaricides, but the rapid acquisition of resistance by this species and environmental pollution resulting from discarded acaricides, necessitates the discovery of new control measures. Due to the fact that Rhipicephalus spp. are genetically diverse and often have more than one host, it has been difficult to identify a common protective vaccine candidate able to target all species of this genus. Only one anti-tick antigen, Bm86, has been commercialized to date and is sold as GAVAC® and GAVACPlus® in South America. In an attempt to identify protective antigens, a protein termed subolesin was identified using expression library immunisation. RNAi studies showed that subolesin knockdown causes the degeneration of tick guts, salivary glands, reproductive tissues and embryos. Subolesin additionally mediates tick gene expression, impacts the innate immune response and affects tick infection by Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia, Babesia or Theileria spp. The R. microplus EF-1α homolog was identified as a subolesin-interacting protein via yeast two-hybrid and co-affinity purification experiments. RNAi experiments have suggested that EF-1α is another possible anti-tick vaccine candidate since it exhibits a similar phenotype as subolesin upon knockdown. The aim of the present research was to express R. microplus EF-1α in the yeast, Pichia pastoris and to exploit the yeast two-hybrid system in an attempt to identify its protein-binding partners. This will provide insight into understanding the translational machinery of this species and of ixodid ticks. Recombinant EF-1α was expressed as a 24 kDa protein, validated by western blotting. A highly representative cDNA library was produced from R. microplus mixed lifestages mRNA, fractionated and cloned into a two-hybrid prey vector. No definitive hits were obtained during the two-hybrid screen of reporter genes, as E-values attained after tblastx and PSI-BLAST analysis were higher than the required limit of 1 x 10-4. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Biochemistry / unrestricted
2

Vacina multicomponente recombinante baseada em antígenos secretados por Rhipicephalus microplus induz imunidade protetora contra carrapatos em bovinos e cães / Recombinant multicomponent vaccine based on antigens secreted by Rhipicephalus microplus induces protective immunity against ticks in cattle and dogs

Andressa Fisch 17 October 2018 (has links)
Carrapatos são parasitas hematófagos transmissores de doenças para humanos e animais, e responsáveis por prejuízos econômicos de bilhões de dólares para os sistemas pecuários mundiais. A emergência de carrapatos multirresistentes a acaricidas torna urgente o desenvolvimento de vacinas efetivas contra este parasita. Neste trabalho, nós utilizamos dados de sialotranscriptomas de carrapatos R. microplus para selecionar antígenos secretados pelo parasita para serem testados como uma vacina multicomponente. Os antígenos produzidos de forma recombinante em E. coli foram utilizados como imunógenos em animais suscetíveis à carrapatos para testes de proteção vacinal contra infestações por R. microplus em bovinos e por R. sanguineus em cães. No primeiro ensaio, bovinos imunizados com oito antígenos recombinantes adjuvantados com um polímero sintético apresentaram indução de IgG sérica específica para cinco antígenos, e redução de 22% na infestação por carrapatos R. microplus. No segundo ensaio, a imunização de bovinos com nove antígenos adjuvantados com sais de alumínio gerou IgG específica para todos os antígenos inoculados, e proteção vacinal crescente de 70% e 75% em duas infestações sucessivas com carrapatos R. microplus, sem revacinação, indicando boost natural pela infestação. No terceiro ensaio, a imunização de cães com nove antígenos recombinantes associados à hidróxido de alumínio induziu a soroconversão de IgG dos animais para todos os antígenos, e proteção vacinal de 36% contra a infestação por carrapatos R. sanguineus. Todas as formulações afetaram principalmente o número de fêmeas ingurgitadas após a infestação. O efeito protetor de antígenos derivados de carrapatos R. microplus sobre carrapatos R. sanguineus (proteção cruzada) indica ser possível o desenvolvimento de uma vacina multicomponente efetiva contra os dois parasitas. / Ticks are hematophagous parasites which transmit diseases to humans and animals, and are responsible for billions of dollars of damage to the world\'s livestock systems. The emergence of ticks resistant to multiple acaricides makes urgent the development of effective vaccines against this parasite. In this work, we used data from the R. microplus tick sialotranscriptome to select antigens secreted by the parasite to be tested as a multicomponent vaccine. Recombinant antigens expressed in E. coli were used as antigens in tick\'s susceptible hosts to evaluate it efficacy in protect animals against R. microplus and R. sanguineus infestations. In the first assay, bovines immunized with eight recombinant antigens adjuvanted with a synthetic polymer presented the induction of serum IgG reactive for five antigens, and reduction of R. microplus infestation in 22%. In the second trial, immunization of cattle with nine antigens adjuvanted with aluminum salts generated serum IgG against all antigens, and vaccine protection against R. microplus parasitism was calculated in 70% and 75% for each infestation. In the third trial, the immunization of dogs with recombinant antigens adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide induced IgG seroconversion against all antigens, and a 36% of protection against infestation by R. sanguineus ticks in immunized animals. All formulations reduced mainly the number of engorged females recovered from infestation. The cross reactive protection induced by R. microplus derived antigens R. sanguineus tick infestation indicate that it is possible to develop a unique multicomponent vaccine against the two parasites.
3

Vacina multicomponente recombinante baseada em antígenos secretados por Rhipicephalus microplus induz imunidade protetora contra carrapatos em bovinos e cães / Recombinant multicomponent vaccine based on antigens secreted by Rhipicephalus microplus induces protective immunity against ticks in cattle and dogs

Fisch, Andressa 17 October 2018 (has links)
Carrapatos são parasitas hematófagos transmissores de doenças para humanos e animais, e responsáveis por prejuízos econômicos de bilhões de dólares para os sistemas pecuários mundiais. A emergência de carrapatos multirresistentes a acaricidas torna urgente o desenvolvimento de vacinas efetivas contra este parasita. Neste trabalho, nós utilizamos dados de sialotranscriptomas de carrapatos R. microplus para selecionar antígenos secretados pelo parasita para serem testados como uma vacina multicomponente. Os antígenos produzidos de forma recombinante em E. coli foram utilizados como imunógenos em animais suscetíveis à carrapatos para testes de proteção vacinal contra infestações por R. microplus em bovinos e por R. sanguineus em cães. No primeiro ensaio, bovinos imunizados com oito antígenos recombinantes adjuvantados com um polímero sintético apresentaram indução de IgG sérica específica para cinco antígenos, e redução de 22% na infestação por carrapatos R. microplus. No segundo ensaio, a imunização de bovinos com nove antígenos adjuvantados com sais de alumínio gerou IgG específica para todos os antígenos inoculados, e proteção vacinal crescente de 70% e 75% em duas infestações sucessivas com carrapatos R. microplus, sem revacinação, indicando boost natural pela infestação. No terceiro ensaio, a imunização de cães com nove antígenos recombinantes associados à hidróxido de alumínio induziu a soroconversão de IgG dos animais para todos os antígenos, e proteção vacinal de 36% contra a infestação por carrapatos R. sanguineus. Todas as formulações afetaram principalmente o número de fêmeas ingurgitadas após a infestação. O efeito protetor de antígenos derivados de carrapatos R. microplus sobre carrapatos R. sanguineus (proteção cruzada) indica ser possível o desenvolvimento de uma vacina multicomponente efetiva contra os dois parasitas. / Ticks are hematophagous parasites which transmit diseases to humans and animals, and are responsible for billions of dollars of damage to the world\'s livestock systems. The emergence of ticks resistant to multiple acaricides makes urgent the development of effective vaccines against this parasite. In this work, we used data from the R. microplus tick sialotranscriptome to select antigens secreted by the parasite to be tested as a multicomponent vaccine. Recombinant antigens expressed in E. coli were used as antigens in tick\'s susceptible hosts to evaluate it efficacy in protect animals against R. microplus and R. sanguineus infestations. In the first assay, bovines immunized with eight recombinant antigens adjuvanted with a synthetic polymer presented the induction of serum IgG reactive for five antigens, and reduction of R. microplus infestation in 22%. In the second trial, immunization of cattle with nine antigens adjuvanted with aluminum salts generated serum IgG against all antigens, and vaccine protection against R. microplus parasitism was calculated in 70% and 75% for each infestation. In the third trial, the immunization of dogs with recombinant antigens adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide induced IgG seroconversion against all antigens, and a 36% of protection against infestation by R. sanguineus ticks in immunized animals. All formulations reduced mainly the number of engorged females recovered from infestation. The cross reactive protection induced by R. microplus derived antigens R. sanguineus tick infestation indicate that it is possible to develop a unique multicomponent vaccine against the two parasites.

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