Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Computación. Ingeniero Civil en Computación / Every time we place a bet, we implicitly trust the other participant to pay in the case we win. For this reason if we deal with people we do not know or trust, we do not bet directly with them, and instead we use a casino or other gambling sites. We expect the law or even casino reputation to help us to enforce good behavior. Cryptocurrencies made possible to store and transfer value easily without using centralized control. Given its recent popularity, many decentralized applications have been proposed and implemented on top of them. Among them, gambling. It is currently possible to safely bet with a stranger on random events using cryptocurrencies. We can bet on the value of digital dice, cards or roulette. Neither trust nor centralized entities are required. In this work we propose a protocol on top of Bitcoin to place bets on real world events in a decentralized and trustless fashion. Our protocol uses a set of oracles to bring the outcome of the event on which the bet depends into the blockchain. When a certain threshold of the oracles have reported the same outcome for the event, we unlock the winner s prize. The protocol was designed to automatically move the money to one of the players in that case, so oracles do not take control of the prize, they only decide between two possible outcomes. Economic incentives are placed to encourage good behavior on the participants. Oracles get paid if and only if they provide the right answer, where right is defined as the answer provided by the majority of them. Also, oracles are required to place a deposit to participate. This allows the protocol to establish economic penalties if the oracle fails to answer. Once the bet is placed, the prize is locked waiting for the oracles answer. Players relinquish their control over the money until the oracles decide the winner or a previously defined ti- meout expires. In case of timeout, each player gets half of the prize. Using Bitcoin scripting language, the protocol guarantees fairness and execution correctness with both, a dishonest minority of oracles as well as a dishonest peer, at least once the bet is placed. Before that a dishonest peer can cause limited economic damage to an honest player. Yet the attack produces no net gain: it costs the attacker as much as the amount of the damage done to the victim. Dishonest oracles, before the bet is placed, can cause small economic damage to both players equally, although the cost for this attack is a parameter set by the players. The protocol was implemented and run in the Bitcoin testnet using the official client to ve- rify the transactions. Our implementation is currently available as an Open Source project. Discussion on the trade off between the protocol cost and economic incentives for the par- ticipants are included in this work. We also provide a detailed cost analysis of running the protocol. We believe this work s contribution is a novel way of reasoning and deciding about real world events while integrating the outcome into the blockchain. The protocol can be ea- sily extended to resolve contract disputes and similar situations where subjective but fair resolutions are needed, all in a decentralized environment.

El objetivo principal del presente trabajo de investigación es demostrar la viabilidad de una plataforma que permite realizar intercambio de ítems, apuestas y visualizar streaming de e-sports en una sola plataforma, llamada Game Now. Gracias a la investigación realizada a hombres y mujeres de 18 a 39 años residente en Lima Metropolitana de los NSE A, B y C pertenecientes a la Población Económicamente Activa, gamers y apostantes en videojuegos, hemos podido detectar que existe una alta aceptación de esta plataforma, pues muchos investigados rescatan que la plataforma les brindaría mayor comodidad. Sin embargo, existe una preocupación constante en la seguridad, pues los usuarios constantemente estarían poniendo en juego su dinero. Por lo tanto, se realizó una planeación estratégica en donde se llevó a cabo el desarrollo del Plan de Operaciones, Plan de Recursos Humanos, Plan de Marketing, Plan Financiero y Plan de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial. En cada uno de ellos se ha contemplado el compromiso de brindar seguridad dentro de la plataforma, como en los costos adquiriendo certificaciones y firmas digitales, así como trabajar con empresas de seguridad en los procesos de cobranza; además del personal capacitado para el desarrollo de la infraestructura, información y seguridad de la plataforma. Como resultado de todo ello, considerando una inversión inicial de S/200, 000 y una proyección de las ventas positivas, el proyecto generaría valor obteniendo utilidades netas de S/26, 319, S/81, 438 y S/151, 493, para el año 2021, 2022 y 2023 respectivamente. / The main objective of this research work is to demonstrate the viability of a platform that allows trading items, bets, and streaming of e-sports on a single platform, called Game Now. Thanks to the research carried out on men and women from 18 to 39 years old residing in Metropolitan Lima of the SEL (Social Economics Level) A, B, and C belonging to the Economically Active Population. This gamers and bettors in e-sports that we´ve been able to detect, have a high acceptance of this platform because many of them recall that this new product would provide them greater comfort. However, there is a constant security concern that might have worried to the users that will be putting, constantly, their money for the service. Therefore, strategic planning was carried out where the development of the Operations Plan, Human Resources Plan, Marketing Plan, Financial Plan, and Corporate Social Responsibility Plan was carried out. In each of them, the commitment to provide security within the platform has been contemplated, such as the costs of acquiring digital certifications and signatures, as well as working with security companies in the collection processes; in addition to trained personnel for the development of the infrastructure, information and security of the platform. As a result of all this, considering an initial investment of S/ 200, 000 and a projection of positive sales, the project would generate value obtaining net profits of S/26, 319, S/81, 438 y S/151, 493, for the year 2021, 2022 and 2023 respectively. / Trabajo de investigación

El objetivo principal del presente trabajo de investigación es demostrar la viabilidad de una plataforma que permite realizar intercambio de ítems, apuestas y visualizar streaming de e-sports en una sola plataforma, llamada Game Now. Gracias a la investigación realizada a hombres y mujeres de 18 a 39 años residente en Lima Metropolitana de los NSE A, B y C pertenecientes a la Población Económicamente Activa, gamers y apostantes en videojuegos, hemos podido detectar que existe una alta aceptación de esta plataforma, pues muchos investigados rescatan que la plataforma les brindaría mayor comodidad. Sin embargo, existe una preocupación constante en la seguridad, pues los usuarios constantemente estarían poniendo en juego su dinero. Por lo tanto, se realizó una planeación estratégica en donde se llevó a cabo el desarrollo del Plan de Operaciones, Plan de Recursos Humanos, Plan de Marketing, Plan Financiero y Plan de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial. En cada uno de ellos se ha contemplado el compromiso de brindar seguridad dentro de la plataforma, como en los costos adquiriendo certificaciones y firmas digitales, así como trabajar con empresas de seguridad en los procesos de cobranza / además del personal capacitado para el desarrollo de la infraestructura, información y seguridad de la plataforma. Como resultado de todo ello, considerando una inversión inicial de S/200, 000 y una proyección de las ventas positivas, el proyecto generaría valor obteniendo utilidades netas de S/26, 319, S/81, 438 y S/151, 493, para el año 2021, 2022 y 2023 respectivamente.