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Originally presented as the author's Inaugural-Dissertation--Universität München, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (p. xv-lxix) and indexes.

Originally presented as the author's Inaugural-Dissertation--Universität München, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (p. xv-lxix) and indexes.

This thesis seeks to illuminate the nature, extent and complexity of Templar interactions with their associates, particularly non-Christians, women and Mozarabs, by examining these interactions where the most evidence exists for them---northeastern Spain. Evidence for Temple associations with both Christians and non-Christians is strongest and most prolonged here. The overall nature of these interactions was friendlier than expected in a crusading group. In fact, Templars actively competed with the secular Church, nobility and the king in the Crown of Aragon for lordship over non-Christians because non-Christians were a lucrative tax base. Some non-Christians also sought association with the Templars because the Templars were a strong, international group with friendly ties to the Aragonese kings. The Temple could therefore offer protection from other lords against excessive taxation and exploitation, and physical attack. Documentary evidence shows mutually beneficial interactions as the Temple's (and its non-Christian associates') ongoing preference over time and space. Chapter one examines Templar interactions in general, both with associates and non-associates. Chapter two looks at Templar associations in Novillas, the first Templar house founded in the Crown of Aragon. Chapter three deals with the Tortosa and the lower Ebro Valley, which has the most varied surviving Templar documentation in the areas studied. Chapter four deals with Gardeny (in Lleida/Lerida), which has the largest number of surviving documents for all of the areas in the study. Chapter five looks at Monzon and Barcelona, the main Templar houses for Aragon and Catalonia respectively. The last chapter deals with Huesca, the northernmost house in the study.

Orientadores: Paulo Miceli, Denis Menjot / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T15:01:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sales_MarianaOsueIde_D.pdf: 4559872 bytes, checksum: 19d2813975bc52adfd072cfba3b9a2de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A tese analisa das referências imperiais na política de D. Afonso V, rei do Portugal, entre 1448 e 1481. Na primeira parte, Mutação do lmperium foi estudada a dilatação jurídica de ímperium sobre os territórios marítimos adânticos e sobre domínios que os portugueses conquistaram no Norte da África. Na segunda parte, Construção do Império, analisamos como o cronista do rei, Gomes Eanes de Zurara, estabeleceu relações entre a história de Portugal e os Impérios históricos (Romano e Visigodo) e como referências bíblicas, entre elas destacamos a noção de Reino Eleito, de forte apelo universalista, constituiu referências fundamentais à política expansionista. Na terceira parte da tese, A. Restauração do Império, apresentamos a análise das pretensões imperiais do rei D. Afonso V, através da análise de dois aspectos da política externa. O casamento de sua irmã, Leonor de Portugal, com o Imperador Frederico III, Habsburgo e sua elevação ao título de imperatriz. O siêncio sobre a união nos permitiu de compreender porque o ideal imperial, cultivado pelo rei, distancia-se da referência imperial romano-germânica. Finalmente, o estudo sobre a guerra peninsular de D. Afonso contra Isabel de Castela e Fernando I de Aragão, durante o período de 1475 a 1479, explicita sua intenção de unificar a península Ibérica, reconstituindo a unidade mítica. Neste breve período, o rei reuniu todos os meios a seu alcance e tentou assumir o governo de Coroa de Castela através do casamento de Joana. Paralelamente, uma aliança feita com Luís XI, rei de França, também alimentou os planos de divisão dos territórios de Aragão, entre Portugal e França. / Abstract: This study analyses de imperial aspects of the politics of D. Afonso V, king of Portugal (1448-1481). The first part of the work is composed by the study of the dilatation of the juridical notion of imperium, concerning the atlantics and africans Portuguese possessions The second part studies how the historian of the king, Zurara, presented Portugal as an heir of the Roman and Visigoth empires and how the notion of elected kingdom, that carries a strong sense of universal monarchy, made part of the fundamental political ideals that sustained the expansion in Africa and at the Atlantic islands. At the last part, we present the imperial intents of the king through the study of his external politic with the Holy Empire and the Crown of Castile. The marriage of the sister's king, Leonor, with the emperor Frederick III, Habsburg, is the first aspect analysed. The silence about this union gave us means to understand why the ideal of Empire of the Portuguese king was very different of the roman germanic reference. Finally, we study the war between Portugal and Castile, against Isabel, the future Catholic queen, during the period 1475 and 1479. The king of Portugal tried to assume the government of the Crown, by marrying Jane, princess and heir of the Castile. Also, the plains signed between Louis XI, king of France and Afonso V, in 1475, shows that the portuguese king and French king intended to prepare a war agains Crown of Aragon and share their territories. The politic of Afonso inside Iberia explicated his aim of "re-unify" the peninsula under his control. / Doutorado / Historia / Doutor em História