No description available.

This thesis is an analysis and synthesis of the geologic and archaeological history of the Dickie Carr site, 41PR26, on Mill Creek in north central Texas. Included are analyses of the stratigraphy, sedimentary environments, and soils of the locality. A regional comparison is made with respect to the Late Quaternary geology of the upper Trinity River basin, Texas to interpret the geologic data. Two stratigraphic units were identified that record the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. The buried lower unit is comprised of terrace, floodplain, and channel deposits with extensive pedogenesis. The unit is Late Pleistocene in age and contains the remains of Mammuthus columbi. The upper stratigraphic unit is comprised of terrace and floodplain sediments with well-expressed pedogenesis. The unit is Early Holocene in age with Late Paleoindian and Late Archaic occupations. The archaeological components are compared and contrasted with documented sites from the Elm and East Forks of the Trinity River. The occupations are examined in a geoarchaeological context. The Late Paleoindian occupation is post-depositional and located in terrace deposits. The Late Archaic occupation is syndepositional and located in floodplain deposits.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Alberta, 2002. / Adviser: Charles Schweger. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Texas, May, 2007. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

Student Number : 9903519M - MSc research report - School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies - Faculty of Science / Goldsmith’s is a newly discovered fossil and archaeological site 4km south-west of the famous Sterkfontein Cave Site, in the buffer zone of the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site. It preserves one of the rare occurrences in South African fossil cave sites of stone artefacts with associated fossil fauna. Thirteen artefacts from two Stone Age cultures are represented within the site: namely the Earlier Stone Age and the Middle Stone Age. Eleven stone artefacts represent the Earlier Stone Age, dated to ca, 2-1 million years within the Sterkfontein Valley sites, while two artefacts represent the MSA. The stone tools from both cultures are not embedded in breccia and may have originated from decalcified breccias, or alternatively from slope wash. Various faunal taxa were recovered including bovids, primates, carnivores and others. Carnivores are the most highly represented, followed by bovids. Analysis of bone surface modifications indicate that the majority of the bones are slightly weathered, and some bone specimens are also abraded, suggesting that they may have accumulated through slope wash. The high frequencies of carnivore remains, including Dinofelis and a representation of most carnivore body parts, support a possible death trap scenario. The fauna suggests a palaeoenvironment with open woodland or savannah within the vicinity of a closed environment.

No description available.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 23, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.

Vestígios arqueofaunísticos resgatados em sítios arqueológicos de Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul revelaram a existência pretérita de grupos humanos caçadores-coletores generalistas, nestes Estados. Inseridos neste contexto, estão os sítios arqueológicos Maracaju 1, MS e Santa Elina, MT, caracterizados por serem abrigos sob rocha, que apresentam painéis com inscrições rupestres, e por uma quantidade de remanescentes arqueofaunísticos, associados a outros vestígios da cultura material. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho teve por objetivos (1) compreender, sob a perspectiva da arqueofauna, os padrões de subsistência das populações humanas pretéritas que ocuparam Maracaju 1, MS e Santa Elina, MT, dois abrigos em bioma de Cerrado; (2) delinear as atividades (específicas ou não) realizadas pelos grupos humanos que ocuparam estes abrigos; e, diante disso, (3) inferir a função destes abrigos para as populações pretéritas locais. Para tanto, estes registros zooarqueológicos foram estudados por meio de métodos e técnicas multidisciplinares (e.g. Taxonomia e Tafonomia experimental). Diante dos resultados deste trabalho, foi possível inferir que a caça e as atividades de subsistência, nas ocupações atribuídas aos caçadores-coletores, em Maracaju 1, ocorreram de modo sucessivo e, provavelmente, sazonal. Esta característica de ocupação fortaleceu a hipótese do elevado grau de mobilidade e das ocupações mais horizontalizadas na paisagem, característica desses grupos humanos. Do mesmo modo, a explicação mais parcimoniosa para o contexto zooarqueológico de Santa Elina, é a de que as ocupações humanas tiveram um caráter, provavelmente sazonal e ocorreram durante as alocações de recursos ligadas a outros eventos culturais, evidenciados pelos registros rupestres e pelos vestígios arqueológicos resgatados neste sítio. / Archaeofaunistic remains rescued in archaeological sites from Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul have shown the existence of generalists past hunter-gatherers groups in these states. Embedded in this context, there are the archaeological sites Maracaju 1, MS and Santa Elina, MT, characterized by being rock shelters, with rock art, and a quantity of archaeofaunistic remains, along with other traces of material culture. Facing the above, this work aimed to (1) understand, from the perspective of archaeofauna, the subsistence patterns of the people who occupied Maracaju 1, and Santa Elina, two shelters in the Cerrado biome, (2) outlining the activities (specific or not) done by human groups who occupied these shelters, and face it, (3) deduce the function of these shelters for local people. To reach that, these zooarchaeological records were studied using multidisciplinary methods and techniques (e.g. Taxonomy and Experimental taphonomy). Facing these results, it was possible to infer that hunting and subsistence activities, in occupations attributed to hunters-gatherers in Maracaju 1, occurred in successive and probably seasonal context. This occupation characteristic has strengthened the hypothesis of the high degree of mobility and more horizontalised occupations in the landscape, characteristic of these human groups. Similarly, the most parsimonious explanation for the zooarchaeological context of Santa Elina, is that the human occupation, probably had a seasonal character and occurred during the resources allocation related to other cultural events, evidenced by the rock art and the archaeological remains rescued in this site.

Vestígios arqueofaunísticos resgatados em sítios arqueológicos de Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul revelaram a existência pretérita de grupos humanos caçadores-coletores generalistas, nestes Estados. Inseridos neste contexto, estão os sítios arqueológicos Maracaju 1, MS e Santa Elina, MT, caracterizados por serem abrigos sob rocha, que apresentam painéis com inscrições rupestres, e por uma quantidade de remanescentes arqueofaunísticos, associados a outros vestígios da cultura material. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho teve por objetivos (1) compreender, sob a perspectiva da arqueofauna, os padrões de subsistência das populações humanas pretéritas que ocuparam Maracaju 1, MS e Santa Elina, MT, dois abrigos em bioma de Cerrado; (2) delinear as atividades (específicas ou não) realizadas pelos grupos humanos que ocuparam estes abrigos; e, diante disso, (3) inferir a função destes abrigos para as populações pretéritas locais. Para tanto, estes registros zooarqueológicos foram estudados por meio de métodos e técnicas multidisciplinares (e.g. Taxonomia e Tafonomia experimental). Diante dos resultados deste trabalho, foi possível inferir que a caça e as atividades de subsistência, nas ocupações atribuídas aos caçadores-coletores, em Maracaju 1, ocorreram de modo sucessivo e, provavelmente, sazonal. Esta característica de ocupação fortaleceu a hipótese do elevado grau de mobilidade e das ocupações mais horizontalizadas na paisagem, característica desses grupos humanos. Do mesmo modo, a explicação mais parcimoniosa para o contexto zooarqueológico de Santa Elina, é a de que as ocupações humanas tiveram um caráter, provavelmente sazonal e ocorreram durante as alocações de recursos ligadas a outros eventos culturais, evidenciados pelos registros rupestres e pelos vestígios arqueológicos resgatados neste sítio. / Archaeofaunistic remains rescued in archaeological sites from Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul have shown the existence of generalists past hunter-gatherers groups in these states. Embedded in this context, there are the archaeological sites Maracaju 1, MS and Santa Elina, MT, characterized by being rock shelters, with rock art, and a quantity of archaeofaunistic remains, along with other traces of material culture. Facing the above, this work aimed to (1) understand, from the perspective of archaeofauna, the subsistence patterns of the people who occupied Maracaju 1, and Santa Elina, two shelters in the Cerrado biome, (2) outlining the activities (specific or not) done by human groups who occupied these shelters, and face it, (3) deduce the function of these shelters for local people. To reach that, these zooarchaeological records were studied using multidisciplinary methods and techniques (e.g. Taxonomy and Experimental taphonomy). Facing these results, it was possible to infer that hunting and subsistence activities, in occupations attributed to hunters-gatherers in Maracaju 1, occurred in successive and probably seasonal context. This occupation characteristic has strengthened the hypothesis of the high degree of mobility and more horizontalised occupations in the landscape, characteristic of these human groups. Similarly, the most parsimonious explanation for the zooarchaeological context of Santa Elina, is that the human occupation, probably had a seasonal character and occurred during the resources allocation related to other cultural events, evidenced by the rock art and the archaeological remains rescued in this site.

The archaeological record varies with the fluvial style and sedimentation of a river, thus controlling the location, preservation, and recognition of archaeological sites. This project identifies archaeological site patterning and preservation along a fluvial system in Iowa that has been relatively stable since the last glaciation. The Upper Des Moines River in Iowa formed approximately 12,500 yr. cal BP as an englacial channel routing glacial meltwater south along the Des Moines Lobe. During the last glacial retreat, the channel incised forming what is now called the High Terrace (TH). Early post-glacial occupations in Iowa would have had access to this the high terrace and uplands. Thus, the Paleoindian and early to middle Archaic site distributions along the Upper Des Moines River are found in upland and upper terrace locations. The intermediate terrace (TI) formed between 4000 and 1000 yr. cal BP and represents the elevation of the river flood plain during this period. Late Archaic people had access to this surface as well as the TH and uplands. By 1000 yr. cal BP, the Upper Des Moines River had eroded down to bedrock and established a floodplain at the level of the lower terrace. Subsequent erosion produced the modern channel configuration with an established series of dated terraces (High Terrace (TH), Intermediate Terrace (TI), and Low Terrace (TL)). The Woodland period peoples would have had access to the current/modern fluvial landscape. To assess site locations strategies of populations that inhabited the Upper Des Moines River valley in the Holocene, 721 archaeological sites were examined and classified using site reports and artifacts as Paleoindian, Archaic, Woodland, Historic and Unknown. The sites were then mapped and associated with geomorphic features in the valley. As expected, Paleoindian sites and Early to Middle Archaic sites were all located on the upper terrace and uplands because the intermediate and lower terraces had not yet formed. Late Archaic people had access to the floodplain that formed intermediate terrace as well as the uplands and upper terrace. Woodland period sites occurred on high (upland and TH), intermediate (TI), and low (TL and floodplain) elevation landforms along the river. The study demonstrated there was a preference for burials/ceremonial sites being placed at higher elevations (TI and higher) and habitation sites being placed at lower elevations (TL and current floodplain) near the main river channel.