Art conservation and restoration on ancient works are continuously involving new types of technologies. These trends are mostly taking place in Europe, especially Florence because it is the foremost leading city of art restoration, and has the most capable and devoted fresco restorers in Italy. This study contributes to the scholarly discourse of advances in art restoration involving computers and nanotechnology, and promotes the use of technology in the field of art. The crux of the paper focuses on the Brancacci Chapel fresco cycle restoration throughout the span of several years. This project is important to the research of art restoration primarily because it has undergone several different methods of repair. This is probably due to the fact that the chapel was subject to a fire in 1771 t as well as the Florence flood of 1966. This thesis examines the different viewpoints of art scholars regarding the implementation of nanoscicence and computers in the field and sheds light on restorations done on recent works and the incorporation of nanotechnology in American museums.