Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Purpose of the study The purpose of the study was to find out the effectiveness of Life Orientation (LO) as a life skills programme in the school curriculum in meeting the needs and challenges of the youth. Learners from the ages of 16 to 24 in the Further Education Training (FET) sector that is, from grade 10 to 12 in the Hewu area Secondary School in Queenstown District were used as a case study. Research design A descriptive research design using a quantitative approach was used in the study. Data collection Data was collected from learners through questionnaires and from teachers through a focus group discussion. The learners and LO teachers from Ekuphumleni, Funda, Hewu, Nomphumelelo and Sovuke Sikhanye Secondary Schools were used as a study sample. Findings Almost all the learners, 90 %, found LO effective in meeting their needs and challenges. LO has helped them to resist peer pressure, saying no to negative and risky behaviour, and to cope with difficult situations like the loss of loved ones. The LO teachers as well found the programme helpful and relevant in meeting the needs and challenges of the youth. However, the LO teachers observed that although the programme was helpful and relevant, the expected attitudes and behaviour of learners contradict what the programme was offering. This disparity can be attributed to the social ills in the community, such as substance abuse, domestic violence, incest, unemployment, poverty and the negative influence of the media. Conclusion The finding of the study has shown that although the learners and LO teachers find the programme relevant and useful in addressing the needs and challenges of the learners, there are so many social ills within the community that destruct and derail the learners hence creating a disparity between what is said about the programme versus the behaviour and attitude that is displayed. This disparity calls for a discourse between teachers and parents, as well as with the community leaders, pastors and other stakeholders. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Doel van die studie Die doel van die studie was om die doeltreffendheid van Lewensoriëntering as 'n lewensvaardigheidsprogram in die skoolkurrikulum vir die behoeftes en uitdagings van die jeug, te bepaal. Leerders van die ouderdomme van16 tot 24 in die Verdere Onderwys en Opleiding (VOO) sektor vanaf graad 10 tot 12 in die Hewu area Sekondêre Skool in Queenstown-distrik is gebruik as 'n gevalle studie. Navorsingsontwerp 'n Beskrywende navorsingsontwerp met behulp van ’n kwantitatiewe benadering is gebruik in die studie. Data-insameling Data van leerders is deur middel van vraelyste ingesamel en van onderwysers deur middel van 'n fokusgroepbespreking. Die leerders en die LO-onderwysers van Ekuphumleni, Funda, Hewu, Nomphumelelo en Sovuke Sikhanye hoër skole is gebruik as 'n steekproefbevolking. Resultate Byna al die leerders, 90 % vind LOeffektief om aan hulle behoeftes en uitdagings te voldoen. LOhet gehelp om hulle groepsdruk te weerstaan, nee te sê vir negatiewe en gewaagde gedrag, en om moeilike situasies soos die verlies van geliefdes te hanteer. Die LO-onderwysers vind ook die program nuttig en relevant deurdat dit voldoen aan die behoeftes en uitdagings van die jeug. Die LO-onderwysers het egter opgemerk dat alhoewel die program nuttig en relevant is, die verwagte houdings en gedrag van leerders in teenstelling hiermee is. Hierdie teenstrydigheid kan toegeskryf word aan die maatskaplike euwels in die gemeenskap, soos dwelmmisbruik, gesinsgeweld, bloedskande, werkloosheid, armoede en die negatiewe invloed van die media. Gevolgtrekking Die bevinding van die studie het getoon dat alhoewel die leerders en LO-onderwysers die program relevant en nuttig vind in die aanspreek van die behoeftes en uitdagings van die leerders, daar so baie sosiale euwels in die gemeenskap is wat die leerders vernietig en laat ontspoor, datdat daar 'n wanverhouding tussen wat gesê is oor die program versus die gedrag en houding wat vertoon word, bestaan. Vanweë hierdie teenstrydigheid word 'n beroep gedoen vir 'n diskoers tussen onderwysers en ouers, sowel as die gemeenskapleiers, pastore en ander belanghebbendes.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since the beginning of the HIV epidemic in the early 1980s, men who have sex with men (MSM) have been disproportionately affected by the virus. Sex between men is the main route of transmission of HIV in some parts of the world. In some other places it is a secondary route of transmission. Worldwide, MSM are classified as most-at-risk populations because of their higher risk of HIV transmission. Although sex between men occurs in most societies, its existence, importance in HIV prevention are frequently denied. Often, these men are neglected in HIV prevention interventions. Sexual acts between men have often been condemned and sometimes criminalized. In some countries, penalties for those accused of sexual acts between men are among the severest available. Elsewhere, even where same-sex behaviour is not illegal, there is frequently unofficial persecution by the authorities or discrimination against or stigmatisation of those men known or thought to be having sexual relations with other men. For these reasons, in many parts of the world, sex between men is hidden or secretive. This makes an assessment of its extent, and of the various types of sexual acts that occur, even more difficult. As a result of being neglected, there has been generally lack of research and services directed towards MSM. In sub-Saharan Africa, for instance, it was only over 10 years ago, in 2001, when the first behavioural survey among MSM was conducted. However, few countries have conducted such studies and MSM’s specific health needs, especially for HIV prevention, are still not being met. In most countries, like Swaziland, the HIV prevalence is still generalized. Although Swaziland bears the burden the highest HIV prevalence in the world at 26% for the age group 15-49 (UNAIDS, 2010), interventions to MSM and other most-at-risk populations are limited. The study’s main aim was to identify the prevention needs of MSM in Swaziland. A total of 50 MSM were interviewed in order to find information. In addition, five key informants who were managers of HIV prevention programmes were also interviewed. It was established that there is a gap between the MSM’s needs and the interventions currently available. There were factors that put MSM at risk for HIV infection that were identified by the study. It was established that some of the HIV prevention did not meet the specific needs and expectations of MSM. Knowledge on some HIV risk behaviours and some prevention strategies targeting MSM was limited. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sedert die begin van die MIV-epidemie in die vroeë 1980's, het die mans wat seks het met mans (MSM) is buite verhouding beïnvloed deur die virus. Seks tussen mans is die belangrikste roete van die oordrag van MIV in sommige dele van die wêreld. In sommige ander plekke is dit is 'n sekondêre roete van oordrag. Wêreldwyd, MSM word geklassifiseer as die meeste-at-Risk bevolking as gevolg van hul hoër risiko van MIV-oordrag. Alhoewel seks tussen mans in die meeste samelewings voorkom, word dikwels sy bestaan, belang in MIV-voorkoming geweier. Dikwels word hierdie manne verwaarloos in MIV-voorkoming intervensies. Seksuele dade tussen mans dikwels veroordeel en soms gekriminaliseer. In sommige lande, strawwe vir diegene wat beskuldig word van seksuele dade tussen mans is onder die ergste beskikbaar. Elders, selfs waar van dieselfde geslag gedrag nie onwettig is nie, is daar dikwels nie-amptelike vervolging deur die owerhede of diskriminasie of stigmatisering van daardie manne wat bekend is of gedink word om seksuele verhoudings met ander mans. Vir hierdie redes, seks tussen mans, in baie dele van die wêreld is verborge of geheimsinnig. Dit maak 'n assessering van die omvang, en van die verskillende tipes van seksuele dade wat plaasvind, nog moeiliker. As 'n gevolg van verwaarloos, is daar gewoonlik gebrek aan navorsing en dienste gerig op MSM. In sub-Sahara Afrika, byvoorbeeld, dit was net meer as 10 jaar gelede, in 2001, toe die eerste gedrags-opname onder MSM is uitgevoer. Egter, het 'n paar lande uitgevoer sodanige studies en MSM se spesifieke gesondheid behoeftes, veral vir MIV-voorkoming, is nog steeds nie bereik word nie. In die meeste lande, soos Swaziland, die voorkoms van MIV is nog steeds algemene. Hoewel Swaziland dra die las om die hoogste voorkoms van MIV in die wêreld op 26% vir die ouderdomsgroep 15-49 (UNAIDS, 2010), intervensies MSM en ander die meeste-op-risiko bevolkings is beperk. Die studie se hoofdoel was om die voorkoming van MSM te identifiseer in Swaziland. 'N totaal van 50 MSM is ondervra ten einde inligting te vind. Daarbenewens is ook vyf sleutel informante wat bestuurders van die voorkoming van MIV-programme ondervra. Daar is vasgestel dat daar is 'n gaping tussen die MSM se behoeftes en die intervensies wat tans beskikbaar is. Daar is faktore wat sit MSM 'n risiko vir MIV-infeksie wat deur die studie geïdentifiseer is. Daar is vasgestel dat sommige van die MIV-voorkoming het nie voldoen aan die spesifieke behoeftes en verwagtinge van MSM. Kennis op 'n aantal MIV-risiko gedrag en 'n paar voorkoming strategieë fokus MSM is beperk.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to establish the factors that influence young men to attend and access HIV education programme in order to improve young men’s focus on HIV education programme and to increase young men’s involvement with HIV prevention initiatives. The researcher used the qualitative research method to establish factors why young men were not attending HIV education programmes in Mogale City, Gauteng. It was found that young men are willing to attend HIV education programme that are innovative, interesting and will meet their sexual and reproductive health needs. Although they are willing to attend HIV education programmes, young men are scared of the reality of visiting clinics for testing, because clinics perpetuate stigma by separating HIV counselling and testing rooms and healthcare provider attitudes towards young men. They would also like to be part of the planning process to ensure that HIV education programmes are tailored to their needs. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die oogmerk van die studie was om die faktore te bepaal wat jongmans beïnvloed om MIV-opvoedingsprogramme by te woon en toegang daartoe te verkry, ten einde jongmans se fokus op MIV-opvoedingsprogramme te verbeter en jongmans se betrokkenheid by MIV-voorkomingsinisiatiewe te verhoog. Die navorser het die kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetode gebruik om die faktore te bepaal waarom jongmans nie MIV-opvoedingsprogramme in Mogale City, Gauteng, bywoon nie. Daar is gevind dat jongmans bereid was om MIV-opvoedingsprogramme by te woon wat innoverend en interessant is en aan hulle seksuele en reproduktiewe gesondheidsbehoeftes sal voldoen. Alhoewel hulle bereid was om MIVopvoedingsprogramme by te woon, is jongmans bang vir die werklikheid daarvan om klinieke vir toetsing te besoek, omdat klinieke stigma perpetueer deur MIVberadingskamers en toetskamers van mekaar te skei; en vanweë gesondheidsorgverskaffers se houding teenoor jongmans. Hulle wil ook graag deel wees van die beplanningsproses om te verseker dat MIV-opvoedingsprogramme volgens hulle behoeftes aangepas word.

Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: When considering the attitude of a workforce towards their work and ways of increasing their motivation, attention must be given to their culture. Attitudes within In this study the influence of culture on the implementation of ergonomics was studied with specific reference to the transfer of technology in developing countries. Cultural diversity factors such as language/communication, religious beliefs, anthropometrics, educational background time, ethnicity values, attitude and values was measured using a specially designed questionnaire. It was completed by eighteen managers representing seven large industries in the Mpumalanga province. The cultural factor with the highest significance was 'time'. Others with high significance were educational background, attitude, language/communication and values. Ethnicity values, anthropometrics and religious beliefs were cultural factors which was not considered to be significant, however the population was very small and it is considered that they do contribute towards the implementation of ergonomICS. Training, imported technology and management are external factors, which make a useful and practical contribution to the subject of Ergonomics and the implementation thereof in organizations. If understood, cultural factors provide a much richer environment and different viewpoints, which can increase productivity by the effective use of technology. an organization are due to the attitudes that exist in the culture from which the members of the organization have come. Management practices, therefore, must cope with the attitudes and prejudices of the cultures within the organization. These cultures have been influenced by many factors like religious doctrine and history, not primarily concerned with the efficiency and productivity of the organization. Ergonomics aim at the optimization of the interaction between human and machine and the operating environment. This can provide the information necessary to promote an acceptable and efficient interaction between human-machine and environment in any form of a human-at-work system. In the process of technology transfer from Industrial Developed Countries to Industrial Developing Countries, emphasis is laid on economic progress. Although improvement of the economic situation and the standard of living is important to achieve, neglecting ergonomic considerations is both economically expensive and socially disturbing, thus creating negative effects in the country acquiring the technology. Ergonomics serve as a link between human factor considerations and the transfer of technology. A comprehensive systems model of Ergonomics was used, which indicates the interaction between facets emphasizing information as a core dynamic process, which can be useful to ensure optimality of choices of technology. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Wanneer 'n werkerskorps ondersoek word met betrekking tot hul houdings teenoor werk en wyses om hul motivering te verhoog, moet aandag geskenk word aan hul kultuur. Houdings binne 'n organisasie ontstaan uit houdings wat reeds bestaan in die kultuur waaruit lede van die organisasie oorspronklik kom. Bestuurspraktyke moet die houdinge en bevooroordelings van kulture binne die organisasie hanteer. Hierdie kulture is beYnvloed deur vele faktore soos geloofsdoktrines en geskiedenis wat nie primer gerig is op die effektiwiteit en produktiwiteit van die organisasie nie. Ergonomika het ten doel die optimisering van die interaksie tussen mens en masjien en die omgewing van funksionering, wat die nodige inligting kan voorsien wat nodig is om aanvaarbare en effektiewe interaksie te bewerkstellig tussen mens, masjien en die omgewing ten opsige van enige mens-by-sy-werk sisteem. In die proses van tegnologiese oordrag vanaf Industriele Ontwikkelde Lande na Industriele Ontwikkelende Lande, word klem gele op ekonomiese vooruitgang. Alhoewel verbetering van die ekonomiese situasie en 'n verhoging van die standaard van lewe belangrik is om te bereik, sal die verwaardlosing van ergonomiese oorwegings beide ekonomies duur en sosiaal verontrustend wees en gevolglik negatiewe effekte veroorsaak binne die land wat die tegnologie moet verkry. Ergonomika dien as 'n skakel tussen die menslike faktor oorwegings en die oordrag van tegnologie. 'n Omvattende sisteem model van Ergonomika dui op die interaksie tussen belangrike fasette van inligting as 'n dinamiese kern proses wat bruikbaar kan wees by die optimisering van keuses van tegnologie. In hierdie studie word die invloed van kulturele faktore op die implementering van ergonomika bestudeer met spesifieke verwysing na die oordrag van tegnologie. Kulturele diversiteitsfaktore soos taal/kommunikasie, gelowe, antropometrie, opvoedkundige agtergrond, tyd, etniese waardes, houding en waardes is gemeet deur 'n spesiaal ontwerpte vraelys. Dit is voltooi deur agtien bestuurders wat sewe groot industriee in die Mpumalanga provinsie verteenwoordig. Die kulturele faktor wat as die mees beduidend gemeet het is 'tyd'. Ander beduidende faktore is opvoedkundige agtergrond, houdings, taal/kommunikasie en waardes. Nie beduidende faktore naamlik, etnisiteit, antropometrie en gelowe is weI beskou as bydraend in die implementering van ergonomika aangesien die populasie wat gemeet is as relatief klein beskou kan word en moontlik in 'n groter populasie as beduidend kon meet. Opleiding, ingevoerde tegnologie en bestuur is eksterne faktore wat 'n waardevolle en praktiese bydrae maak tot die vakgebied en die implementering van Ergonomika. Kulturele diversiteit voorsien 'n ryk omgewing met verskillende uitgangspunte en indien dit verstaan word kan dit lei tot verhoogde produktiwiteit deur verbeterde gebruik van tegnologie.

Thesis (MPhil (Industrial Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / This research paper investigates the need for emotional and psychosocial support for people infected and affected by HIV and AIDS in the workplace. Most employees infected and affected by HIV and AIDS, as well as their families, often need assistance to cope with stigma, rejection, and discrimination, as well as having to adjust to the diagnosis, to confront the fear of losing independence, and to prepare themselves for the changes that might happen to their lives. Hence, through counseling and support, they can have more knowledge about HIV and AIDS and reduced fears and misconceptions about living with HIV and AIDS. Some research organizations, such as the Perinatal HIV Research Unit, do provide emotional and psychosocial support, and advice for people infected and affected by HIV and AIDS. An attitude survey was conducted with about 400 employees at the Unilever Company in Boksburg, Johannesburg, in September and October 2005 to determine whether emotional and psychosocial support could play a role in motivating people infected and affected by HIV and AIDS to live positively with the virus, in eliminating related stigma and fears. Employees from this organization were chosen as the population for this survey as a prevalence study and VCT was carried out with them in August and September 2005, so they knew and trusted the councilors who were giving results to them and they had established a relationship with them. I booked appointments for follow-up counseling sessions of 45 minutes after VCT (Voluntary Counseling and Testing) and then told them about the support group at their workplace. The findings indicate that there is indeed a need for emotional and psychosocial support for people infected and affected by HIV and AIDS in the workplace. Among other findings, respondents, especially those infected, reported that they had learned that being HIV positive is not the end of the world but the beginning as long as you look after yourself you can live a normal and productive life for many years, as long as you take extra care of yourself. Most of the affected respondents reported that they had never done an HIV test before due to their own fear of the prognosis. Having acquired more facts about HIV and AIDS, those that had not been tested stated that they now planned to do so. Both groups – those who tested negative and those who tested positive – reported that they also learned about the importance of disclosing your one’s status as a means of getting support.

Thesis (MPhil (Industrial Psychology. Africa Centre for HIV/AIDS Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Purpose of the study. The primary purpose of the study was to evaluate the referral system between CMH ART unit and its feeder sites, and assess the staff perception and patient.s satisfaction about the latter with the intention of improving and shaping it. Research design A non-experimental descriptive type of quantitative research was used in conducting a cross sectional survey to evaluate the referral system between CMH ART unit and its feeder sites. Data was collected through open and closed ended questionnaires handed to the respondents to fill and return back to the researcher. Findings The results revealed lack of management support and supervision of the system; absence of standard operative procedure to follow when down referring patients; insufficient staffing; congested waiting rooms and long waiting hours. Conclusion The down referral process began without the completion of planning with all involved stakeholders because of the pressure to implement the decision to down refer, staff at the feeder clinics although trained on ART care, but not experienced enough to manage the large influx of patients on ART were left alone to manage patients on HAART. Simple measures like communication between facility staff and patient education should be adopted to improve the system. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Doel van die studie Die primêre doel van die studie was om die verwysing stelsel tussen die CMH ART eenheid en sy voeder werwe te evalueer, asook om die personeel se persepsie en pasiënte se tevredenheid oor die laasgenoemde te evalueer met die voorneme om dit te verbeter en verwerk. Navorsingsontwerp 'n Nie-eksperimentele beskrywende aard van kwantitatiewe navorsing is gebruik in die uitvoering van' n kruis deursnee-opname om die verwysing stelsel tussen CMH ART eenheid en sy voeder werwe te evalueer Data is ingesamel deur middel van oop en geslote geëindig vraelyste uitgedeel aan die respondente om in te vul en terug te keer na die navorser. Bevindings Die resultate blyk 'n gebrek aan ondersteuning van die bestuur en beheer van die stelsel; die afwesigheid van standaard operatiewe prosedure om te volg wanneer pasiënte af verwys word; „n tekort aan personeel; oorgelaaide wagkamers en lang wag ure. Gevolgtrekking Die af verwysing proses het sonder die voltooiing van die beplanning met alle betrokke belanghebbendes begin as gevolg van die druk om die uitvoering van die besluit om af te verwys te implementeer. Personeel by die voeder klinieke, alhoewel opgelei in ART sorg, maar sonder die nodige onderving om die groot instroming van ART pasiënte te behandel, was alleen gelos om die pasiënte op HAART te behandel. Eenvoudige maatreëls soos die kommunikasie tussen die fasiliteit personeel en die opvoeding van pasiente sal moet goedgekeur word om die stelsel te verbeter.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: An alarming rate of HIV/AIDS in the country has compelled the Government of Lesotho to make changes in the labour act; to accommodate HIV/AIDS in the workplace. In order to assist businesses in complying with the labour Act requirements, the Government put in place guidelines, aimed at assisting businesses in the development and implementation of workplace HIV/AIDS policies and programmes. However, it has been observed SMEs have not been utilising these guidelines. The purpose of the study therefore is to establish the level of knowledge SMEs have about the Government guidelines; to determine whether they have existing workplace HIV/AIDS policies; and establish the challenges SMEs face in using the guidelines to implement workplace HIV/AIDS policies and programmes; with the purpose of providing guidelines for support in the implementation of workplace HIV/AIDS policies. The results show 46.7% and 46% of employers and employees respectively is not aware of the guidelines. There were only five managers who indicated they have policy in place. Only 21 employees were aware of the existence of HIV/AIDS workplace policies at their work. There were various challenges that were stipulated by the SMEs. Some businesses pointed out they did have the expertise and financial strength to develop and implement HIV/AIDS workplace policies. Further it was stated the guidelines were not clear, therefore could not be put in practice. It is therefore essential to ensure training is provided to SMEs and their employees; to ensure they do understand what is required of them. It is also imperative to make sure those who are in financial need are also assisted. The other important aspect that needs to be addressed during training is why HIV/AIDS should be treated as a workplace issue. This will enlighten SMEs on the importance of developing and implementing workplace policies and programmes. Thus they will understand the benefits of effective management of HIV/AIDS in the workplace; which can be brought about by effective HIV/AIDS policies and programmes. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ‘n Kommerwekkende koers van MIV/VIGS in die land het die Lesotho regering gedwing om veranderinge in die Arbeids wet aan te bring, om sodoende MIV/VIGS in die werkplek te akkomodeer. Om besighede te help om die Arbeids wet se riglyne na te kom, het die regering sekere riglyne in plek gestel wat daarop gemik is om MIV/VIGS programme te ontwikkel en implementeer in die werkplek. Dit is egter opgemerk dat KMG ondernemings nie die riglyne toe pas nie. Die doel van die studie is dus om vas te stel wat die vlak van kennis die KMG’s het in verband met die regering se riglyne; of hulle enige bestaande MIV/VIGS beleide in plek het en om die eise wat die implementering van die riglyne om ‘n MIV/VIGS beleid in die werkplek stel. Die doel is dus om die riglyne te voorsien wat die implementering van werkplek MIV/VIGS beleid ondersteun. Die resultate toon dat 46.7% en 46% van werkgewers en werknemers onderskeidelik, nie bewus is van die riglyne nie. Daar was slegs 5 bestuurders wat aangedui het dat daar wel ‘n beleid in plek is. Net 21 werknemers was bewus van die MIV/VIGS beleid by hul werk. Verskeie uitdagings is deur die KMG’s uitgewys. Sommige besighede het aangedui dat hulle wel die kennis en finansies om die MIV/VIGS beleid te ontwikkel en te implementer. Verder is ook aangedui dat die riglyne nie duidelik is nie en daarom nie geimplementeer kon word nie. Dit is daarom noodsaaklik om te verseker dat opleiding verskaf word aan die KMG’s en hul werknemers, om te verseker dat hulle verstaan wat van hulle verwag word. Ook is dit noodsaaklik dat persone wat finansiele hulp benodig ondersteun moet word. ‘n Ander belangrike aspek wat aangespreek moet word tydens opleiding is hoe MIV/VIGS behandel moet word in die werkplek. Dit sal vir KMG’s verlig hoe belangrik die ontwikkeling en implementeering van werkplak beleid en programme is. Sodoende sal hulle die voordele van effektiewe bestuur van MIV/VIGS in die werkplek, wat deur effektiewe MIV/VIGS beleid en programme te weeg gebring kan word, beter verstaan.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The national Department of Education prioritised their HIV/AIDS response; implementing HIV/AIDS education within the subject Life Orientation for all phases. The study focuses on establishing how teachers perceive HIV/AIDS education since their perceptions affect effective implementation of related content. A qualitative research approach was use for data collection from a sample of 16 teachers at Kylemore High School; convenience sampling technique was used. The data collection method was semi-structured individual interviews together with qualitative content analysis. Discussions of the findings was based on the following themes: The research environment, demographic profile of the participants, career and education background of participants, the school environment and HIV/AIDS, the HIV/AIDS knowledge of participants and the concept of HIV/AIDS education. Findings indicate the different perceptions of teachers, which are impacted by various factors. Teachers were unanimous regarding the importance and needfulness of HIV/AIDS education. Recommendations were subsequently made that will influence how teachers perceive this content. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die nasionale Departement van Onderwys het hul MIV/VIGS reaksie geprioritiseer; implimentering van MIV/VIGS onderwys binne die vak Lewensorientering vir alle fases. Die studie is gefokus daarop om vas te stel hoe onderwysers MIV/VIGS onderwys bespeur, siende dat hul persepsies effektiewe implimentering van verwante inhoud affekteer. `n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering was gebruik vir data invordering van `n steekproef van 16 onderwysers by Kylemore Hoërskool, gerieflikheidsteekproefneming tegniek was gebruik. Die data invorderingsmetode was semi-gestruktureerde individuele onderhoude tesame met kwalitatiewe inhoud analise. Besprekings van die bevindinge sal gebaseer wees op die volgende temas: die navorsingsomgewing, demografiese profiel van die deelnemers, loopbaan en opvoeding agtergrond van deelnemers, die skoolomgwewing en MIV/VIGS, die MIV/VIGS kennis van deelnemers en die konsep MIV/VIGS onderwys. Bevindinge dui aan die verskillende persepsies van onderwysers, wat geimpakteer word deur verskeie faktore. Onderwysers was eenparig rakende die belangrikheid en nodigheid van MIV/VIGS onderwys. Aanbevelings was gevolglik gemaak wat `n invloed sal hê hoe onderwysers die inhoud bespeur.

Thesis (MPhil--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The incidence of HIV/AIDS in Botswana is one of the largest in the world taking its toll on many lives and posing developmental challenges to the nation. Nearly 25% of the population is living with HIV and 14% are newly infected; AIDS is acknowledged as the major cause of death. Most HIV and AIDS studies have been dominated by surveillance, biomedical and ethical methodologies. These approaches failed to stem the tide of HIV infection because they did not follow-up with the tracking of risky behaviours and the underlying causes of the behaviours. This research scrutinized socio-economic factors in relation to the spread of the epidemic. Available literature showed that little or no attention has been paid to the socio-economic backgrounds in which individuals exist in connection with understanding HIV and AIDS. This study used an economic model of risky sexual behaviour to explore the link between socio-economic status and the practice of HIV self-protective/preventive behaviours in Maruapula, Gaborone, Botswana. The research is vital as it goes beyond surveillance in an effort to establish why the community of the study is susceptible to HIV infection. This research l used both collected data and that from BAIS II. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die navorsing is oor die verhouding tussen sosio-ekonomiese status en die praktyk van MIV self-protective/preventive gedrag binne Maruapula distrik. Die doel van die studie is om vas te stel of daar 'n verband tussen sosio-ekonomiese status en die praktyk van MIV-voorkomende gedrag onder die inwoners, van Maruapula, Gaborone, Botswana. Data is ingesamel deur die gebruik van vraelyste en die ontleding van die statistiek het getoon dat die is geen verwantskap tussen sosio-ekonomiese status en die praktyk van MIV self-protective/preventive gedrag onder die inwoners. Aanbevelings gebaseer op die bevindinge is gemaak met betrekking tot MIV-voorkoming in die woongebied in die besonder en in die land in die algemeen.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of peer educators and university students, on whether the Peer Education-HIV/AIDS Prevention Programme has made an impact on the behavioural change of the recipients of the module as compared to the non-recipients. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using stratified sampling design among peer educators and students to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of peer educators and students. Participants were selected from Tshwane University of Technology campuses in Pretoria, Soshanguve and Ga-rankuwa. The study was conducted among 300 participants; 150 peer educators and 150 students. Informed consent was provided with each structured questionnaire. Findings and Discussion: Three quarters of the respondents in this study were females. This is consistent with many other studies of HIV/AIDS among students. The response rate in this study was 68% and was higher than the 45% of the Namibian Polytechnic students who participated in the KAP surveys of HIV/AIDS (De Beer et al., 2012). Mean knowledge levels of HIV/AIDS in this study were slightly higher among peer educators (92%) than among students (90%). Peer educators had more positive attitudes towards HIV/AIDS than students in knowing someone who is HIV+ (78% vs. 67%) and sharing a desk with a PLHIV (97% vs. 95%). On whether HIV+ children should mix with others, attitude levels were the same (92% vs. 92%). Better practices were observed on peer educators vs. students - more peer educators (87%) than students (75%) said they always used a condom when they have sex. Conclusion and Recommendations: Knowledge, attitudes and practices of HIV/AIDS are high among peer educators and students at Tshwane University of Technology and it is recommended that the Peer Education-HIV/AIDS Prevention Programme at TUT should continue giving attention to changing attitudes and practices among peer educators and other learners. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Inleiding: Die doel van die studie is om die kennis, houding en praktyke van Portuur Voorligters te assesseer, oor die vraag of die eweknie-opvoedkundige MIV/VIGS Voorkoming program 'n impak het op die gedrags verandering van die ontvangers van die module in vergelyking met die nie-ontvangers Metodes: 'n Deursnee-opname is uitgevoer deur gebruik te maak van gestratifiseerde steekproefneming ontwerp onder eweknie-opvoeders en studente om die kennis, houding en praktyke van eweknie-opvoeders en studente te assesseer. Deelnemers is gekies uit die Tshwane Universiteit van Tegnologie kampusse in Pretoria, Soshanguve en Ga-Rankuwa. Die studie is gedoen onder 300 deelnemers, 150 portuuropvoeders en 150 studente. Ingeligte toestemming is voorsien met elke gestruktureerde vraelys. Bevindings en bespreking: Driekwart van die respondente in hierdie studie was vroulik. Dit is in ooreenstemming met baie ander studies van MIV/VIGS onder studente. Die reaksie in hierdie studie was 68% en hoër as die 45% van die Namibiese Polytechnic studente wat deelgeneem het aan die KAP opnames van MIV/VIGS (De Beer et al, 2012). Middel kennis vlakke van MIV/VIGS in hierdie studie was effens hoër onder eweknie-opvoeders (92%) as onder studente (90%). Eweknie-opvoeders in hierdie studie het meer positiewe houdings teenoor MIV/VIGS as studente in die kennis van iemand wat MIV + is (78% vs. 67%), die deel van 'n lessenaar met 'n PLHIV (97% vs. 95%) en of HIV + kinders moet meng met ander (92% vs. 92%). Beter praktyke is waargeneem op portuuropvoeders teen oor studente, meer portuuropvoeders (87%) as studente (75%) het gesê hulle het altyd 'n kondoom gebruik wanneer jy seks het. Gevolgtrekking en aanbevelings: Bewustheid, kennis, positiewe houdings en praktyke van MIV/VIGS is hoog onder eweknie-opvoeders en studente by die Tshwane Universiteit van Tegnologie en aanbevelings sal aangespreek word aan die einde van die studie.