Inaug.-diss-Bern. / Sonderabdruck aus der "Zeitschrift für tiermedizin," bd. XVIII. Lebenslauf. "Literatur": p. [48]-49.

Thesis (M.Sc.D.)--Boston University School of Graduate Dentistry, 1965. Periodontology. / Bibliography included.

Thesis (MMedVet (Medicine))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print format.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-10-05Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:30:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pimenta_elm_me_botfmvz.pdf: 1285816 bytes, checksum: df2d9be4750487c2d578de41e229a078 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O anticolinérgico N-butilbrometo de hioscina (hioscina), por resultar em ação depressora da motilidade intestinal de curta duração, pode representrar uma melhor alternativa ao sulfato de atropina (atropina) no tratamento da bradicardia de origem vagal em eqüinos. Os efeitos hemodinâmicos e gastrointestinais da hioscina e da atropina foram comparados em eqüinos através de um modelo de bradicardia induzida pela detomidina. Seis cavalos adultos (391±47 kg) receberam detomidina (0,02 mg/kg IV) em 3 ocasiões distintas com intervalo mínimo de 1 semana entre os tratamentos. Dez minutos após a administração da detomidina foram administradas pela via intravenosa solução salina de NaCl a 0,9% (controle), atropina (0,02mg/kg) ou hioscina (0,2mg/kg). Escores de auscultação intestinal [0 (ausência de sons) a 16 (sons intestinais normais)], determinados por 2 avaliadores que desconheciam o tratamento e as variáveis cardiorrespiratórios foram avaliadas por 24 horas e 90 minutos após a administração da detomidina, respectivamente. O trânsito gastrointestinal foi monitorado por 96 horas através da detecção de cromo em matéria fecal seca. Para análise dos dados foi utilizado delineamento em parcelas subdivididas com teste ajustado para Tukey ou teste Kruskall-Wallis seguido de Dunn (p < 0.05). No tratamento controle a detomidina diminuiu a frequência cardíaca (FC) e o índice cardíaco (IC) em relação aos valores basais por 30 e 60 minutos, respectivamente. A FC (bat/min) aumentou acima dos valores basais aos 5 minutos após a administração da atropina (79±5) e da hioscina (75±8), permanecendo reduzida após a administração de salina (29±8). A partir deste momento a FC foi significativamente maior no grupo atropina em comparação aos demais tratamentos; enquanto a hioscina resultou em valores intermediários de FC (menores que no tratamento atropina e maiores... / The anticholinergic hyoscine-N-butylbromide (hyoscine), because of its shorter acting gastrointestinal motility depressant effects, may represent a better alternative to the use of atropine sulphate (atropine) in the treatment of vagally mediated bradycardia in horses. The hemodynamic and gastrointestinal effects of hyoscine and atropine were compared in model of bradycardia induced by detomidine. Six adult horses (391±47 kg) received detomidine (0.02 mg kg-1, intravenously) on 3 occasions (1-week washout intervals among experiments). Ten minutes after detomidine, physiological saline (control), atropine (0.02 mg kg-1), or hyoscine (0.2 mg kg-1) were administered intravenously. Intestinal auscultation scores [range: 0 (absent sounds) to 16 (normal intestinal sounds)], determined by 2 blinded evaluators, and cardiopulmonary data were monitored for 24 hours and 90 minutes after detomidine, respectively. Gastrointestinal transit was assessed for 96 hours via detection of chromium in dry feces. A split-plot design and a Tukey-Kramer test, or a Kruskall-Wallis and a Dunn’s test analyzed data were appropriate (p < 0.05). In the control treatment, detomidine decreased heart rate (HR) and cardiac index (CI) from baseline for 30 and 60 minutes, respectively. Heart rate (beats minute-1) increased above baseline 5 minutes after atropine (79±5) and hyoscine (75±8) but not after saline (29±8). After this time, HR after atropine was higher in comparison to the other treatments; while hyoscine resulted in intermediate HR values (lower than atropine but higher than controls). Hyoscine and atropine resulted in higher CI than controls for 5 and 20 minutes, respectively; but this effect coincided with a significant hypertensive response (mean arterial pressure > 200 mmHg). Auscultation scores decreased from baseline in all treatments. Times to return to auscultation scores... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

There have been two pathways postulated for the biogenesis of tropic acid in Datura stramonium. The first of these, involving the amino acid tryptophan, was proposed by Goodeve and Ramstad¹³. The second utilizes another amino acid, in this case phenylalanine, and was put forward by Leete¹⁵ and independently by Underhill and Youngken Jr.¹⁶. Since there have been these two mechanisms postulated for the biogenesis of tropic acid in this plant, one must conclude that either the two amino acids act via a common pathway or that there are in fact two separate mechanisms for tropic acid biogenesis. The purpose of this investigation was to distinguish between these two possibilities. Tryptophan-3-C¹⁴, tryptophan-(2-indolyl)-C¹⁴, indoleacetic acid-2-C¹⁴, phenylalanine-3-C¹⁴, and uniformly ring labelled phenylalanine-C¹⁴, were fed to separate, one week old, sterile, root tissue cultures of Datura stramonium. The time allowed for the metabolism of the radio-active precursor varied from three to twenty-one days. The tissue was then extracted with ethanol and this extract subjected to two-dimensional paper chromatography. Autoradiography was employed to determine the location of labelled metabolites. These metabolites were then identified by direct comparison to authentic samples chromatographed in an identical fashion. The results of this investigation show that all of the labelled precursors do give rise to labelled tropic acid. The pathway from phenylalanine appears to be the predominate mechanism for tropic acid formation in isolated Datura stramonium root tissue. The pathway from tryptophan, although apparently playing a minor role in tropic acid biosynthesis in this tissue, was shown to be a unique and independent system for the biogenesis of this aromatic acid. It is concluded therefore that there are two separate mechanisms involved in the biogenesis of tropic acid in Datura stramonium root tissue. / Medicine, Faculty of / Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of / Graduate

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine. Johannesburg, July 2019 / Background: Cycloplegic refraction is a reliable procedure for obtaining an accurate refraction in children. Atropine is considered the gold standard, however, it does not have the properties of an ideal cycloplegic agent. Theoretically, cyclopentolate is the preferred agent and many have advocated it as an alternative. In the African population where dark irides are common there is insufficient information comparing the two agents, especially so in younger aged children. Objective: To establish if cyclopentolate is as effective as atropine in cycloplegic refraction in dark irides. Method: A prospective, sequential, paired study on patients requiring cycloplegic refraction was conducted. Each patient was refracted after the usage of cyclopentolate. Refraction was then repeated 2 weeks later after using atropine. Results: 40 patients (80 eyes) were refracted with both agents. The mean difference between the agents (atropine – cyclopentolate) was +0,14 DS (95% CI: +0.05 to +0.24; paired t-test; p=0.0027), however, the effect size was small (Cohen’s d=0.35) making it clinically insignificant. No adverse effects were reported with either of the cycloplegic agents. Conclusion: Cyclopentolate is as effective as atropine for cycloplegic refraction in dark irides and can be used as an alternative to atropine for cycloplegic refraction. / MT 2020

Thesis (Ph. D)--Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht, 1983. / Summary in Dutch. Stellingen inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1997. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [133]-142).

Thesis--Leyden. / In Periodical Room.

Orientador: Francisco José Teixeira Neto / Banca: Denise Tabacchi Fantoni / Banca: Carlos Augusto Araújo Valasco / Resumo: O anticolinérgico N-butilbrometo de hioscina (hioscina), por resultar em ação depressora da motilidade intestinal de curta duração, pode representrar uma melhor alternativa ao sulfato de atropina (atropina) no tratamento da bradicardia de origem vagal em eqüinos. Os efeitos hemodinâmicos e gastrointestinais da hioscina e da atropina foram comparados em eqüinos através de um modelo de bradicardia induzida pela detomidina. Seis cavalos adultos (391±47 kg) receberam detomidina (0,02 mg/kg IV) em 3 ocasiões distintas com intervalo mínimo de 1 semana entre os tratamentos. Dez minutos após a administração da detomidina foram administradas pela via intravenosa solução salina de NaCl a 0,9% (controle), atropina (0,02mg/kg) ou hioscina (0,2mg/kg). Escores de auscultação intestinal [0 (ausência de sons) a 16 (sons intestinais normais)], determinados por 2 avaliadores que desconheciam o tratamento e as variáveis cardiorrespiratórios foram avaliadas por 24 horas e 90 minutos após a administração da detomidina, respectivamente. O trânsito gastrointestinal foi monitorado por 96 horas através da detecção de cromo em matéria fecal seca. Para análise dos dados foi utilizado delineamento em parcelas subdivididas com teste ajustado para Tukey ou teste Kruskall-Wallis seguido de Dunn (p < 0.05). No tratamento controle a detomidina diminuiu a frequência cardíaca (FC) e o índice cardíaco (IC) em relação aos valores basais por 30 e 60 minutos, respectivamente. A FC (bat/min) aumentou acima dos valores basais aos 5 minutos após a administração da atropina (79±5) e da hioscina (75±8), permanecendo reduzida após a administração de salina (29±8). A partir deste momento a FC foi significativamente maior no grupo atropina em comparação aos demais tratamentos; enquanto a hioscina resultou em valores intermediários de FC (menores que no tratamento atropina e maiores... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The anticholinergic hyoscine-N-butylbromide (hyoscine), because of its shorter acting gastrointestinal motility depressant effects, may represent a better alternative to the use of atropine sulphate (atropine) in the treatment of vagally mediated bradycardia in horses. The hemodynamic and gastrointestinal effects of hyoscine and atropine were compared in model of bradycardia induced by detomidine. Six adult horses (391±47 kg) received detomidine (0.02 mg kg-1, intravenously) on 3 occasions (1-week washout intervals among experiments). Ten minutes after detomidine, physiological saline (control), atropine (0.02 mg kg-1), or hyoscine (0.2 mg kg-1) were administered intravenously. Intestinal auscultation scores [range: 0 (absent sounds) to 16 (normal intestinal sounds)], determined by 2 blinded evaluators, and cardiopulmonary data were monitored for 24 hours and 90 minutes after detomidine, respectively. Gastrointestinal transit was assessed for 96 hours via detection of chromium in dry feces. A split-plot design and a Tukey-Kramer test, or a Kruskall-Wallis and a Dunn's test analyzed data were appropriate (p < 0.05). In the control treatment, detomidine decreased heart rate (HR) and cardiac index (CI) from baseline for 30 and 60 minutes, respectively. Heart rate (beats minute-1) increased above baseline 5 minutes after atropine (79±5) and hyoscine (75±8) but not after saline (29±8). After this time, HR after atropine was higher in comparison to the other treatments; while hyoscine resulted in intermediate HR values (lower than atropine but higher than controls). Hyoscine and atropine resulted in higher CI than controls for 5 and 20 minutes, respectively; but this effect coincided with a significant hypertensive response (mean arterial pressure > 200 mmHg). Auscultation scores decreased from baseline in all treatments. Times to return to auscultation scores... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre