Thesis (M.ED.) --University of Limpopo, 2008. / The purpose of this study was to investigate if there is any change in the HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude, and behaviour of the South African Police Service’s (SAPS) employees after attending the HIV/AIDS intervention programme. One hundred and eight employees who attended the HIV/AIDS awareness workshop participated as experimental group (n=51) while those who attended the suicide prevention and disability workshop participated as control group (n=57). Pre-tests were administered before the workshops to all participants while the post-tests were administered after the workshops. The results were analysed using 2(Group: Experimental versus Control Group) x 2(Time: Pre-test versus Post-test, a repeated measure) Analyses of Variances (ANOVA). The research findings showed that there was a significant change in HIV/AIDS knowledge after employees have attended the HIV/AIDS awareness workshop. Results also indicated that there was a significant mean score difference in HIV/AIDS knowledge among the rank groups (Administration, Junior, and senior) with administration and junior employees having more HIV/AIDS knowledge than senior employees. There was also a significant mean score difference in HIV/AIDS attitude among ranks with employees in the senior ranks having less positive attitudes than the employees in the administration and junior ranks. There was a significant interaction between the ranks and the time of testing because those in higher ranks had higher gains in knowledge than those in lower ranks. vi In terms of HIV/AIDS knowledge among age groups, the study revealed that there was a significant main effect of age group (22-33, 34-43, 44 and over years) with older people having less HIV/AIDS knowledge than younger employees. There was also a significant main effect of age group and attitude, with employees of 44 years and over having less favourable HIV/AIDS attitudes than employees in the 22-33 and 34-43 years groups. The study also suggested that further study should look in the problems encountered at implementing the HIV/AIDS intervention programmes and also at what is causing the gap in HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude among age and rank groups.

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Today desires are often confused with needs. As a result, we in the so-called highly developed countries cause ourselves unnecessary unhappiness by holding ourselves up to increasingly higher standards. These standards often seem inescapable, yet a thoughtful and deeper look would immediately identify them as mostly virtual. In what brand <are you?>, reconnoitering happiness, I explore personal happiness in today???s consumer society and our emotional relationship with objects, through an experimental documentary. This hybrid documentary uses classic elements of the interview driven genre such as contrasting vox pop with professional interviews to produce the story. At the same time it incorporates an aesthetic that crosses broadcast journalism and MTV music videos. By using this fast paced digital aesthetic based in motion-graphics, coupled with split as well as multiple screens, I reference the hyper-reality created by advertising and bestowed upon brands. In my video I raise, and sometimes provoke, questions such as: What is our 'brand' as people? Are we too, objects that can and should be branded? How do we feel about that? Why do we attach ourselves so strongly to certain things or brands? Do we believe it will make us happy? Where does happiness exist for us? What does happiness mean today on a personal level and in broader terms? what brand <are you?> is a moving portrait of today, whose value lies in the questions raised???prompting the viewer to reflect their significance on a personal level???and the meaning that can arise from the contemplation of their answers.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Open University. BLDSC no. DX80707.

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Researchers have long noted that repeated expression of a judgment can cause that judgment to become more extreme. Three perspectives were explored for why this effect occurs. The first perspective implied that repeated expression results in changes in the evaluation such that it becomes more extreme. The next implied that individuals misinterpret ambiguous response scales and respond based on confidence which results in extremity. The final perspective implied that participants understand response scales but are sometimes incapable of accomplishing the judgment, and invoke confidence as a heuristic to guide responding. Experiment One tested these ideas in a colour judgment paradigm in a 3 (Level of Frequency: 3 vs. 5 vs. 8) x 2 (Question Order: Paired Judgments vs. Separated Judgments) mixed-model design. Repeated expression resulted in greater extremity, and greater confidence in judgments. Confidence was found to mediate the relationship between repeated expression and increased extremity regardless of question order. Experiment Two further disentangled the relationship between repeated expression and extremity by directly manipulating task difficulty, and by manipulating the nature of the response scale labels. A 3 (Level of frequency: 3 vs. 5 vs. 8) x 2 (Type of scale: numerical rating scale vs. colour shade scale) x 2 (Task Difficulty: 144 judgments versus 80 judgments) mixed-design experiment was conducted. Repeated expression again led to increased confidence in judgments. Results showed that repeated expression led to increased extremity when participants responded to the numeric rating scale that was considered ambiguous, but not when using the less ambiguous colour shade scale. Confidence fully mediated the effect of repeated expression on extremity in the numeric rating scale condition. In the colour shade scale condition, the mediation of confidence was offset by a direct negative effect of frequency on extremity. Overall, evidence was found for both the response mapping ambiguity perspective and the evaluative change perspective. Evidence did not support the ability perspective. / Thesis (Ph.D, Psychology) -- Queen's University, 2011-06-29 11:35:19.87

The purpose of the study was to determine how participation in a three and one-half hour continuing professional education program (CPE) influenced the nursing practice of 51 nurses three months later. The study sample was 45 staff nurses and six nurse managers.Four variables were measured using questionnaires before, immediately after, and three months after the CPE program. The variables measured were (a)"the characteristics of continuing professional education program, (b) the characteristics of individual professional, (c) the nature of the proposed change, and (d) the social system in which the professional must implement the behavior change" (Cervero, 1985, p.87). Qualitative data were collected using open-ended statements to ascertain how the content of the CPE program was useful in practice. Nurse managers were surveyed to ascertain their judgements about autonomy and empowerment levels of the nurses.Findings revealed significant positive relationship between behavior change, autonomy, and the variables the nature of the proposed change, empowerment, and the motivational levels of the 51 nurses. Characteristics of the social system and the CPE program were not found to be significantly related to behavior change. No significant differences were found between motivation levels of participants from before the CPE to three months later.Responses to the open-ended statements revealed four themes: the importance nurses placed on meeting the needs of patients, nurses were flexible and accepted change, nurses had positive perceptions about nursing, and nurses felt frustrated and inadequate. Judgements revealed in the responses of the nurse managers before and three months after the CPE program have significant implications for nurse managers when attempting to change nursing practice. / Department of Educational Leadership