Orientador: Fabio Violaro / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T22:49:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Selmini_AntonioMarcos_D.pdf: 2404244 bytes, checksum: d7fcd0828f3157c595a0e3426b4a7eb0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: A demanda por uma segmentação automática de fala confiável vem crescendo e exigindo pesquisas para suportar o desenvolvimento de sistemas que usam fala para uma interação homem-máquina. Neste contexto, este trabalho relata o desenvolvimento e avaliação de um sistema para segmentação automática de fala usando o algoritmo de Viterbi e refinamento das fronteiras de segmentação baseado nas características fonético-acústicas das classes fonéticas. As subunidades fonéticas (dependentes de contexto) são representadas com Modelos Ocultos de Markov (HMM - Hidden Markov Models). Cada fronteira estimada pelo algoritmo de Viterbi é refinada usando características acústicas dependentes de classes de fones, uma vez que a identidade dos fones do lado direito e esquerdo da fronteira considerada é conhecida. O sistema proposto foi avaliado usando duas bases dependentes de locutor do Português do Brasil (uma masculina e outra feminina) e também uma base independente de locutor (TIMIT). A avaliação foi realizada comparando a segmentação automática com a segmentação manual. Depois do processo de refinamento, um ganho de 29% nas fronteiras com erro de segmentação abaixo de 20 ms foi obtido para a base de fala dependente de locutor masculino do Português Brasileiro. / Abstract: The demand for reliable automatic speech segmentation is increasing and requiring additional research to support the development of systems that use speech for man-machine interface. In this context, this work reports the development and evaluation of a system for automatic speech segmentation using Viterbi's algorithm and a refinement of segmentation boundaries based on acoustic-phonetic features. Phonetic sub-units (context-dependent phones) are modeled with HMM (Hidden Markov Models). Each boundary estimated by Viterbi's algorithm is refined using class-dependent acoustic features, as the identity of the phones on the left and right side of the considered boundary is known. The proposed system was evaluated using two speaker dependent Brazilian Portuguese speech databases (one male and one female speaker), and a speaker independent English database (TIMIT). The evaluation was carried out comparing automatic against manual segmentation. After the refinement process, an improvement of 29% in the percentage of segmentation errors below 20 ms was achieved for the male speaker dependent Brazilian Portuguese speech database. / Doutorado / Telecomunicações e Telemática / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

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L'une des difficultés d'une langue peu dotée est l'inexistence des services liés aux technologies du traitement de l'écrit et de l'oral. Dans cette thèse, nous avons affronté la problématique de l'étude acoustique de la parole isolée et de la parole continue en Fongbe dans le cadre de la reconnaissance automatique de la parole. La complexité tonale de l'oral et la récente convention de l'écriture du Fongbe nous ont conduit à étudier le Fongbe sur toute la chaîne de la reconnaissance automatique de la parole. En plus des ressources linguistiques collectées (vocabulaires, grands corpus de texte, grands corpus de parole, dictionnaires de prononciation) pour permettre la construction des algorithmes, nous avons proposé une recette complète d'algorithmes (incluant des algorithmes de classification et de reconnaissance de phonèmes isolés et de segmentation de la parole continue en syllabe), basés sur une étude acoustique des différents sons, pour le traitement automatique du Fongbe. Dans ce manuscrit, nous avons aussi présenté une méthodologie de développement de modèles accoustiques et de modèles du langage pour faciliter la reconnaissance automatique de la parole en Fongbe. Dans cette étude, il a été proposé et évalué une modélisation acoustique à base de graphèmes (vu que le Fongbe ne dispose pas encore de dictionnaire phonétique) et aussi l'impact de la prononciation tonale sur la performance d'un système RAP en Fongbe. Enfin, les ressources écrites et orales collectées pour le Fongbe ainsi que les résultats expérimentaux obtenus pour chaque aspect de la chaîne de RAP en Fongbe valident le potentiel des méthodes et algorithmes que nous avons proposés. / One of the difficulties of an unresourced language is the lack of technology services in the speech and text processing. In this thesis, we faced the problematic of an acoustical study of the isolated and continous speech in Fongbe as part of the speech recognition. Tonal complexity of the oral and the recent agreement of writing the Fongbe led us to study the Fongbe throughout the chain of an automatic speech recognition. In addition to the collected linguistic resources (vocabularies, large text and speech corpus, pronunciation dictionaries) for building the algorithms, we proposed a complete recipe of algorithms (including algorithms of classification and recognition of isolated phonemes and segmentation of continuous speech into syllable), based on an acoustic study of the different sounds, for Fongbe automatic processing. In this manuscript, we also presented a methodology for developing acoustic models and language models to facilitate speech recognition in Fongbe. In this study, it was proposed and evaluated an acoustic modeling based on grapheme (since the Fongbe don't have phonetic dictionary) and also the impact of tonal pronunciation on the performance of a Fongbe ASR system. Finally, the written and oral resources collected for Fongbe and experimental results obtained for each aspect of an ASR chain in Fongbe validate the potential of the methods and algorithms that we proposed.