Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-11-12T14:44:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielAzevedoDeBritoDamasceno_DISSERT.pdf: 1484595 bytes, checksum: 579485d8825b9a642a20df91ae7b7fcc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elisangela Moura (lilaalves@gmail.com) on 2015-11-16T12:38:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielAzevedoDeBritoDamasceno_DISSERT.pdf: 1484595 bytes, checksum: 579485d8825b9a642a20df91ae7b7fcc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-16T12:38:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielAzevedoDeBritoDamasceno_DISSERT.pdf: 1484595 bytes, checksum: 579485d8825b9a642a20df91ae7b7fcc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-28 / A esp?cie Opuntia f?cus-indica (L.) Mill ? uma cact?cea pertencente ao ecossistema Caatinga e apresenta em sua composi??o qu?mica flavonoides, ?cido galactur?nico e a??cares. Foram desenvolvidos diferentes extratos vegetais hidroglic?licos (EHG001 e EHG002) e hidroetan?licos posteriormente liofilizados (EHE001 e EHE002), dentro os quais o EHE002 teve sua composi??o fitoqu?mica preliminar investigada por cromatografia em camada delgada e observada a predomin?ncia de flavonoides. Foram preparadas diferentes formula??es na forma de emuls?es com o Sodium Polyacrylate (and) Hydrogenated Polydecene (and) Trideceth-6 (Rapithix? A60) e com o Polyacrylamide (and) C13-14 Isoparaffin (and) Laureth-7 (Sepigel? 305) e em gel com o Sodium Polyacrylate (Rapithix? A100). O estudo de avalia??o sensorial foi realizado utilizando a metodologia check-all-thatapply. N?o foram verificadas diferen?as significativas entre as notas atribu?das ?s formula??es, por?m, foi observada prefer?ncia pelas formuladas com o 1,5% de Rapithix? A100 e com 3,0% de Sepigel? 305. Essas e a formula??o com 3% de Rapithix? A60 foram aditivadas com 1% do extrato hidroglic?lico (EHG001) e submetidas aos testes de estabilidades preliminar e acelerada. No estudo de estabilidade acelerada, as amostras foram estocadas em diferentes temperaturas durante 90 dias. As caracter?sticas organol?pticas, determina??o do valor de pH e comportamento reol?gico foram avaliados. Ao final do estudo, as emuls?es com 3,0% de Sepigel? 305 e 3% de Rapithix? A60 foram consideradas est?veis com caracter?sticas pseudopl?sticas e tixotr?picas. A efic?cia cl?nica hidratante das formula??es contendo 3,0% de Sepigel? 305 aditivadas com 1 e 3% do EHG001 foi realizada por meio do m?todo da capacit?ncia (Corneometer?) e da avalia??o da perda de ?gua transepidermal - TEWL (Tewameter?). Observou-se que a formula??o com 3% do EHG001 apresentou efic?cia hidratante frente ao ve?culo e ao solvente extrator ap?s 5 horas e as emuls?es contendo 1 e 3% do extrato apresentaram efeito barreira at? 4 horas reduzindo a perda de ?gua transepidermal. / Opuntia f?cus - indica (L.) Mill is a cactacea presents in the Caatinga ecosystem and shows in its chemical c omposition flavonoids, galacturonic acid and sugars. Different hydroglicolic (EHG001 and EHG002) and hydroethanolic subsequently lyophilized (EHE001 and EHE002) extracts were developed. The EHE002 had his preliminary phytochemical composition investigated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and we observed the predominance of flavonoids. Different formulations were prepared as emulsions with Sodium Polyacrylate (and) Hydrogenated Polydecene (and) Trideceth - 6 (Rapithix? A60), and Polyacrylamide (and) C13 - 14 I soparaffin (and) Laureth - 7 (Sepigel? 305), and gel with Sodium Polyacrylate (Rapithix? A100). The sensorial evaluation was conducted by check - all - that - apply method. There were no significant differences between the scores assigned to the formulations, howe ver, we noted a preference for those formulated with 1,5% of Rapithix? A100 and 3,0% of Sepigel? 305. These and the formulation with 3% Rapithix? A60 were tested for preliminary and accelerated stability. In accelerated stability study, samples were stored at different temperatures for 90 days. Organoleptic characteristics, the pH values and rheological behavior were assessed. T he emulsions formulated with 3,0% of Sepigel? 305 and 1,5% of Rapithix? A60 w ere stable with pseudoplastic and thixotropic behavior . The moisturizing clinical efficacy of the emulsions containing 3,0% of Sepigel? 305 containing 1 and 3% of EHG001 was performed using the capacitance method (Corneometer?) and transepidermal water lost ? TEWL evaluation ( Tewameter?). The results showed t hat the formulation with 3% of EHG001 increased the skin moisturizing against the vehicle and the extractor solvent formulation after five hours. The formulations containing 1 and 3% of EHG001 increased skin barrier effect by reducing transepidermal water loss up to four hours after application.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RosaneLAS_TESE.pdf: 1312520 bytes, checksum: 82a532d76af3f2c9d016ea88510460fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-01 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The Brazilian caatinga is characterized by low annual rainfall and arid soils. Several cactaceae, either native or adapted species, grow in this semi-arid region, including the prickly pear (Opuntia f?cus indica) and facheiro ((Philosocereus pachycladus Ritter) which produce underexploited edible fruits. In addition to these species, the algaroba is a leguminous with little studied technological applications and bioactive potential so far. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the physicochemical, bioactive and functional attributes of the prickly pear and facheiro fruit pulps and the algaroba flour. Specifically, this study approaches the physicochemical characterization, total phenolic compounds (TPC) and the betalain identification and quantification by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. It is also investigated the DPPH antioxidant capacity and the antienzymatic activities against alpha-amylase and alphaglucosidase of water and ethanolic extracts of these food material. In order to address their potential to be used as food ingredients, juice blends prepared with mixtures of caj? and prickly pear, biofilms with facheiro and cereal bars with algaroba flour were elaborated and analyzed. The prickly pear fruits presented low acidity and high sugar content when compared to facheiro. The Philosocereus pachycladus Ritter fruits had higher protein and ash content, but the algaroba flour was the species with higher protein and sugar content among all. The algaroba flour also presented outstanding food fiber content, which reveals its potentiality to be used as a natural intestinal regulator. The TPC of water and ethanol extracts ranged from 3.87 to 16.21 mg GAE/100g for algaroba flour, 79.24 to 110.20 GAE/ 100g for prickly pear and 412.23 to 539.14 mg GAE/100g for facheiro. The 70% (w/v) ethanol extract reached the highest DPPH antioxidant activity, which was linearly correlated to its high TPC content. In regard to the enzymatic inhibitory activities, the best performance was observed for the prickly pear extracts which presented a moderate inhibition for both investigated enzymes, but interestingly, no alpha-glucosidase inhibition was observed for facheiro extracts. This work shows, for the first time in the literature, the functional attributes of facheiro fruits, as well as the presence of betacianins and isobetanin in the pulp of this exotic fruit. When it comes to the food products developed here, the sensory attributes that better described the juice blend caj?-prickly pear were sweetness, acidity, color yellow-orange, body, turbidity and caj? flavor. The discriminative test applied for cereal bars produced with and without algaroba revealed that the texture was the only sensory attribute that differed (p<0.05) between these two samples. It was also observed that the addition of facheiro extracts did not influence the visual characteristics of the biofilms. Overall, this work unveils the physicochemical and bioactive attributes of these commercial and technologically underexploited species widely found in the Brazilian caatinga and presents alternatives for their rational use / O semi?rido brasileiro configura-se por condi??es clim?ticas e de solo desfavor?veis e vegeta??o resistente a longos per?odos de estiagem. As esp?cies de cact?ceas nativas ou adaptadas ? regi?o, como o figo da ?ndia (Opuntia f?cus indica) e facheiro (Philosocereus pachycladus Ritter), t?m frutos comest?veis pouco conhecidas. Al?m destas esp?cies, a leguminosa algaroba ? uma mat?ria-prima com caracter?sticas ainda pouco investigadas do ponto de vista tecnol?gico e teor de subst?ncias bioativas. Desta forma, este trabalho objetivou realizar a caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica, bioativa e funcional da polpa das cact?ceas figo da ?ndia e facheiro e da farinha de algaroba. O estudo incluiu a determina??o do teor de compostos fen?licos, identifica??o e quantifica??o das betala?nas por HPLC-DADESI- MS, al?m da investiga??o da atividade antioxidante e inibi??o das enzimas alfa-amilase e alfa-glicosidase, utilizando extratos aquosos e etan?licos obtidos a partir das esp?cies avaliadas. Como estrat?gias de aproveitamento, elaborou-se suco misto do figo da ?ndia, biofilmes a partir do facheiro e barra de cereal a partir da farinha de algaroba. A caracteriza??o do figo da ?ndia revelou baixa acidez e elevada do?ura, quando comparada ao facheiro. O fruto do Philosocereus pachycladus Ritter, por sua vez, apresentou maior conte?do prot?ico e de cinzas. No entanto, a maior fra??o proteica e a??cares est? contida na farinha de algaroba. O conte?do de fibra alimentar total (FAT) revelou a potencialidade da farinha de Prosopis juliflora para atuar como reguladora da fun??o intestinal. O teor de fen?lico total para extratos aquosos e etan?licos variaram de 3,87 a 16,21 mg GAE/100g para a farinha de algaroba, 79,24 a 110,20 mg GAE/100g para o figo da ?ndia e facheiro 412,23 a 539,14 mg GAE/100g. O extrato etan?lico a 70% do figo da ?ndia apresentou elevada atividade antioxidante, por?m o meior percentual fen?lico foi observado no facheiro. Em rela??o ? inibi??o enzim?tica, o melhor desempenho foi observado em extratos do figo da ?ndia, os quais exibiram inibi??o moderada para as duas enzimas estudadas, enquanto que n?o foi identificada inibi??o glicol?tica para o extrato aquoso de facheiro. O presente trabalho mostra, pela primeira vez na literatura, resultados in?ditos sobre a funcionalidade do facheiro, que incluem a presen?a das betala?nas betacianina e isobetanina na polpa desse fruto. No que diz respeito aos produtos desenvolvidos, as caracter?sticas sensoriais que melhor descreveram o suco misto de figo da ?ndia e caj? foram do?ura, acidez, cor amarela-alaranjada, corpo, turbidez e aroma de caj?. A an?lise discriminativa da barrinha de cereal elaborada com e sem farinha de algaroba mostrou que apenas o atributo textura foi diferente estatisticamente (p < 0,05) para as formula??es testadas. Os resultados tamb?m indicam que a adi??o do extrato do facheiro n?o modificou visualmente as caracter?sticas dos biofilmes. De maneira geral, o presente estudo revela as caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas e bioativas desses vegetais abundantemente encontrados na caatinga brasileira, mas ainda pouco explorados sob pontos de vista tecnol?gico e comercial, bem como sugere alternativas de aproveitamento para tais esp?cies