Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 122 p. : ill. Advisor: Barbara Andersen, Dept. of Psychology. Includes bibliographical references (p. 114-122).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 342-363). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 143-151).

Thesis (M.D.)—Boston University

Recently the traditional primary method of treatment for breast carcinoma — the Halsted radical mastectomy — has been challenged. It is felt by some people that other methods may be more appropriate for certain women. Quality of life and the patient's preferences are being considered in addition to the strictly medical aspects of the problem. One procedure that attempts to increase the quality of life for certain women is the selective biopsy. Women who are proven to have lymph node metastases at the biopsy are spared a mastectomy and treated by radiation since surgery cannot remove all of the cancer. A study was undertaken at the British Columbia Cancer Institute of selective biopsy patients diagnosed between 1955 and 1963 in order to assess the procedure in British Columbia. After studying survival for selective biopsy patients and others, it was concluded that the procedure should continue to be recommended. Since only 14% of the patients now referred to BCCI have had a selective biopsy, I decided to try to find a statistical method for assessing the probability of nodal metastases. The problem is one of statistical classification. The literature on the theory of several statistical models was reviewed. Two models were chosen for the problem: linear discriminant analysis and logistic regression. The classification procedure most often used is discriminant analysis. However, the linear discriminant model assumes a normal distribution and common covariance matrix for the vector of observations. Medical data is often non-normal and even discrete. The logistic probability model works well with such data. Both models were then used to study the selective biopsy problem. The patients of the BCCI study were used as a training set to estimate the parameters of the discriminant function and the logistic probability function. Then each estimated function was used to classify the patients as a measure of the goodness of fit of the models. The logistic regression correctly classified slightly more of the patients than the discriminant analysis did. Because of the iterative nature of the logistic regression, the execution time for the logistic regression was longer than for discriminant analysis, but not beyond practical limits. .The variables that were significant in the statistical analyses could be used to help the physician make a clinical assessment of the lymph nodes of a woman with breast carcinoma. The variables indicate areas where further research would be useful. / Science, Faculty of / Mathematics, Department of / Graduate

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine in Diagnostic Radiology Johannesburg, 2019 / INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Triple negative breast Cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype, commonly described as presenting at a younger age, in women of African descent and in low socioeconomic groups. Commonly it demonstrates benign imaging features making diagnosis a challenge. Early detection and treatment is imperative. AIM To determine the common imaging features of TNBC in South Africa. METHOD A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary institution in South Africa. the study population included all biopsy proven TNBC patients presenting between 01/01/2012 – 30/06/2016. All the initial mammograms were re-read by three independent radiologists using a data collection sheet. Illegible or incomplete reports were excluded from the study. RESULTS In our population, TNBC commonly presented in African women with an average age of 54.2 and range 25-95 years, with 47% being pre-menopausal. Typical mammographic features were an oval (27%) or irregular (27%) shaped mass with well circumscribed margins (33%). Our lesions were much larger than those reported in the literature (1). Global asymmetry and architectural distortion were commonly associated features. On ultrasound, the lesions were mostly irregularly shaped (56%) with spiculated borders (29%) and hypoechoic (80%) with axillary adenopathy (81%). CONCLUSION The majority of our patient population presented with a clinically palpable mass, that was larger and had more aggressive features than usually described in the literature. This can be attributed to delayed presentation, due to numerous factors. In order to improving the detection rate and reduce mortality, education and screening programs play a major role. / E.K. 2019

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

A cirurgia de reconstrução de mama é uma ferramenta cirúrgica de importância ímpar para reparar os defeitos e assimetrias causadas pelos vários tipos de tratamentos cirúrgicos do Câncer de mama. Várias técnicas e táticas têm sido demosntradas e aplicadas nos últimos anos. Muitos são os estágios em que se encontram os pacientes e vários são os esquemas de abordagem terapêutica para diferentes estágios e tipos histológicos que se apresentam. Tratamentos quimioterápicos pré ou pós-operatório, tratamento radioterápico no pós-operatório quase imediato, mastectomias preventivas, setores amplos em diferentes quadrantes, quadrantectomias, todos estes são vários aspectos de tratamento de uma mesma patologia, porém com estágios e características histológicas e moleculares diferenciadas. Como alternativa cirúrgica para reconstrução de mama em câncer de mama, nos casos em que está indicada a quadrantectomia e/ou setor de mama, independentemente da localização na mama, é que propusemos uma técnica de uso de enxerto autólogo da mama contralateral para manter a forma e a simetria mamária associada a técnicas cirúrgicas de mamoplastias. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o uso de enxerto de mama contralateral associada a outras técnicas de cirurgia mamária já descritas por outros autores e acompanhar o resultado quanto à estética e simetria mamária no pós-operatório imediato e após o tratamento radioterápico. Comparar os resultados com as mamas do pré-operatório e avaliar a simetria e a estética no pós-operatório. Métodos: Foram incluídos neste estudo 42 pacientes com diferentes tratamentos, porém todas com indicação cirúrgica semelhantes: setor de mama ou quadrantectomia, seguidos de radioterapia. Todos os casos foram fotografados no pré-operatório e mais de 3 meses pós-tratamento radioterápico. Foi utilizada uma escala contínua para avaliar o grau de simetria mamária no pós-operatório de mais de 3 meses de radioterapia. A escalala de medição se baseou numa régua milimétrica de 0 a 10 cm. Foi solicitado a quatro especialistas na área para colocar uma marca na escala com relação à simetria e ao aspecto estético das mamas. As notas de cada paciente foram avaliadas estatisticamente. Resultados: Os resultados foram estatisticamente significativos para a avaliação estética e para a simetria mamária pós-cirurgia e radioterapia. Conclusão: Cocluímos que o enxerto autólogo de mama contralateral em cirurgia de reconstrução de mama é um procedimento que, quando utilizado com outras técnicas, traz um resultado estético e simétrico adequado, desta forma mostrando mais uma alternativa para cirurgia de reconstrução mamária. / Background: The Breast Reconstruction surgery is a surgical tool of unparalleled importance to repair the defects and asymmetries caused by various types of surgical breast cancer treatment. Various techniques and tactics has been demonstrated and applied in recent years. Many patients are at different stages of the disease and several are the sorts of therapeutic approaches for different stages and histologic types that feature. Neo adjuvant chemotherapy treatments or postoperative chemotherapy, radiotherapy in almost immediately after surgery, preventive mastectomies, removing large breast tissue in different quadrants, quadrantectomies. All these are various aspects of treatment of the same disease however to different stages and histological and molecular characteristics. As a surgical alternative to breast reconstruction in breast cancer, where it is indicated quadrantectomy and or wide resection of breast tissue in the same quadrant, regardless of location in the breast that I proposed a technique contralateral breast grafiting replacement to keep shape and breast symmetry. Objetive: The aim of this study was to evaluate the contralateral breast graft associated with other breast surgery techniques already described by other authors, and follow the aesthetic result in the immediate postoperative period and after three months of radiotherapy. Compare the results with those of preoperative breast, and evaluate the symmetry postoperatively and proper aesthetic result. Methods: The study included 42 patients. Each case with different proposals for treatment, but all with similar surgical indication, wide resection of the breast or quadrantectomy, followed by radiotherapy. All cases were photographed in their preoperative, “pre radiotherapy” and three months post radiotherapy. A continuous scale was used to assess the degree of mammary symmetry in these patients in the post operative period of three months after radiotherapy. The measurement was based on a rule millimeter scale from 0 to 10 cm. We were asked to four experts in the field to put a mark on the scale with respect to symmetry and aesthetic appearance of the breasts. The scores of each patient were evaluated statistically. Results: The results were statistically significant for the aesthetic evaluation of the breasts and also for evaluation of the symmetry of the breasts after surgery and radiotherapy. Conclusion: We concluded that autologous graft contralateral breast in breast reconstruction surgery is a procedure that when used with other techniques, brings an aesthetic and suitable symmetrical result thus showing an alternative to breast reconstruction surgery.

Taiwanese lesbians have been found to utilize screening tests for breast cancer at lower rates when compared to women in general in Taiwan. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the factors which influence Taiwanese lesbians' breast healthcare behaviour and intentions. A two-phase sequential exploratory mixed-methods study was employed to explore the factors influencing Taiwanese lesbians' breast healthcare behaviour and intentions, including semi-structured interviews and an online survey. Taiwanese women aged 20 years or above and who self-identified themselves as lesbians or as partnered with the same gender were targeted and recruited, using purposive and snowball sampling. Thirty-seven semi-structured interviews were conducted initially. According to the interview findings and two existing health psychology models (the health belief model and the theory of reasoned action), a questionnaire was developed and an online questionnaire survey was undertaken with a larger population. A total of 284 women completed the online survey. The findings showed that the lesbians' breast healthcare behaviour and intentions were directly or indirectly affected by their gender identity, gender role expression, patient-provider interaction and partners' support. In addition, it was also found that the lesbians may share similar views about breast cancer and breast cancer screenings, self-efficacy and cues to action with women in general in Taiwan. Some of these factors had an important effect on the lesbians' breast healthcare behaviour and/or intentions, in particular the perceived barriers to performing and/or having breast cancer screenings, the perceived susceptibility to breast cancer, self-efficacy and cues to action. Based on the PhD findings and social-ecological model, four levels of recommendations were proposed in order to encourage Taiwanese lesbians' utilization of breast cancer screenings and to promote their breast health.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2003. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 158 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-145).