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Coping resource and treatment responses in back pain patientsHung, Suk-mei, Damaris January 1992 (has links)
published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Clinical Psychology / Master / Master of Social Sciences
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Tailored, multimedia versus traditional educational interventions for patients with low back pain : a randomized clinical trialGoffar, Stephen L January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-158). / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / xii, 158 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm
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A cognitive behavioural treatment program for chronic lower back pain: a case study approachWohlman, Michael Avron January 2000 (has links)
A cognitive behavioural treatment program for chronic lower back pain was designed, implemented and evaluated. The outpatient treatment program included education sessions, goal setting, graded activity training, physical exercise, relaxation training, cognitive techniques, social skills training, and medication reduction. Three participants volunteered to participate in the eightweek treatment program. Of the three participants, only one completed the program successfully. The results were used to critically discuss and evaluate the literature. The successful participant showed significant improvement in activity levels, decrease in subjective levels of pain, as well as decreased levels of anxiety and depression. It was shown that correcting cognitive distortions (e.g. selective abstraction, catastrophising, misattribution) and challenging early maladaptive schemas of abandonment, emotional deprivation and emotional inhibition (Young, 1990) assisted in enhancing coping mechanisms and the belief that the pain episodes would be short-lived and could be controlled. There was considerable improvement for the second participant, although he chose to withdraw from the program prior to its completion. The components of the psycho-education, relaxation and stress management and exercise program were beneficial for him. The third participant failed to accept the treatment formulation, and did not engage collaboratively in the treatment program. The case is presented as a point for examining therapeutic ailures.
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The Impact of Observational Learning on Physical Activity Appraisal and Exertion Following Experimental Back Injury and the Role of Pain-Related FearGuck, Adam J. 08 1900 (has links)
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the most prevalent and disabling health conditions in the US and worldwide. Biomedical explanations of acute injury fail to account for why some individuals experience remission of pain and restoration of physical function while others do not. Pain-related fear, accompanied by elevated appraisals of physical exertion and avoidance of physical activity, has emerged as a central psychosocial risk factor for transition from acute injury to chronic pain and disability. Research has indicated that these pain-related factors may be maintained through observational learning mechanisms. To date, no studies have experimentally examined the role of observational learning and pain-related fear in the context of actual musculoskeletal injury. Accordingly, the present study examined the impact of observational learning and pain-related fear on activity appraisals and exertion following experimentally- induced acute low back injury. Healthy participants' appraisal of standardized movement tasks along with measures of physical exertion were collected prior to and following a procedure designed to induce delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) to the lower back. Following induction of DOMS, participants observed a video prime depicting CLBP patients exhibiting either high or low pain behavior during similar standardized movements. In line with hypothesized effects, participants assigned to the high pain behavior prime demonstrated greater elevation in pain and harm appraisals as well as greater decrement in physical exertion. Further in line with hypotheses, significant changes in appraisal and physical performance following the high pain behavior prime were only observed among participants endorsing high pain-related fear during baseline assessment. Discussion of findings addresses potential mechanisms of action as well as study limitations and direction for future research.
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The meaning of chronic painWade, Barbara Louise 11 1900 (has links)
Chronic pain sufferers are frequently misunderstood and stigmatised. The aim
of this investigation was to provide a description of the lifewor1d of people with
chronic low back pain, using the phenomenological method. Themes which emerged
were that the persistent nature of chronic pain makes it particularly difficult to endure, arousing a profound fear of the future. It causes a disruption in the relationship
between the person and the body, in which the person is forced to function within the
constraints of pain. Sufferers are unable to fulfil social roles as expected and are
forced to revise their goals and activities. The distress of their experience is mediated
by the ability to make sense of their condition, finding meaning in the pain itself.
The study highlights the value of the phenomenological method in health
psychology. Recommendations are made which may be of benefit to people with
chronic pain and their families. / Psychology / M. Sc. (Psychology)
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A Multi-Element Psychological Management Program for Chronic Low Back PainGoldsmith, David A. 12 1900 (has links)
This investigation utilized a novel, self-help, multi-element psychological program to manage chronic low back pain. A literature review indicated that this disorder was costly and prevalent, yet a large percentage of chronic low back pain patients did not respond to traditional treatment. Recent research has demonstrated that numerous psychological difficulties have been associated with this disorder, including depression and anxiety. It was hypothesized that these psychological concomitants of chronic low back pain maintain and promote further pain, as part of a vicious cycle. Self-help treatment attempted to break this tension-pain-anxiety cycle using various stress reduction, and cognitive and behavioral management strategies.
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The meaning of chronic painWade, Barbara Louise 11 1900 (has links)
Chronic pain sufferers are frequently misunderstood and stigmatised. The aim
of this investigation was to provide a description of the lifewor1d of people with
chronic low back pain, using the phenomenological method. Themes which emerged
were that the persistent nature of chronic pain makes it particularly difficult to endure, arousing a profound fear of the future. It causes a disruption in the relationship
between the person and the body, in which the person is forced to function within the
constraints of pain. Sufferers are unable to fulfil social roles as expected and are
forced to revise their goals and activities. The distress of their experience is mediated
by the ability to make sense of their condition, finding meaning in the pain itself.
The study highlights the value of the phenomenological method in health
psychology. Recommendations are made which may be of benefit to people with
chronic pain and their families. / Psychology / M. Sc. (Psychology)
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The role of psychosocial risk factors on the prevalence of low back pain amongst Grade 12 learners in public schools in the greater Durban areaSeethal, Verusha J. January 2010 (has links)
Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Masters Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2010. / Background: Low back pain (LBP) is the most prevalent musculoskeletal condition
experienced by human beings and the most common cause of disability in developed
nations. Psychosocial factors, involving aspects of social and psychological behaviour,
have previously been documented as potential risk factors in the development of adult
LBP. However, more research is required to fully understand the role of psychosocial
risk factors on the prevalence of LBP amongst adolescents.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of LBP and to identify selected psychosocial
risk factors associated with LBP amongst Grade 12 learners in the Greater Durban area.
Methods: A population-based study was conducted amongst a stratified random sample
of 20 public secondary schools in all three educational districts in the Greater Durban
area. Data was collected by means of a structured questionnaire administered to the
sample population consisting of Grade 12 learners. Using an exploratory research
design, the individuals reported on demographics as well as prevalence, severity,
frequency and chronicity of LBP. In addition, data was obtained regarding various
psychosocial risk factors including depression, exam stress and anxiety, socio-economic
status, family history of LBP, smoking, alcohol and drug abuse amongst the
respondents.
Results: The prevalence of LBP was 57.42% with a median frequency of 8 times a
month. About a third (33.9%) of the respondents experienced difficulty bending whilst
35% reported that their LBP spread down to the legs below their knees. The daily
activity most affected by LBP was having a good night‟s sleep (50.6%), followed closely
by playing sports (47.4%) and concentrating in class (46.6%). The majority of the
respondents that suffered from LBP had taken pain relief medication (47.1%) whilst only
21% of the respondents had missed school because of LBP.
With regards to the psychosocial risk factors under investigation, three of the risk factors
did not show any association to LBP. They included socio-economic status, smoking
and recreational drug use. In contrast, five psychosocial risk factors showed an
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association to LBP. They included alcohol abuse, family history, exam stress, anxiety
and depression. Finally, after adjusting for all other risk factors for adolescent LBP,
depression and high exam stress showed the strongest correlation with the occurrence
of LBP amongst Grade 12 learners in the Greater Durban area.
Conclusion: LBP amongst adolescents is a common problem that increases with age,
representing a risk for LBP in adulthood. The researcher is of the opinion, that this
illustrates the need for further investigations with more profound studies on the risk
factors so that more light can be shed on how to manage this ever-growing problem.
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