This thesis attempts to study the question of education in three novels by writer Gerard Bessette, La Bagarre (1958), Le Libraire (1960) and Les Pedagogues (1961). Those novels were published in the midst of a debate on a possible reform of the educational system of Quebec. This debate is summarized in the introduction. / The author's critiques can be divided into three main themes: the deficiencies of the school system, the difficult teachers' condition and the questioning of the authorities. / It will be shown, in the conclusion, that the question of education is one of the main elements in a vast project of social criticism formed by the three novels.

No description available.

Les violences corporelles émaillent le quotidien des agents de sécurité en établissements de nuit. Leurs rôles de "videur" et de "portier" visent à prévenir, traquer et gérer les conflits ; ils se structurent autour de la perspective de la brutalité physique et du risque de survenues de blessures graves. Les violences en établissements de nuit constituent une problématique mondiale invariablement criminologique, quasi absente de la recherche française. Le terrain de cette recherche originale est l’observation et l’analyse du conflit, du face-à-face au corps à corps, hors du lynchage et des violences intimes. L’immersion, par ethnographie énactive, est adaptée à l’étude de situations légalement risquées et propices à la mythification. De manière complémentaire, la sociologie d’E. Goffman fournit un point de départ intéressant pour analyser le maintien, la rupture, et le rétablissement des cadres, oscillant entre la situation et les éléments situés. L’étude démontre que le conflit face-à-face suit un processus échelonné, du heurt à la rixe, en passant par la bagarre, répondant du rituel d’interaction. Cet élément de désordre, dans la confusion parfois apparente, profondément enraciné dans la culture de la violence, qu’il structure en retour, reste ordonné en lui-même. Il est un élément organisateur de l’ordre social. L’appréhender restitue la notion de brutalité physique et questionne le seuil de définition de la violence. Cela nécessite d’interroger le sentiment d’agression et le passage à l’action, dans une dynamique situationniste et processuelle, où les déplacements, gestes et mouvements en eux-mêmes, sont des éléments clefs / Nightclub security officer’s daily job is punctuated by physical violence. Their roles as bouncer and doorman aim to prevent, track down and manage conflicts. Their professional activity is structured around the perspective of physical brutality and the risk of the occurrence of tragic events. The field work of this original research consists of the observation and analyze of conflicts: the face to face and hand to hand, excluding intimate violence and lynching. Violence in night spots constitue a worldwide criminological problem. However, it remains absent from French researches. Bodily immersion and observations by enactment ethnography are appropriate ways to study legally risky and mythologizing situations. E. Goffman’s sociology is an interesting starting point to analyze the conservation and the rupture of frames, swinging between the situation and the situated social performances. The study shows that the face to face conflict follows a graduated process: from clash to brawl, threw fight, being an interaction ritual. This disorder element, that sometimes seems confused, has its origins anchored in the violence culture which it structures in return. Conflict stays organized and is an organization element of the social order. Having an understanding of it brings back to the notion of physical brutality and questions the threshold of thedefinition of “violence”, the feeling of aggression and the “acting out” in a situationist and processual research dynamic in which moves, gestures and movement themselves become key elements.