Subject of this thesis is design and implementation of an algorithm, capable of distinct feature based comparision of two weapon cartridge casing  images. In the first section it looks into the issue of fi- rearms with special emphasis on ballistic traces. In following parts it presents design and imple- mentation of scanning unit for acquisition of such images and their processing and design and excuti- on of the comparation algorithm. In the conclusion there is an evaluation of goals achieved and possi- bilities for further development.