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The water and coal samples from the Manisa-Soma-DeniS region were studied on the basis of their basic characteristics, inorganic and organic parameters. Coal samples were determined as low-quality lignite. They have high concentrations of arsenic, uranium and lead. The organics in the coal samples are of aliphatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives (alkanes and alcohols), methyls, phthalates, naphtalenes and benzenes. They are inactive and low in concentrations. Water samples have basic characteristics within the range of drinking waters. They also have high arsenic and uranium concentrations indicating a possible leaching. Their organic compounds are similar to those in the coal samples. However, these organic compounds are not as toxic as those found in endemic samples and their concentration is also very low. Therefore, they are considered not to be a potential for Balkan Endemic Nephropathy (BEN)-disease. On the basis of the findings of this study, the area can be concluded as non-endemic region.

Utilisation de la métabonomique en spectroscopie RMN pour l'identification de biomarqueurs d'exposition à l'acide Aristolochique. Développement de modèles expérimentaux chez des rats mâles. Analyse d'échantillons urinaires provenant de patients croates potentiellement touchés par la Néphropathie endémique des Balkans / Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Médecine) / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Aristolochic acids (AA) are human carcinogens which have also very strong nephrotoxic properties. A mixture of AA is present in Aristolochiacae plant species. These plants were and still are used in traditional medicine in some countries, particularly in Asia. Aristolochic acids participate in development of two types of nephropathies. The first disease is designated as Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy (AAN), the second one is Balkan Endemic Nephropathy (BEN). Both nephropathies are associated with urothelial malignancies, which are caused by AA. One of the common features of ANN and BEN is that not all individuals exposed to AA suffer from nephropathy and tumour development. One cause for these different responses may be individual differences in the activities and expression levels of the enzymes catalyzing the biotransformation of AAI, the major toxic component of AA contained in Aristolochia species. Detailed knowledge of enzymes which participate in metabolism of AAI may contribute to elucidation of inter-individual susceptibility to AAN, BEN and later urothelial malignancies. Aristolochic acid I is either oxidative detoxicated or reductive activated by biotransformation enzymes. Reductive bioactiovation of AAI leads to formation of covalent AA-DNA adducts in organism which result in producing of...

Aristolochic acids (AA) have been considered as toxicants of plants which were found in plants of the family Aristolochiaceae. The most abundant acids in mentioned plants are aristolochic acid I (AAI) and aristolochic acid II (AAII). AA have been considered as causes kidney disease called Aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN). AAN was initially discovered in patients of one Belgian clinic in Brussels specialized on treatment of patients leading to a decrease in their body weight. The first name of this disease was Chinese herb nephropathy (CHN). Later, it was discovered that one component of herbal preparation was changed by a mistake with the Aristolochiaceae plant. The second type of renal disease caused by AA was discovered in populations of countries along the Danube river, called as Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), which was probably caused by the contamination of grains with plants containing AA. These renal diseases (AAN and BEN) are often associated with development of upper urothelial cancer (UUC). AA (AAI + AAII) in organisms are subject to biotransformation leading to its reductive activation or oxidative detoxification. Both cytosolic enzymes [NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase] and microsomal enzymes [cytochromes P450, NADPH:cytochrome P450 reductase] participate in their reduction. The...