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The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
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Showing 11 to 13 of 13 (0.119 seconds)Spelling suggestions: "subject:"bande dde cisaillement"" "subject:"bande dee cisaillement""
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Full-field experimental characterization of mechanical behaviour and failure in a porous rock in plane strain compression : homogeneous deformation and strain localization / Caractérisation expérimentale par mesure des champs du comportement mécanique et de la rupture dans une roche poreuse en déformation plane : déformation homogène et localisation de la déformationLanata, Patrizia 02 April 2015 (has links)
Ce travail présente une caractérisation expérimentale du comportement mécanique et de la rupture par localisation de la déformation dans un grès des Vosges. L'évolution temporelle de la localisation a été caractérisée par des mesures de champs. Une nouvelle cellule triaxiale vraie a été développée au Laboratoire 3SR (Grenoble), qui permet une visualisation des échantillons sous chargement pour réaliser de la corrélation d'image numérique (CIN). Les essais ont été réalisés par compression en déformation plane (confinement de 20 à 50 MPa). La transition d'une déformation diffuse à localisée a été finement étudiée. Une analyse comparative a été ensuite effectuée entre les mesures de champs et la microstructure à l'échelle des grains observée par microscope (MEB). Enfin, une étude théorique basée sur une analyse en bifurcation a été menée pour comparer observations des bandes de cisaillement et prédiction sur la localisation de la déformation. / This work aims an experimental characterization of the mechanical behaviour and failure by strain localization on a Vosges sandstone. The time evolution of strain localization has been characterized by full-field measurements. A new true-triaxial apparatus has been developed at Laboratoire 3SR (Grenoble), which enables the observation of the specimens during mechanical loading for application of digital image correlation (DIC). Tests have been performed in plane strain compression (confining pressure from 20 to 50 MPa). The transition from diffuse to localised deformation regimes has been extensively studied. Then, a comparative analysis has been done between the strain fields (DIC) and microscope (SEM) observations to determine how closely the DIC fields are related to deformation mechanisms detected at the grain scale. Finally, a theoretical bifurcation analysis is presented to compare the experimental observations of shear bands with strain localization prediction.
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Etude des dalles sur sols renforcés au moyen d'inclusions rigides ou nonAntoine, Pierre-Cornélius 21 December 2010 (has links)
Soft soil reinforcement by inclusion is a growing technique caracterized by a pile grid and a granular embankment introduced between the reinforced soil and the structure. Unlike traditionnal methods, the load is partially transferred to the pile heads by arching in the embankment. The application area of this research focuses on the shallow foundations case, in which the thickness of the embankment is small. The litterature review shows that only a few studies were dedicated to that case, and that fundamental questions remains concerning the load transfer in the embankment. Chosen method for this research consists in two-dimensionnal physical modelling, analysis of the conducted simulations, and development of an analytical model in order to predict the load transfer to the piles by arching in the embankment. The results of this PhD thesis provide original elements of evidence of the load transfer in the studied system, proposes an analytical model based on block division of the granular embankment by shear bands - which is in good agreement with experimental data - and lead to a better understanding of arching in soils.
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Etude des dalles sur sols renforcés au moyen d'inclusions rigides ou nonAntoine, Pierre-Cornélius 21 December 2010 (has links)
Soft soil reinforcement by inclusion is a growing technique caracterized by a pile grid and a granular embankment introduced between the reinforced soil and the structure. Unlike traditionnal methods, the load is partially transferred to the pile heads by arching in the embankment. The application area of this research focuses on the shallow foundations case, in which the thickness of the embankment is small. The litterature review shows that only a few studies were dedicated to that case, and that fundamental questions remains concerning the load transfer in the embankment. Chosen method for this research consists in two-dimensionnal physical modelling, analysis of the conducted simulations, and development of an analytical model in order to predict the load transfer to the piles by arching in the embankment. The results of this PhD thesis provide original elements of evidence of the load transfer in the studied system, proposes an analytical model based on block division of the granular embankment by shear bands - which is in good agreement with experimental data - and lead to a better understanding of arching in soils. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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