El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / his paper proposes a Lean Green model for increasing profitability in small and medium-sized businesses operating within the plastics sector. This model will use the 5S methodology, KanBan for inventory control and TPM to standardize new corrective and preventive maintenance processes. As an added contribution, a Circular Economy process will be included to reuse products, thus reducing consumption and generating less solid waste. In this way, companies will not only prevent damaging the environment but will also guarantee their compliance with regulatory standards. As a result, an 11% reduction was observed in the acquisition of supplies and spare parts for machine maintenance along with a 4% reduction in the number of machine breakdowns.

En la presente investigación, se propone un nuevo método de diseño para un sistema de aislamiento en la base de una estructura, aprovechando el creciente periodo de diseño que se viene dando en los últimos 20 años. Para el diseño de este sistema pasivo, se emplearon dichos periodos altos para optimizar el concepto de transmisibilidad, cuyo propósito es solucionar el problema del excesivo desplazamiento de la base de una estructura aislada, el cual es mayor al desplazamiento del suelo, si no hay una consideración a esta variable. El modelo estructural trabajado corresponde a un edificio de 10 pisos, el cual está representado por un grado de libertad por nivel, debido a que son infinitamente rígidos en su plano, además supone permanecer en el rango elástico bajo las excitaciones sísmicas. Para poder trabajar con el concepto de transmisibilidad, todo el análisis matemático se realizó en el dominio de la frecuencia. Morales (2010) concluyó que los sismos son de banda angosta (0 - 1.6 Hz) para los desplazamientos y que existe una frecuencia límite inferior (0.05 Hz), dato que servirá para el diseño. Por otro lado, se emplearon aisladores del tipo HDRB adicionado con amortiguadores viscosos, para alcanzar un medio-alto coeficiente de amortiguación. Con todas las variables planteadas, se realizaron las matrices que posteriormente servirán para integrarlas en una programación de Matlab que, en conjunto con la excitación sísmica seleccionada, ayudará a verificar el rango de reducción de desplazamiento debido al método de diseño propuesto. La data sísmica seleccionada fue de California (USA), Perú y Chile. / In the present research, a new design method is proposed for a basal isolation system for structures, taking advantage of the growing design period that has occurred in the last 20 years. For the design of this passive system, these high periods were used and also the concept of transmissibility, whose purpose is to solve the problem of excessive base displacement of the isolated structure, which is greater than the ground displacement. The structural model worked on corresponds to a 10-story building, which is represented by one degree of freedom per level, due to they are infinitely rigid in their plane, it also supposes to remain in the elastic range under seismic excitations. To work on transmissibility’s concept, all the mathematical analysis was carried out in the frequency domain. Morales (2010) concluded that earthquakes are narrow band (0-10 rad/s) for displacements and that there is a lower limit frequency (0.05 Hz), data that will serve for the design. On the other hand, HDRB isolators, added with viscous dampers, were used to achieve a high damping coefficient. With all the variables found, the matrices were made that will later be used to integrate them into a program that, with the selected seismic excitation, will help to verify the range of displacement reduction due to the proposed design method. The seismic data chosen were from California (USA), Peru and Chile. / Tesis