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4 pp. / DeGomez, T. 2006. Preventing Bark Beetle Attacks on Conifers with Insecticides. University of Arizona, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Bulletin, AZ1380. Tucson, Arizona. / A common method of protecting individual trees from bark beetle attack in the western U.S. is to saturate the tree bole with carbaryl using a hydraulic sprayer at high pressure. With this type of application method spray deposition will occur off-target and may contact open waters where sensitive species are subject to the toxic effects of the pesticide. We report on a recent study in which the authors reported carbaryl drift resulting from single tree protection treatments poses little threat to adjacent aquatic environments, a primary concern when treating trees in campgrounds in the Western United States. Using reasonable no-spray buffers will ensure that adjacent aquatic environments are protected from any negative impacts.

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No description available.

The adult western spotted cucumber beetle (WSCB), Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata Mannerheim is considered a major pest of snap beans grown for processing in Western Oregon. Control consists of 1 or 2 insecticide sprays prior to harvest. A commercial semiochemical-based insecticide bait, Adios TIC��, 1.3% carbaryl + 5% buffalo gourd root powder + 0.7% TIC mixture (1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene, indole, and trans-cinnamaldehyde, 1:1:1), was evaluated for the control of WSCB in commercial snap beans. Adios TIC�� did not result in improved WSCB control as reflected by number of beetles and pod damage. Twenty one plant volatile compounds were evaluated for their attractivity to WSCB in snap bean and squash fields by comparing the number of beetles caught on sticky traps in 1 to 3 day periods. The chemicals beta-ionone, benzyl alcohol, and indole consistently attracted significantly more beetles than unbaited traps. An equal part of these chemicals caught more WSCB than those baited with any of the two component mixture blends or even individual components. Captures of WSCB increased significantly as doses of the 1Bb mixture in trap increased. Baited traps placed inside and at the edge of alfalfa fields caught similar numbers of WSCB. More WSCB were caught on traps inside than outside fields. Traps baited with the 1Bb mixture placed at canopy level or at 10-15 cm above canopy caught equal numbers of WSCB. Traps below plant canopy caught fewer WSCB. Most WSCB were caught from 10:00 to 13:00 hrs and from 16:00 to 18:00 hrs. Fresh preparations of IBb were the most attractive to the beetle. The majority of WSCB attracted by the IBb mixture were males (���80%). Its individual components, indole and benzyl alcohol attracted mostly females (���73% and 70% respectively), beta-ionone attracted mostly males (���80%). / Graduation date: 1998

The USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, is responsible for maintaining an ORACLE database named the Southern Pine Beetle Information System (SPBIS). SPBIS was designed to store survey data for Southern Pine Beetle (SPB) infestations on federal land across the southern United States. The main purpose of this project is to improve the SPBIS database to aid in management of SPB infestations to reduce losses, to harvest compromised timber while it still has value, and to assist resource managers in preventing further infestations from becoming established. The SPBIS mobile mapping system addresses current problems with the database and offers viable solutions to each. Mobile mapping technology is a versatile tool, which is used to collect field data, with unique geospatial time tags and attributes, for integrating into or updating a GIS (Rasher 2001). The ability to efficiently collect data is essential to developing a useable database. The time required to manually enter data into the database is substantial. Ranger district personnel often do not have the time or the desire to enter data. Currently, the database is lacking years of survey and infestation data due to these negligent data entry practices, limiting the usefulness database. Currently, SPBIS data is recorded on a paper survey form. This system introduces a digital version of this form. A time study conducted to define the efficiency of each survey showed that the digital form to be more efficient with a Mann-Whitney p- value of 0.004. A comparative study was conducted to define the difference between currently estimated SPB infestation acreage and those measured using GPS. A Mann-Whitney pvalue of 0.000 shows the significant difference between the two acreage values. GPS measured acreage proved to be more accurate thus promoting the use of GPS for measuring acreage. Navigation us ing GPS coordinates was successful and will greatly decrease the time required to locate a SPB infestation on the ground. This thesis describes a mobile mapping system designed specifically to remedy the problems associated with SPBIS. This system eliminates the need for manual entry of field-collected data, while improving field data collection in terms of efficiency and accuracy.

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No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--Eastern Illinois University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 39-47).

Pt. II of Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University, 1917. / "Reprinted from the Annals of the Entomological society of America, vol. XI, no. 3, September, 1918." Published in 2 parts. "Part I of this thesis entitled 'The biology of the alder flea-beetle, ' is reprinted from Bulletin 265 of the Maine agricultural station." "Literature cited": p. 311.