The purpose of this baseline study was to determine the effectiveness of a cognitive restructuring program in reducing recidivism of offenders under supervision in a communitybased setting. The study also sought to determine the relationships between three outcomes (no recidivism within one year of release from the community-based supervised setting, violation of Home Detention requirements resulting in incompleteness of court ordered supervision, and recidivism within one year of release from Home Detention) and risk predictor variables including hours of participation in a cognitive restructuring program (Criminal Intervention), gender, race, age, previous criminal history, educational attainment, and history of substance abuse.The population of the study included offenders under sentence of community-based supervision during a two-year period from November, 1992 to October, 1994. One group of 297 offenders participated in the cognitive restructuring intervention program; another group of 346 offenders did not participate. Chi-square analyses based in contingency tables determined statistical significance of the categorical variables, and stepwise discriminant analysis was utilized to create a model that best differentiated between three outcome groups.When using 16 predictor variables, the results of discriminant analyses indicated that outcomes between groups could be differentiated by a function that accounted for 94% of the variability between groups and resulted in no statistically significant residual discriminations. Pearson product-moment correlational analyses indicated only modest correlations between the variables, and chi-square analyses resulted in the rejection of seven out of ten hypotheses concerning outcome and the categorical risk variables.Two important findings relating to the treatment program, Criminal Intervention, were found. Post-release recidivism of offenders was reduced by 7%. However, offenders participating in the treatment program were terminated from supervision due to violations of the conditions for that supervision at an additional rate of 10% over the nonparticipating violators. The review of the literature and research findings confirmed that individual differences were important to successful rehabilitation; therefore, appropriate matching between intervention program and offender risk and need was warranted. Follow up studies, comprehensive offender assessments, and development, utilization, and validation of a comprehensive risk assessment tool was recommended for future research. / Department of Educational Leadership

The temporal sequence of behavioral and interpersonal perceptual changes in families of problem behavior children was considered. Previous research demonstrated that both child behavior and parents' perceptions of their problem behavior children improved during parent training. A behavioral systems model employing single-case experimental design was used to test the following hypotheses: (1) change in parenting behavior would precede change in child behavior; (2) change in child behavior would precede change in parent perception of the child; and (3) change in parenting behavior would precede change in child perception of the parent.Five two-parent families, recruited through newspaper advertisement, participated in a behavior management training course. Each had a 5-11 year old problem behavior child, as qualified by the Revised Behavior Problem Checklist.Dependent variables consisted of (1) weekly in-home, observer collected parent-child behavior interaction data using a simplified version of the Family Interaction Coding System, (2) weekly questionnaires assessing parent-child interpersonal perceptions and weekly family "crises", and (3) a series of pre-post measures (Parent Attitude Test, Becker Adjective Checklist, and Child Report of Parent Behavior Inventory) to identify change at the .05 level.All subjects commenced baseline procedures simultaneously, but two families continued baseline procedures an additional four weeks before training. Graphic depiction of weekly individual parent and child behavioral and perceptual data was employed to examine the hypothesized changes.The first two hypotheses generally were supported by the results. The third hypothesis was not supported. The findings suggested that during the initial weeks of parent training, parent application of behavior change strategies resulted in improved child behavior and that by the middle stage of parent training, the parents' perceptions of their children began to improve. In addition, there was a reduction in the number of parent-child interactions interpreted as having a calming effect. This served to obscure other change such as the near elimination of aversive consequences. / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

Many successful interventions are not maintained after researchers leave an organisation at the conclusion of a study. This research was conducted to assess the magnitude of this problem and determine which variables affect intervention maintenance. Maintenance was examined in a review and analysis of 125 applicable studies published in the Journal of Organizational Behavior Management from 1977 - 1999. Where necessary, authors of studies were contacted to determine the maintenance status of their intervention. The analysis found the extent of this problem in published studies is substantial. Intervention maintenance was necessary to maintain the intervention�s effects in two thirds of studies with successful interventions. Of all studies where maintenance was necessary, approximately 40% failed to maintain the intervention. The maintenance procedures derived from the literature, researchers in the field, and journal analysis included planning for a wide range of positive outcomes, designing the intervention to be long-term, and communicating the benefits of the intervention to the organisation. For this thesis, three studies were conducted to examine the effectiveness of these maintenance procedures. The first two studies partially replicated studies where the interventions had been successful but not maintained, with the inclusion of maintenance procedures. Intervention maintenance occurred in a university cafeteria in Study 1, and in one of three supermarkets in Study 2. Study 3 improved on the design and procedure of Study 2, including a manipulation of the maintenance procedures. During intervention in the control supermarket, signs designed to increase customer donations to the supermarket foodbank bin were placed on shelves near discounted items. In the experimental supermarket, both maintenance procedures and signs were used. During 6 weeks of follow-up, the signs were maintained in both supermarkets. The researcher then ceased regular observations, returning only for 1 month, 2 month, and 1 year follow-ups. After researcher presence was withdrawn, maintenance of the signs continued only in the experimental supermarket. This study demonstrates that the maintenance procedures were effective, and necessary, for long-term maintenance to occur after the researcher left the organisation. It was concluded that the maintenance procedures were effective for encouraging intervention maintenance, and recommended that researchers incorporate the procedures into their studies when maintenance is desirable.

Thesis (MPsy(Clinical))--University of South Australia, 1999.

Thesis (MPsy(Clinical))--University of South Australia, 2001.

Thesis--Ohio State University. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 328-336). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Baylor University, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-141).

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Auburn University, 2006. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-106).

Thesis (Ed. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-99). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.