Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Sciences du langage : Lyon 2 : 2007. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.

Thèse--Fribourg. / Bibliography: p. 307-318.

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Thèse--Fribourg. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 171-174).

Thèse--Fribourg. / Bibliography: p. 307-318.

The presence or absence of food in the novels of Bernanos lie within a highly meaningful system of values and images. From a list of references to food, we will define the nature and role of food in Bernanos' novels. Then we shall try to bring out the symbolic system which organizes the various elements of this theme in one coherent whole. Thus we will see that food, scarce in this work, is always associated with evil, or tends to disappear in a system of images related to sin. As for food acceptable in the eyes of Bernanos, it also eventually loses its material quality by becoming metaphors of the spiritual world.

"Books are books, and can suffer the same fate as men. They too can be killed in battle," wrote Georges Bernanos in Francais, si vous saviez. Bernanos' work thus demands to be read through the optic of his battle against the modern spirit. If the polemical focus is clear in his political writings, criticism of his work has never fully recognized its deployment throughout his novels. It is therefore when Bernanosian fiction renounces any expression of its intention, eluding any dimension of rhetoric---when it is dramatically demobilized---that it is meant to be its most scandalous. / What is the mission of fiction in the Bernanosian project? Based on the tools of reconciled rhetoric of figures and argumentation, the aim of this work is to re-examine the Bernanosian triple paradox of "convincing of the obvious without using words those who share his beliefs" which generates the tension of his project of writing from the end; that is to say finding a language worthy of Christian truth, a language so "true" and so "transparent" that it could be capable of immediate conversion of souls. To fully understand the place of battle in Bernanosian writing, the notion of the end as a creative principle is examined through three main themes: the preludes to the end of time (eschatology), the final struggle for the end (agony) and the end results of writing (aim). / Writing from the end fundamentally implies a return to the origins. The focus of this study will be to demonstrate that the Bernanosian project, through a return to the source of spiritual authority and a re-examination of asceticism, is a central part of the vast enterprise of reappropriation of language defining French literature after the armistice. The search for this language capable not of convincing but of conquering is mainly studied through the voices the author gives his characters who are simple in heart and soul: to his heroes who are "strangers to a certain fencing with language," locked in a perpetual battle with words. The analysis of these heroes' discourse in this "slow tongue" attempts to determine the exact, though improbable, degree to which their babbling voices carry a weight of authority.

Th. 3e cycle--Litt. comp.--Paris 3, 1986.

Intrinsèquement polyphonique, l’œuvre romanesque de Bernanos s’enracine dans la relecture d’un vaste corpus carmélitain et transfigure une intuition mystique venue de l’expérience pour créer une poétique de l’abandon capable de comprendre et d’apaiser les inquiétudes métaphysiques de son siècle. L’enjeu n’est rien moins que la réinvention simultanée d’une rhétorique incarnée et d’un rapport au monde engagé, lorsque naît une esthétique théologique fondée sur une éthique de la douceur. Réécrire la nuit obscure ou figurer l’élévation spirituelle sont dès lors deux entreprises référentielles qui ne se séparent pas de la volonté de créer une langue romanesque singulière, humble et sublime à la fois, et de figurer ce climat d’abandon de Dieu et d’abandon à Dieu qui représente la problématique majeure de l’écriture bernanosienne. Le présent travail se propose ainsi d’observer la « dramatique » qui soutient l’inspiration romanesque et lui donne tout son souffle narratif. / Intrinsically polyphonic, Bernanos’ novels seem to be established in a Carmelite world and develop a mystic intuition, from the experience to the creation of a writing of the abandonment. The novelist wishes to understand and calm the metaphysical questions of his century. The purpose is to create an embodied rhetoric and its relationship to the world. A theological aesthetics is also established on an ethics of the sweetness. To rewrite the dark night or to represent the spiritual rise : it is a question of creating a singular, humble and sublime language who represents the idea of abandonment of God and abandonment to God.

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