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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Estudos da ação de íons metálicos e da SOD1 em danos a biomoléculas em culturas de células neuronais sob neurodegeneração e estresse oxidativo

Nunes, Emilene Arusievicz January 2018 (has links)
Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Giselle Cerchiaro / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biossistemas, Santo André, 2018. / Em doencas neurodegenerativas amiloidais o estresse oxidativo tem um papel importante juntamente com a proteina ¿À-amiloide (A¿À), associada a formacao de placas senis na Doenca de Alzheimer. Tais condicoes demonstraram desbalanco de metais, como cobre e zinco, tanto na concentracao celular e quanto nos processos antioxidantes. A Cu,Zn-Superoxido Dismutase (SOD1), em condicoes neurodegenerativas, pode demonstrar alteracoes estruturais e funcionais, tendo menor afinidade pelo cobre e pelo zinco. Diante destas condicoes, o objetivo principal desta tese foi em condicoes oxidativa (H2O2) e neurodegenerativa (A¿À1-42) avaliar os danos a biomoleculas, concentracao metais e a influencia da enzima SOD1 em linhagens de celulas neuronais (NSC-34 e mHippoE2). Diferentes respostas quanto a sensibilidade das linhagens neuronais foi observada durante as condicoes oxidativas e neurodegenerativa. Quanto os danos ao DNA a linhagem NSC-34 demonstrou maior sensibilidade a condicao oxidativa, com aumento de danos ao DNA, lesoes oxidativas em bases nitrogenadas que indicaram a presenca de lesoes tipo 8-oxo-G, corroborando com anormalidades nucleares e inibicao do processo de divisao celular. Nesta mesma linhagem quantidades aumentadas de Cu foram observadas, juntamente com a presenca da enzima SOD1 a nivel citoplasmatico e nuclear na condicao oxidativa (H2O2), alem de resultados significantes para danos permanentes ao DNA (anormalidades nucleares e quebras cromossomicas). A linhagem mHippoE2 apresentou aumentos significativos mediante a condicao oxidativa e neurodegenerativa, como oxidacao de proteinas e lipidios, demonstrando tambem alteracoes morfologicas citoplasmaticas. O tratamento com A¿À1-42 demonstrou aumento de danos ao DNA, lesoes oxidativas 8-oxo-G e tambem em bases purinicas. Podemos observar nesta mesma linhagem a forte influencia do Zn na condicao neurodegenerativa, atividade da SOD1 em ambas condicoes e tambem danos permanentes ao DNA mediante condicao neurodegenerativa. Dentre os resultados obtidos salientamos a relevancia dos achados na condicao neurodegenerativa ocasionada pelo peptideo A¿À1-42 nos ensaios para avaliacao genotoxica e mutagenica. Tal condicao demonstrou a presenca de danos importantes a bases nitrogenadas, tanto purinicas quando pirimidinicas, apontando tambem para possiveis efeitos mutagenicos detectados pelos eventos de quebras cromossomicas associados as anormalidades nucleares, bem como a presenca da enzima SOD1 no nucleo das celulas. / In neurodegenerative diseases, oxidative stress plays an important role associated with â-amyloid protein (Aâ), associated with the formation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). In AD condition it has been demonstrated an imbalance of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, their cellular concentration and antioxidant processes alterations. The antioxidant enzyme Cu, Zn-Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1), under neurodegenerative conditions has structural and functional changes, such as lower affinity for copper and zinc. According to these conditions, the main objective of this thesis was to investigate how the oxidative (H2O2) and neurodegenerative (Aâ1-42) conditions cause biomolecules damage, metal alteration and SOD1 location in neuronal cell lines (NSC-34 and mHippoE2). Different responses in neuronal cell lines were observed during the conditions evaluated. For DNA damage, the NSC-34 cells demonstrated greater sensitivity to the oxidative condition, with increased DNA damage, oxidative lesions on nitrogenized bases indicating the presence of 8-oxo-G type lesions. In this same cell line we observed an increase of Cu amount, together with the presence of the SOD1 enzyme at the cytoplasmic and nuclear level in the oxidative condition (H2O2). The mHippoE2 cell line presented increased protein oxidation through the oxidative and neurodegenerative condition. Treatment with Aâ1-42 demonstrated increased DNA damage in this cell, 8-oxo-G oxidative lesions and also purine bases. We observed, in this same cell line, the strong influence of Zn on the neurodegenerative condition, SOD1 activity in both conditions and it was observed permanent damages to DNA in the neurodegenerative condition. Among the results, we highlight the relevance of the findings in the neurodegenerative condition caused by the Aâ1-42 peptide in the genotoxic and mutagenic evaluation trials. This condition demonstrated the presence of important damages to nitrogenated bases, both purine and pyrimidine, also pointing to possible mutagenic effects detected by the events of chromosomal breaks associated with nuclear abnormalities, as well as the translocation of the SOD1 enzyme to nuclei.

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