This is a short correspondence paper that tries to use citation analysis to compare research productivities in the sciences among different countries. It draws data from the Science Citation Index. It finds that over two decades the number of research papers has risen in other countries, but it has decreased in India.

The aims of this study are: to identify technology trends by identifying core topics, prominence topics, and emerging topics; and to assess the overlap between research and development and patents on chemistry and metallurgy fields in Indonesia during 1993-1997. The technology trends are determined by measuring subject and keyword development on those fields. Co-words analysis is employed to measure the technology categories. The objects of this study are granted patents section C according to International Patent Classification (IPC) and research report documents which was collected from CD ROM of research reports on chemistry and metallurgy fields published by PDII-LIPI. Subjects analysis of patent document are measured based on the number of subclass in chemistry and metallurgy fields using IPC code of patent documents. Subjects analysis of research reports are measured based on the number of subclass in chemistry and metallurgy section using DDC21 system of research report documents. Co-words analysis is measured based on the co-occurrence frequencies of the keywords ap-peared in the research documents. The results showed that overlapping subject and keyword of patent documents and research report documents on chemistry and metallurgy fields in Indonesia during five years (1993 to 1997) was on the organic chemistry, especially on dyes and extraction. Another important subject in patent documents was human necessity, especially on pesticides, drugs, and detergents. The largest subject on research activities period was on food technology, especially on coconut oils, palm oils, and storage. Technology categories on research report documents show that there were no core top-ics of research activities in Indonesia during five years (1993 to 1997). The prominence topics were only on 1993 and 1996 namely fermentation process, storage processes, and drying apparatus. There were core topics, prominence topics and emerging topics on patent documents.

India and China lead the world in the incidence of tuberculosis (TB), accounting for 23% and 17% respectively, of the global burden of the disease and hold the 15th and the 18th positions in terms of incidence per 100,000 population. But India accounts for only about 5â 6% of the worldâ s research output in this area and China a paltry 1% as seen from papers indexed in three international databases, viz. PubMed, Science Citation Index and Biochemistry and Biophysics Citation Index over the ten-year period 1990â 1999. Thus there is a tremendous mismatch between the share of the burden of the disease and share of research efforts. Is such mismatch acceptable? It raises the question â should resource-poor countries invest in research or should they depend on research performed elsewhere and invest their meagre resources predominantly in health-care measures?â We argue that both India and China should invest much more in research than they do. We have also mapped TB research in the two countries and identified institutions and cities active in research, journals used to publish the findings, use of high impact journals, impact of their research as seen from citations received and extent of international collaboration. Although China performs much less research than India and its work is quoted much less often, it seems to have done far better than India in health-care delivery in TB. Perhaps the Chinese are better able to translate know-how into do-how than the Indians.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of New South Wales, 1995. / Also available online.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Western Ontario, 1990. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-145).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Drexel University, 2004. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 227-235).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of New South Wales, 1995. / Title from electronic deposit form.

Thesis (M. Med. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2005.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1994. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 135-152).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Universitaire Instelling Antwerpen, 1992. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 227-236) and indexes.