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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Invariantes do tipo Vassiliev de aplicações estáveis de 3-variedade em \'R POT. 4\' / Vassiliev type invariants of stable mappings of 3-manifold in \'R POT. 4\'

Casonatto, Catiana 28 July 2011 (has links)
Neste trabalho obtemos que o espaço dos invariantes locais do tipo Vassiliev de primeira ordem de aplicações estáveis de 3-variedade fechada orientada em \' R POT. 4\' é 4-dimensional. Damos uma interpretação geométrica para 2 dos 4 geradores deste espaço, a saber, \'I IND. Q\' o número de pontos quádruplos e \'I IND. C / P\' o número de pares de pontos do tipo crosscap/plano, da imagem de uma aplicação estável. Ao reduzir o espaço das aplicações para o das imersões esáaveis, obtemos que o espaço dos invariantes locais de imersões estáveis é 3-dimensional. Os invariantes que obtemos são: \'I IND. Q\' o número de pares de pontos quádruplos da imagem de uma imersão estável e dois índices de interseção \'I IND. I\'`+ e \'I IND. l\' introduzidos por V. Goryunov em [15]. Como início de um estudo que almejamos realizar sobre a geometria de uma m-variedade em \'R POT. m+1\' com singularidades, obtemos os tipos de contatos genéricos da suspensão do crosscap (única singularidade estavel de \'R POT. 3\' em \'R POT. 4\' ) com hiperplanos de \'R POT.4\' / In this work we obtain that the space of first order local Vassiliev type invariants of stable maps of oriented 3-manifolds in \'R POT. 4\' is 4-dimensional. We give a geometric interpretation for two of the four generators of this space, namely, \'I IND. Q\' the number of quadruple points and \'I IND. C / P\' the number of pairs of points of crosscap/plane type, of the image of a stable map. In the case of stable immersions, we obtain that the space of local invariants of stable immersions is 3-dimensional. The invariants that we obtain are: \'I IND. Q\' the number of pairs of quadruple points of the image of a stable immersion and the positive and negative linking invariants \'I IND. I`+ and I\'I IND., l\' introduced by V. Goryunov in [15]. As a beging of a study that we want to realise about the geometry of a m-manifold in \'R POT. m+1\' with singularities, we obtain the generic contacts of the suspension of crosscap (the only stable singularity from \'R POT. 3\' to \'R POT. 4\') with hyperplanes of \'R POT. 4\'
2

Invariantes do tipo Vassiliev de aplicações estáveis de 3-variedade em \'R POT. 4\' / Vassiliev type invariants of stable mappings of 3-manifold in \'R POT. 4\'

Catiana Casonatto 28 July 2011 (has links)
Neste trabalho obtemos que o espaço dos invariantes locais do tipo Vassiliev de primeira ordem de aplicações estáveis de 3-variedade fechada orientada em \' R POT. 4\' é 4-dimensional. Damos uma interpretação geométrica para 2 dos 4 geradores deste espaço, a saber, \'I IND. Q\' o número de pontos quádruplos e \'I IND. C / P\' o número de pares de pontos do tipo crosscap/plano, da imagem de uma aplicação estável. Ao reduzir o espaço das aplicações para o das imersões esáaveis, obtemos que o espaço dos invariantes locais de imersões estáveis é 3-dimensional. Os invariantes que obtemos são: \'I IND. Q\' o número de pares de pontos quádruplos da imagem de uma imersão estável e dois índices de interseção \'I IND. I\'`+ e \'I IND. l\' introduzidos por V. Goryunov em [15]. Como início de um estudo que almejamos realizar sobre a geometria de uma m-variedade em \'R POT. m+1\' com singularidades, obtemos os tipos de contatos genéricos da suspensão do crosscap (única singularidade estavel de \'R POT. 3\' em \'R POT. 4\' ) com hiperplanos de \'R POT.4\' / In this work we obtain that the space of first order local Vassiliev type invariants of stable maps of oriented 3-manifolds in \'R POT. 4\' is 4-dimensional. We give a geometric interpretation for two of the four generators of this space, namely, \'I IND. Q\' the number of quadruple points and \'I IND. C / P\' the number of pairs of points of crosscap/plane type, of the image of a stable map. In the case of stable immersions, we obtain that the space of local invariants of stable immersions is 3-dimensional. The invariants that we obtain are: \'I IND. Q\' the number of pairs of quadruple points of the image of a stable immersion and the positive and negative linking invariants \'I IND. I`+ and I\'I IND., l\' introduced by V. Goryunov in [15]. As a beging of a study that we want to realise about the geometry of a m-manifold in \'R POT. m+1\' with singularities, we obtain the generic contacts of the suspension of crosscap (the only stable singularity from \'R POT. 3\' to \'R POT. 4\') with hyperplanes of \'R POT. 4\'
3

Instruments de la famille des flûtes : analyse des transitions entre régimes / Analysis of regime transitions in flute-like instruments

Terrien, Soizic 10 December 2014 (has links)
La diversité des régimes des instruments de la famille des flûtes a été mise en évidence à de nombreuses reprises : régimes statiques, périodiques, ou non périodiques. Cependant, de nombreux aspects de la dynamique de ces instruments demeurent mal compris. Pour les musiciens comme pour les facteurs d'instruments, les transitions entre régimes revêtent une importance particulière : d'une part elles correspondent à des changements de notes, et d'autre part la production d'un régime donné est conditionnée par les paramètres de facture (liés à la fabrication de l'instrument), et de contrôle (ajustés en permanence par l'instrumentiste). On s'attache dans ce document à caractériser les transitions entre régimes dans les flûtes, en lien avec des problématiques de facture et de jeu. Différentes approches sont mises en place. Des approches expérimentales d'une part, avec des mesures sur musicien et sur bouche artificielle. Par ailleurs, un modèle physique de l'instrument - un système dynamique à retard de type neutre - est étudié, par intégration temporelle d'une part, mais également par collocation orthogonale et continuation, donnant ainsi accès aux diagrammes de bifurcations.Croiser les résultats de ces différentes approches permet de mieux appréhender différents phénomènes : hystérésis associée aux changements de régime, ou mécanisme d'apparition des régimes non périodiques. L'influence de paramètres de facture et de contrôle est également étudiée : le rôle majeur de la géométrie interne du canal des flûtes à bec est mis en évidence, et l'influence de la dynamique de la pression dans la bouche du musicien sur les seuils de changement de régimes est caractérisée. / Various studies have highlighted the diversity of regimes in flute-like instruments : static, periodic or non periodic regimes. However, some aspects of their dynamics remain poorly understood. Both for flute players and makers, transitions between regimes are particularly important : on the one hand, they correspond to a change of the note played, and on the other hand, production of a given regime is determined by parameters related to making and to playing of the instrument. In this document, we are interested in caracteristics of regime change in flute-like instruments, in relation with making and playing issues.Different approches are considered. First, experimental methods, with measurement on both musician and an artificial mouth. On the other hand, a physical model of the instrument - a system of delay differential equations of neutral type - is studied, through time-domain integration, and using orthogonal collocation coupled to numerical continuation. This last approach provides access to bifurcation diagrams.Considering results of these different methods, it becomes possible to better understand different experimental phenomena, such as regime change and associated hysteresis, or production mechanisms of non periodic regimes. Influence of different parameters is further studied : the crucial importance of the channel geometry in recorders is highlighted, and the influence of the mouth pressure dynamics on regime change thresholds is analysed.

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