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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Design and synthesis of plant oil-based UV-curable acrylates for sustainable coating applications

Sung, Jonggeun January 1900 (has links)
Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Grain Science and Industry / X. Susan Sun / A demand in sustainable polymers has been increased because of the environment concerns and saving finite petroleum resources. Plant oils are promising renewable resources to produce environmentally friendly polymer applications. Soybean oil-based resins such as epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) have been well-known functionalized plant oils, but relatively low performances of their polymers and a competition with food production have been disadvantages. Thus, in this study, we designed new plant oil-based acrylates using non-food resources and achieved excellent properties of the acrylates for coatings and thermoset applications. Firstly, we developed coating materials with high mechanical, thermal and coating performances using acrylated epoxidized camelina oil (AECO) as a main acrylate monomer with various meth(acrylates) as reactive diluents Next, acrylated epoxidized cardanol modified fatty acids from camelina oil (AECFA) was successfully synthesized, and a phenolic structure with long aliphatic side chains with acrylic groups was obtained. The novel structure of AECFA provided rigidity into its polymer maintained with flexibility, and AECFA coating material showed better performances in terms of all properties such as mechanical, thermal, viscoelastic, and coating performances, as compared to commercial AESO resin. Finally, acrylated epoxidized allyl 10-undecenoate (AEAU) was developed from 10-undecenoic acid, castor oil derivative. The single fatty ester structure with di-functional acrylates of AEAU had very lower viscosity and showed better thermoset performances than those of triglyceride-based acrylates such as AESO and AECO. Thus, AEAU had a potential to an alternative to AESO for thermoset applications.
2

Résines thermodurcissables et nanocomposites époxydes renouvelables à base de furanne pour les applications de revêtement / Renewable furan-derived epoxy thermosets and nanocomposites for coating applications

Marotta, Angela 25 January 2019 (has links)
La recherche scientifique concernant les polymères biosourcés augmente rapidement pendant les dernières années, poussée par des croissantes préoccupations écologiques et économiques, ainsi que par l'incertitude sur la disponibilité future de ressources pétrochimiques limitées. Durabilité est un mot-clé de ce processus. Dans ce cadre, des produits respectueux de l'environnement, y compris des molécules et des additifs eco-compatibles, sont maintenant recherchés pour remplacer les polymères à base de pétrole par ceux dérivés de matières premières naturelles.Les résines époxydes sont des polymères thermodurcissables très polyvalents, extrêmement résistants à la corrosion, à l'humidité et aux produits chimiques, avec une bonne force d'adhérence à la plupart des matériaux et un faible retrait lors du durcissement. En raison de leurs températures de transition vitreuse élevées et de leur excellente résistance mécanique, les résines époxydes sont largement utilisées dans une large gamme d'applications, telles que l'électronique, les adhésifs structuraux, les composites pour l'aérospatiale et les revêtements protecteurs.Actuellement, plus des deux tiers des résines époxydes sont à base de diglycidyl éther de Bisphénol A. Dans cette industrie, la tendance à remplacer les matériaux dérivés du pétrole par des matériaux biosourcés est également liée à la nécessité de remplacer le bisphénol A (BPA), une molécule controversée, reconnu comme un perturbateur endocrinien et une substance reprotoxique. En particulier en application comme revêtement, l'utilisation de BPA présente un risque pour les utilisateurs d'aliments et de boissons conditionnés dans des récipients traités avec des résines époxydes. Les effets de la contamination du corps humain causée par le BPA sont le diabète, maladies cardiovasculaires, modification des enzymes hépatiques et les lésions de l'appareil reproducteur. Pour ces raisons, cette molécule a été interdite dans de nombreux pays pour la fabrication de produits pour enfants, ainsi qu'en France et au Canada de tous les matériaux en contact direct avec les aliments. La nécessité de développer de nouvelles résines époxy est donc urgente.Les molécules bio-dérivées développées depuis maintenant présentent des structures chimiques les plus diverses, chacune d’elles produisant des propriétés différentes des polymères finaux. Les caractéristiques particulières des résines époxydes sont liées à la structure aromatique de ses composants. Les molécules aromatiques présentes dans les matières premières naturelles proviennent principalement de la lignine, un des principaux constituants des parois cellulaires naturelles. Cependant, pour extraire des fragments aromatiques de la lignine, des procédés difficiles et consommateurs d’énergie sont nécessaires. Un substitut précieux des molécules aromatiques, facilement récupérables du glucose, sont les molécules furaniques ; leur validité a été étayée par plusieurs études.À la lumière de ce qui précède, les travaux présentés ici sont focalisés sur la production de résines époxyde à base de furane comme substitut potentiel de DGEBA dans l’industrie du revêtement de boîtes de conserve. Le cycle complet du matériau a été étudié : des synthèses de monomères époxydes furaniques ont été proposées, puis des thermodurcis époxydes ont été obtenus et caractérisés à la fois dans leurs propriétés chimiques et physiques (étude de la cinétique de durcissement, des propriétés mécaniques et thermiques). En outre, l’application des matériaux thermodurcissables époxydes proposés comme revêtement interne des boîtes de conserve a été testée. / Research on bio-based polymers is rapidly increasing in last years, pushed by growing environmental and economic concerns, as well as by the uncertainty about future availability of finite petrochemical resources. Sustainability is a keyword in this process. In this frame, products that are respectful towards the environment, including eco-compatible building blocks and additives, are now researched to replace petroleum-based polymers with those derived from naturally occurring feedstocks. Epoxy resins are very versatile thermosetting polymers, extremely resistant to corrosion, moisture and chemicals, with good adhesive strength toward most materials (wettability) and low shrinkage upon curing. Due to their high glass transition temperatures and excellent mechanical strength, epoxy resins are widely employed in a broad range of applications, such as electronics, structural adhesives, aerospace composites and protective coatings. More than two-thirds of epoxy resins nowadays are based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A. In this industry the trend to replace petrol-derived materials with bio-based ones is related also to the necessity to substitute the Bisphenol A (BPA), a controversial building block recognized as an endocrine disrupter and reprotoxic substance. In particular in application as coating, the use of BPA results in hazard for customers of food and beverage products packed into containers treated with epoxy resins. The effects of human body contamination caused by BPA are diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, altered liver enzymes and reproductive apparatus damages. For these reasons, this molecule has been banned in many countries for the manufacturing of child products, and in France and Canada from all the materials in direct contact with food. The necessity to develop new epoxy resins results therefore urgent.Bio-derived molecules since now developed show the most various chemical structure, each of them producing different properties of final polymers. Peculiar characteristic shown by epoxy resins are related to the aromatic structure of its components. Aromatic molecules present in natural feedstock are mainly derived from lignin, one of the principal constituents of natural cell walls. However, to extract aromatic moieties from lignin, difficult and energy consuming processes are required. A valuable replacement of aromatic molecules, easily recoverable from glucose, are furanic molecules; their validity has been supported by several studies. In the light of the above, the work here presented is focused on production of furanic bio-based epoxy resins as potential substitute of DGEBA in can coating industry. The complete cycle of the material has been studied: the synthesis of furanic epoxy monomers and epoxy thermosets, the characterization of their chemical and physical properties (study of curing kinetics, mechanical and thermal properties). Furthermore, the application of bio-based epoxy thermosets as cans internal lining has been evaluated. Experimental results demonstrated that the obtained resins have good potential to be proposed as good alternatives to the traditional BPA-containing epoxy resins.
3

Soybean oil based resin for transparent flexible coating applications

Sung, Jonggeun January 1900 (has links)
Master of Science / Department of Grain Science and Industry / Xiuzhi Susan Sun / Soybean oil-based resin for transparent flexible coating applications were formulated by dihydroxyl soybean oil (DSO) with commercial epoxy monomers (i.e., epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate (ECHM)). The resin was formed to thermoset polymers using cationic ring-opening photopolymerization. The ether crosslinking and post-polymerization of the polymeric network were observed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermal properties of the bio-based coating materials and their copolymerization behaviors were examined using a differential scanning calorimetry and a thermogravimetric analyzer. Crosslink density and molecular weight between crosslink were obtained from dynamic mechanical analysis. ECHM/DSO (1: 1.43 weight ratio) films showed the highest elongation at break (49.2 %) with a tensile strength of 13.7 MPa. After 2 months storage, the elongation at break and tensile strength of films were 32 % and 15.1 MPa, respectively. ESO/DSO films (w/w ratios of 1:0.1, 1:0.15, and 1:0.2) exhibited stable flexibility around 11-13 % of elongations at break without significant reductions of tensile strengths (2.5 to 4.4 MPa) during 2-months shelf life. Optical transparencies of the films were comparable to commercial glass and polymers, and water uptake properties (0.72 and 2.83%) were significantly low.

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