By the end of the American Revolution, Nathanael Green ranked second only to Washington as a leader of the Americans' fight for independence. How he developed the character that made him such a remarkably successful Revolutionary general, however, has never been established. Four influences seem to have been paramount in shaping Greene's character. First, his upbringing as a Rhode Island Quaker bequeathed to him a pronounced strain of self-reliance and anti-establishment and anti-authoritarian attitudes. Second, though raised a Quaker, he early began a lifelong devotion to reading in Enlightenment thought, the classics, history, literature, and legal, social, and political commentary. This reading sharpened an already impressive intellect. It also made a powerful case for reason and rationality, personal character, republican and representative forms of government, and public virtue, while discouraging luxury, ambition, and the pursuit of private interests. Third, when Greene reached his majority he became a full partner in his family's business, sharpening his managerial skills, establishing important contacts, and whetting his ambition. Finally, the colonies' worsening relations with England radicalized Greene's political views and impelled him to begin an intensive study of military affairs. Thus he became a patriot and earned a brigadier general's commission in the Continental Army; and thus, through his energy, insight, and ability, he rose to the summit of American command. From 1775 to 1780 he served two long apprenticeships, first as subordinate commander under Washington, and then as the army's quartermaster general, steadily refining his political and military thought. By the end of 1779, no American general understood better than Greene the need to preserve the army rather than aggressively seek battle, to protract the war and wear away British will, to establish a strong central government and standing army, and to sustain the people's support. He was ready for independent command.

This dissertation is an in-depth examination of the personal and professional life of Galvestonian William Pitt Ballinger (1825-1888), one of Texas' foremost nineteenth-century jurists. From the day he took his attorney's oath to the time of his death, Ballinger pursued his legal career with a tenacity that often drove him to physical and mental exhaustion. Proclaimed by the legal community long before his death as "the Nestor of the Texas Bar," Ballinger, ironically, was uncomfortable with such praise, and throughout adult life questioned his potential. At times equivocal, even arbitrary when crucial political issues were involved, Ballinger was determined to do what was most honorable and just, regardless of consequence. Foremost to Ballinger was the security of his family and practice, but he nevertheless devoted himself to the aggrandizement and enrichment of his beloved Galveston. Minimizing his involvement in political controversy, Ballinger never actively sought political office but seldom ignored the popular demand for his participation in civic affairs. An elitist, Ballinger's sense of privilege was tempered by an equally strong sentiment of social responsibility. He believed that there was a certain accountability incumbent upon men of professional status: individuals had careers but gentlemen of substance had communal obligations as well. Despite an avowed apoliticism, by the late 1850's, Ballinger had thrown off his restraint and invested his reputation in saving the nation from dissolution. When that failed, he offered his talents and allegiance to his new country--the Confederate States of America. Whatever the cause, once committed, Ballinger's undertakings often became personal obsessions. Ballinger's contributions to Texas history were perhaps not as dramatic nor monumental as those of an Austin or a Houston, but were nevertheless significant: few Texans had ever done more to promote a given profession or a community's sense of welfare than Ballinger. While his services and devotion has secured his place in Texas history, Ballinger was above all a nineteenth-century man who shared the same experiences, disappointments and tribulations as his contemporaries. For the majority of nineteenth-century Americans, physical survival rather than the performance of romantic and gradiose deeds, was the principal concern. Ballinger distinguished himself in that he persevered beyond the challenges of everyday life to reckon with the crises of his times.

<p>ABSTRACT Ed Cleino (b.1917), percussionist, singer, and music educator, was one of the most important figures in the development and expansion of the Music Education Department at the University of Alabama. This study chronicled Cleino's life and professional contributions in four periods: his childhood and education (1917-38); his early professional life (1939-48); his tenure at the University of Alabama (1949-78); and his leadership in state and national professional organizations (1950-78). The purpose of this research was to record the career and contributions of Ed Cleino, place such events in their appropriate socio-cultural and historical contexts, recount the development and expansion of the music education programs at the University of Alabama and his pioneering work in the field of educational television, describe his contributions and leadership in the Music Educators National Conference (MENC) and the Alabama Music Educators Conference (AMEA), and discuss the significance of these contributions to the University of Alabama, the music educators of the state of Alabama and across the country, and the countless numbers of lives he influenced. Sources included photographs, course catalogs, commencement programs, and other artifacts held in the Hoole Special Collections Library at the University of Alabama and numerous other archives and libraries where Cleino lived, attended school, and served his profession. Interviews with Ed Cleino, his family members, colleagues, and former students also served as significant primary sources for this study. Additionally, the Cleino family shared numerous awards, letters, photographs, and personal artifacts that aided in documenting Cleino's accomplishments and contributions. Findings of this investigation argued that the socio-cultural contexts of the United States and universities of the post-WWII era, along with unexpected professional relationships, interacted with Cleino's lifelong appreciation for music, music skills, teaching ability, and personable nature to orchestrate his career.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of History and Philosophy of Science, 2006. / "Title from dissertation home page (viewed June 27, 2007)." Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-06, Section: A, page: 2297. Adviser: Sander Gliboff.

Through comparison between mystical experiences of Ellen White, one of the originators of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, and Miki Nakayama, foundress of the Tenrikyo sect, this study intends to (1) describe some of the similarities and differences seen in mystical experiences drawn from different contexts, and (2) analyze and explain the factors responsible for these similarities and differences. Mystical experience has at least three main aspects--natural, cultural, and personal. The first is the element that is very closely linked with human nature; the second refers to the side that is controlled by cultural tradition; the last signifies the totality of the mystic's personality and life history. Broadly speaking, similarities emerge in the natural phase of mystical experience; differences characterize the personal aspect; in the cultural aspect, however, both differences and similarities can be observed. That is to say, the former predominates when the experiences are compared through the prism of different cultures, whereas the latter is, as a rule, found within the same cultural environment. This study will explore the above theses by means of a comparison of the mystical experiences of White and Nakayama.

This dissertation surveys the social thought and activity of Metropolitan Sheptytsky, as a contextual instance of Catholic social ethics. Proceeding chronologically through the five major periods which the Metropolitan's career encompassed, it focusses on the key social and political issues that Metropolitan Sheptytsky addressed, with a view toward shedding new light on his ethical reflection. A close study of the Metropolitan's writings and activity clearly indicates that the operative norms of his theoretical and practical reflection on social and political issues were the Christian principles of love and justice, rather than nationalist or other political principles, as many have suggested. In the social sphere, Sheptytsky's critics and supporters alike have argued that, under his leadership, the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church became a national Church, aligned with the Ukrainian national movement. Similarly, Metropolitan Sheptytsky's social thought and activity is commonly thought to have been influenced by Ukrainian nationalist ideas and influences. The present study of the Metropolitan's social teaching and activity calls into question the above supposition, which does not appear to be supported by the evidence of the Metropolitan's social writings and activity. On the contrary, Sheptytsky's critique of militant nationalism and chauvinism, as well as his advocacy of Christian patriotism reveals that his social reflection was grounded in the Christian ethical norm of fraternal love. Other important social issues that the Metropolitan addressed (the socioeconomic action of the Church, socialism, and communism), and which are examined here also reveal his commitment to the same fundamental norm of Christian ethics. In the political sphere, much has been made of the accomodating posture which the Metropolitan assumed toward states and occupying authorities in each of the periods considered here. By focussing exclusively on those efforts by the Metropolitan to seek a modus vivendi, it has been argued that Sheptytsky was a loyal collaborator with the civil power of the moment. The present study analyzes Metropolitan Sheptytsky's approach to the question of Church-state relations in the five periods. What emerges is a complex approach to Church-state relations, one that was governed by a principle of justice expressed as a reciprocity of rights and duties. In that framework, it becomes clear that the Metropolitan did not consider the accomodationist line in the Pauline call to obey civil authority as an absolute principle, but rather as a rule of thumb which could be overridden by higher principles and values (for example, the state's duty to provide "wise leadership" and to issue "just dictates," and the ultimate precedence of divine over human law). The appeal to those higher principles was based on an assessment of the needs of the concrete situation at hand, and Metropolitan Sheptytsky showed considerable attentiveness to extremely complex and constantly changing situations. Other political issues that Sheptytsky addressed--in particular, the delineation of legitimate levels of political activity by priests--reveal a similar use of a language of rights and duties, and an underlying commitment to justice as the fundamental norm governing and defining the scope of the political action of the Church. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

En 1645, lorsque le père Paul Ragueneau fut nommé supérieur de la mission huronne et qu'il commença à rédiger ses Relations , François Gendron et Christophe Regnaut, deux donnés (domestiques ad vitam ), y occupaient déjà respectivement les postes de chirurgien et de cordonnier. Gendron et Regnaut laissèrent tous deux des récits de leur voyage. Ces textes sont exceptionnels d'abord parce qu'ils furent rédigés par des donnés vivant dans une mission religieuse, mais aussi parce que plusieurs indices laissent croire qu'ils auraient pu servir la plume du père Ragueneau pendant la rédaction de certaines parties des Relations . Cette thèse entend mettre en lumière le cadre historique dans lequel s'inscrivent les récits des donnés , les spécificités inhérentes à cette écriture de voyage (épistolarité et authenticité) et les particularités de ce discours par rapport à celui du père Ragueneau. Cette analyse éclaire donc l'émergence des deux seules voix données de la Huronie, connues à ce jour.

This study explores some fundamental aspects of The Diary of Frida Kahlo, namely its classification as a diary, the impact of the prologues of the different versions on the diary's reception, and the various dialogues taking place within it and the rest of Kahlo's artistic production. The first part focuses on the classification of this work as a diary. The theoretical sources utilized to establish the characteristics of the diary genre are: Le journal intime by Beatrice Didier, and the scholarly article by Valerie Raoul, "Women and Diaries: Gender and Genre". This chapter demonstrates that there are certain aspects of Kahlo's diary that indeed correspond to the genre whereas other elements distance it from this classification. In the second part of this study, the role and impact of the introduction and prefatory essays is examined. The basis of the analysis of the different prefaces is Gerard Genette's concept of the paratexte as elaborated in his book, Seuils. In the final part of the study an interpretation of Kahlo's diary is offered which focuses particularly on the notion of dialogue. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

This M.A. thesis offers the first modern annotated edition of Juan Perez de Montalban's auto sacramental Escanderbech. It consists of: (A) An Introductory study which consists of the following sections: (1) a brief history of the life and works of Juan Perez de Montalban; (2) general survey of the development of the auto sacramental, (the Spanish sacramental play or mystery play in honour of the Eucharist), as a literary genre; (3) the composition, performance and sources of the auto Escanderbech; (4) an analysis of the auto sacramental Escanderbech with special emphasis on its allegorical nature; (5) notes on the Introductory study. (B) The edited text of Escanderbech (based on the text in Para Todos). The spelling and punctuation have been modernized, except where pronunciation would otherwise have been affected. (C) (1) Philological notes, where biblical, mythological and historical allusions are adequately pointed out and other structures that might present semantic or syntactic difficulties have been explained; (2) abbreviations used in the philological notes; (3) an index of words commented in the philological notes; (4) an index of proper nouns. (D) Bibliography which will facilitate future study of the auto.

Abstract Not Available.