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Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is the most common injury in runners. This thesis investigates the theory that prolonged eversion at the rear-foot causes prolonged tibial internal rotation and excessive femoral internal rotation, and predisposes female, distance runners to PFPS. Since eversion occurs at the subtalar joint, the morphology of the talus and calcaneus were also assessed. The study was a case-control investigation between female runners with a history of PFPS (n = 9) and normal controls (n = 10). Gait analysis was used to measure lower-limb joint angles during barefoot, treadmill running. It was hypothesised that runners with PFPS would demonstrate prolonged rearfoot eversion and tibial internal rotation, and increased hip internal rotation compared to normal controls. Computed tomography was used to image the foot and ankle in simulated weight-bearing using a custom-built loading rig. Three-dimensional models of the talus and calcaneus were generated and their shapes were quantified using principal axis lengths and orientations. The results did not support the theory that prolonged eversion and rear-foot structure predispose to PFPS during running, and attributing PFPS to these factors should be done with discretion. However, runners with a history of PFPS exhibited increased rear-foot eversion, reduced rear-foot dorsiflexion and increased knee internal rotation compared to normal controls during running, walking and squatting. Subjects with PFPS also demonstrated increased dorsiflexion at the mid-foot. It was proposed that increased eversion was secondary to reduced rear-foot dorsiflexion as this enabled compensatory dorsiflexion at the mid-tarsal complex. Due to the tight articulation of the ankle mortise, increased knee internal rotation corresponds well with excessive rear-foot eversion. A prospective study is required to establish whether these kinematic alterations are a cause or an effect of PFPS.

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LorennaMMS_DISSERT.pdf: 2596311 bytes, checksum: 93aade0bed81a85e048ee273d698ce3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / A pr?tica mental (PM) ? um m?todo que vem mostrando benef?cios na reabilita??o de pacientes neurol?gicos, por?m, ainda n?o h? evid?ncias dos efeitos imediatos na marcha de indiv?duos com Doen?a de Parkinson (DP). OBJETIVO: Verificar os efeitos imediatos da PM na marcha de indiv?duos com DP. M?TODO: Foi realizado um ensaio cl?nico com 20 indiv?duos com DP Idiop?tica, com idade m?dia de 61,35 anos (DP=?9,26). A avalia??o compreendeu os aspectos sociodemogr?ficos, cl?nicos e antropom?tricos, o estado cognitivo, o n?vel de incapacidade f?sica, o n?vel de capacidade de deambula??o, a nitidez da imagem mental, a cinem?tica da marcha, a fun??o motora, as atividades de vida di?ria e a mobilidade. Os indiv?duos foram distribu?dos aleatoriamente em 2 grupos: 10 para o grupo experimental (GE) e 10 para o grupo controle (GC). As interven??es foram realizadas em uma ?nica sess?o. Inicialmente, ambos os grupos precisaram identificar as altera??es t?picas da marcha parkinsoniana e memorizar as etapas da marcha normal. Em seguida, o GE foi submetido a um protocolo de PM e pr?tica f?sica (PF) da marcha e o GC ? PF da marcha. Foram reavaliados 10 minutos, 1 dia e 7 dias ap?s o fim da sess?o ?nica. Os desfechos prim?rios foram comprimento da passada e tempo total do apoio e balan?o e os secund?rios foram amplitude de movimento do quadril, velocidade e desempenho no TUG Test. A normalidade na distribui??o dos dados foi verificada por meio do teste Shapiro Wilk. O Teste t e o Mann-Whitney foram usados para verificar a homogeneidade dos grupos no baseline. Uma ANOVA para medidas repetidas verificou a intera??o entre os grupos nos momentos observados. A Correla??o de Pearson verificou a correla??o entre vari?veis. RESULTADOS: N?o houve diferen?a significativa entre os grupos. Foi observado diferen?a apenas intragrupo com rela??o a velocidade, comprimento da passada, amplitude de movimento do quadril, desempenho no TUG Test, tempo total do apoio e do balan?o. CONCLUS?O: A PM n?o mostrou efeitos superiores ? PF na marcha de indiv?duos com DPI, sendo realizada em uma ?nica sess?o