Thesis (B.S.)--University of Missouri, School of Mines and Metallurgy, 1906. / The entire thesis text is included in file. Typescript. Illustrated by authors. J. V. Stevens determined to be John Vivian Stevens, F. B. Powell determined to be Frank Bowman Powell, and J. D. Shanks determined to be John Dozier Shanks from "Forty-First Annual Catalogue. School of Mines and Metallurgy, University of Missouri". Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed February 4, 2009)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1929. / Typescript. Includes various publications from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics written by the author, et. al. Includes bibliographical references.

Presented as Fritsche's Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1932. / Includes bibliographical references.

M.Ing. / Steel products can be produced by either following the blast furnace with oxygen steel making route or the electric arc steel making route. The blast furnace with oxygen route requires liquid iron to produce steel and the electric arc route requires scrap metal as a major input. This in essence implies that for the blast furnace route if no liquid iron is produced, no steel products will be produced and similarly so for the electric arc route. ArcelorMittal Vanderbijlpark Works produces its liquid iron from two furnaces namely blast furnace C and blast furnace D. However the reliability of these furnaces is in question as their daily operations are plagued with random failures of equipment and machinery. The main consequence of these failures is the unavailability of the furnaces to produce liquid iron. This is undesirable from a business perspective due to the inherent production losses, loss of potential earnings as well as the high costs incurred to restore the furnaces back into operation.This research dissertation will focus on the operation of these blast furnaces. The fundamental success criteria for this research document will be to identify opportunities to improve the reliable operation of these furnaces. The scope of the work will however be limited to blast furnace C and particularly at improving its charging system’s availability. The availability of the charging system can be improved by knowing what type of failures to expect and how to mitigate their effects. A starting point would then be to examine past failure data. Thus data from 2008 has been collected and analyzed making use of statistical methods, design analysis methods and research methodologies. The results suggest that the availability of the system has a direct correlation between its reliability and maintainability. The results obtained were then subjected to a risk analysis to identify measures that could be employed to improve the charging system’s availability.

The influence of coking conditions, with respect to position in a commercial coke-oven, on the mechanical behaviour of blast furnace coke has been studied. This involved the determination of density, porosity, the characterization of microstructure and assessing the influence of all three on the compressive strength of coke. The plastic flow properties were also investigated at temperatures greater than 1000°C. Three coke batches, originating in a 5m commercial coke-oven at three different positions with respect to height (0.8m, 3.3m and 5m below the coal line), along with three coke batches produced in a 460mm test-oven, were supplied by Energy, Mines and Resources (CANMET) in Ottawa. A warf coke batch was also provided as a control sample. Several hundred core-drilled specimens (≃1.3cm diameter and 1.3cm length) were produced from the seven coke batches. The bulk density of each cylindrical coke specimen was determined. Also, a detailed microstructural analysis, using a Leitz Image Analyzer, of the flat faces of the coke cylinders was performed to quantitatively characterize the pore and cell wall size, and the pore geometry. The compressive strength of each coke cylinder was determined both at ambient temperature and at 1400°C. In addition, the plastic flow behaviour of the commercially produced coke batches was studied. Results indicate that the coke product bulk density was affected by the coke-oven pressure (static load). Studies of the test-oven coke batches revealed that coke bulk density increased with higher oven pressure. Furthermore, the pore size was found to be larger for cokes produced at lower oven pressures. The cell wall size did not appear to be affected by coke-oven pressure. The bulk density of the commercially produced samples increased with depth below the coal line. This was attributed to a higher temperature and static load that existed at the bottom of the battery. The pore size was larger in cokes extracted from higher regions. No correlation of cell wall size with depth below the coal line was found. However, an oven size effect on the pore and wall size was noticed. Both the pore and wall size was smaller in the test-oven coke batches. The compressive strength of coke was higher in batches subjected to higher coke-oven pressures. Similarly,' the compressive strength of commercial coke batches was higher for coke batches extracted from regions near the sole of the coke-oven, than that for coke batches extracted from higher regions. It was concluded that high oven pressures resulted in cokes exhibiting a lower porosity and small pores which had the combined effect of producing stronger coke. Coke strength was generally shown to be higher at 1400°C than at room temperature. The test-oven cokes were always stronger than cokes produced in the 5m commercial coke-oven. Constant load tests revealed that coke exhibited plastic flow behaviour at temperatures above 1000°C. The time dependent strain data was described using an interactive-double-Kelvin element visco-elastic model. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Materials Engineering, Department of / Graduate

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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- McMaster University, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available via World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1928. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-80).

The ironmaking blast furnace (BF) remains the most significant and important process for the production of liquid iron. For the achievement of stable furnace operation and good performance, mathematical modellings at different levels increasingly become a powerful tool in developing better understanding of this multiphase flow system, in particular the gas-solid flow. This thesis represents an effort in this area. A simplified and continuum-based mathematical model is proposed and tested to predict the BF gas-solid flow at a macroscopic level. The results show that the simple model is able to predict the general features of the solid flow, including the effects of gas and solid flowrates, and materials properties. The simplified model can be readily implemented in a full process model that needs to have a quick response to change for the purpose of control and optimization. To overcome the difficulties encountered in continuum modelling, i.e. determination of constitutive correlations, and particularly the description of the stagnant zone when related to BF, a discrete model based on the coupling approach of discrete element method (DEM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is then employed to investigate the gas-solid flow in a model BF at a microscopic level. The results confirm the effects of variables such as gas flow rate, solid flow rate, particle properties, and model types. More importantly, such an approach can generate abundant microscopic information such as flow structure (particle velocity, porosity, coordination number) and force structure, which are of paramount importance to elucidate the gas-solid flow mechanisms, and develop a more comprehensive understanding of BF gas-solid flow, such as the formation mechanism of the stagnant zone. Further, the transient gas-solid flow phenomena, together with the considerations of cohesive zones and hearth liquid, can be predicted. Further, in order to develop understanding of thermal behaviour and elucidate the heat transfer mechanisms occurring in particle-fluid flow system, a new model is proposed by extending the DEM-CFD, and then tested in gas fluidization. The model considers the three heat transfer modes, and demonstrates its ability in investigating the heat transfer mechanisms, and offers an effective method to elucidate the mechanisms governing the heat transfer in particle-fluid systems at a particle scale. It is recommended to apply to the study of BF thermal behaviour.

No description available.