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There are two parts to this thesis; one is a critical study, the other comprises two literary texts. In the first part, I speak of the links between fiction and autobiography. Having defined these two terms, I then look at the ways they are present in several works by Janine Boissard, a French writer. I try to understand the techniques that are needed to write fiction and autobiography. The second part of the thesis contains an autobiographical story and a short story that uses some autobiographical elements. It shows how an event is modified by memory, in the case of the autobiographical text, and by imagination, in the case of the short story. Finally, in a brief essay, I discuss the difficulties I encountered in writing each of these texts.