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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Novel light trapping and nonlinear dynamics in nanophotonic devices

Shaimaa I Azzam (9174383) 27 July 2020 (has links)
<div><div><div><p>Numerous fundamental quests and technological advances require trapping light waves. Generally, light is trapped by the absence of radiation channels or by forbid- ding access to them. Unconventional bound states of light, called bound states in the continuum (BICs), have recently gained tremendous interest due to their peculiar and extreme capabilities of trapping light in open structures with access to radiation. A BIC is a localized state of an open structure with access to radiation channels, yet it remains highly confined with, in theory, infinite lifetime and quality factor. There have been many realizations of such exceptional states in dielectric systems without loss. However, realizing BICs in lossy systems such as those in plasmonics remains a challenge. This thesis explores the realization of BICs in a hybrid plasmonic-photonic structure consisting of a plasmonic grating coupled to a dielectric optical waveguide with diverging radiative quality factors. The plasmonic-photonic system supports two distinct groups of BICs: symmetry protected BICs and Friedrich-Wintgen BICs. The photonic waveguide modes are strongly coupled to the gap plasmons in the grating leading to an avoided crossing behavior with a high value of Rabi splitting of 150 meV . Additionally, it is shown that the strong coupling significantly alters the band diagram of the hybrid system, revealing opportunities for supporting stopped light at an off-Γ wide angular span.</p><p>In another study, we demonstrate the design of a BIC-based all-dielectric metasurface and its application as a nanolaser. Metasurfaces have received an ever-growing interest due to their unprecedented ability to control light using subwavelength structures arranged in an ultrathin planar profile. However, the spectral response of meta- surfaces is generally broad, limiting their use in applications requiring high quality (Q) factors. In this study, we design, fabricate, and optically characterize metasur- faces with very high Q-factors operating near the BIC regime. The metasurfaces are coated with an organic lasing dye as an active medium, and their lasing action is experimentally characterized. The proposed BIC-based metasurfaces nanolaser have very favorable characteristics including low threshold, easily tunable resonances, polarization-independent response, and room temperature operation.</p><div><div><div><p>The second part of the thesis deals with the nonlinear phenomenon in nanopho- tonic structures. We developed an advanced full-wave framework to model nonlinear light-matter interactions. Rate equations, describing atomic relaxations and excita- tion dynamics, are coupled to the Maxwell equations using a Lorentzian oscillator that models the kinetics-dependent light-matter interaction in the form of averaged polarization. The coupled equations are discretized in space and time using a finite- difference time-domain method that provides a versatile multiphysics framework for designing complex structures and integrating diverse material models. The proposed framework is used to study gain dynamics in silver nanohole array, reverse saturable absorption dynamic in optical limiters, and saturable absorption in random lasers. This framework provides critical insights into the design of photonic devices and their complementary optical characterization, and serve as an invaluable utility for guiding the development of synthetic materials. It allows accurate physics-based numerical modeling and optimization of the devices with complex micro- and nano-structured materials and complex illumination sources such as non-paraxial structured beams.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div>
2

Propriedades de transporte de um plano de grafeno com átomos adsorvidos /

Machado, Robyson dos Santos. January 2017 (has links)
Orientador: Antonio Carlos Ferreira Seridonio / Resumo: Esta tese é dedicada ao estudo teórico das propriedades de transp orte eletrônico do grafeno hosp edando um par de átomos adsorvidos em diferentes geometrias. Na primeira delas, verificamos a densidade lo cal de estados (LDOS) do plano de grafeno hos p edando um par de átomos adsorvidos, distantes entre si, no centro de uma célula hexagonal da rede. Nesta primeira configuração, efeitos de correlação revelaram uma es trutura multiníveis na LDOS e padrõ es de batimentos na densidade de estados (DOS) induzida. Amb os efeitos são anisotrópicos e o correm na vizinhança dos p ontos de Dirac. Em um segundo arranjo, estudamos a formação de estados ligados ao contínuo (BICs) adsorvendo um par de átomos em lados op ostos do plano de grafeno e colineares com o centro de uma célula hexagonal. Mostramos que nesta configuração a LDOS é caracterizada p or uma dep endência cúbica na energia e que um mecanismo de interferência Fano destrutiva assistida p or uma correlação de Coulomb nas impurezas leva a formação de BICs. Na terceira geometria, analisamos os efeitos do acoplamento não-lo cal de um par de átomos adsorvidos colineares a um átomo de carb ono da rede na LDOS do grafeno. Em tal arranjo, canais de tunelamento eletrônico distintos dão origem a um fator de interferência Fano q0, que se torna um parâmetro de controle natural do sistema. Verificamos três regimes distintos para o sistema: (i) quando q0 < qc1 (ponto crítico) uma dependência mista do pseudogap, ∆ ∝ | ε| , | ε| 2, leva o si... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In this thesis we present a detailed theoretical study of the electronic transp ort prop erties of graphene systems hosting a pair of adatoms in distinct geometries. In the first one, where the adatoms are placed distant from each other at the center of the hexagonal cell, we verify multilevels struture in the lo cal density of states (LDOS) and b eat patterns in the induced density of states (DOS) profiles due to correlation effects. The b oth findings are anissotropic and o ccour near the Dirac p oint. In the second system, we study the formation of b ound states in the continuum (BICs) in a pair of adatoms on opp osite sides of the graphene sheet and colinear with the center of the hexagonal cell. In such a set, we show that the LDOS is caracterized by a cubic dep endence in energy and that the Fano destrutive interference assisted by Coulomb correlation in the adatoms gives rise to the BICs formation. In the third configuration, we analyze the effects of the nonlo cal coupling in a pair of adatoms collinear to a carb on atom of the graphene sheet. In such a geometry, distinct tunneling paths lead to a Fano factor of interferance q0, which becomes a natural control parameter of the system. In this sense, we verify three distinct regimes: (i) when q0 < qc1 (critical point) a mixed dependence of the pseudogap, ∆ ∝ | ε| , | ε| 2, gives rise to a phase presenting spin-degenerates BICs; (ii) near to q0 = qc1, we find a pseudogap ∆ ∝ | ε| 2 , where the system is drives to a quan... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor
3

Propriedades de transporte de um plano de grafeno com átomos adsorvidos / Transport properties of a graphene plane with adsorbed atoms

Machado, Robyson dos Santos 13 December 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Robyson dos Santos Machado null (robysonmachado@gmail.com) on 2018-01-29T16:54:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Robyson_29-01.pdf: 10773768 bytes, checksum: 30cf1a501f0e0488a4a7fd641ca89a3d (MD5) / Rejected by Cristina Alexandra de Godoy null (cristina@adm.feis.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize correções na submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: 1. Verificar a normalização do seu trabalho (por exemplo: inserir palavras-chave após o resumo e abstract), seguindo as orientações da biblioteca. 2. Inserir a ficha catalográfica elaborada pela biblioteca após a normalização do seu trabalho. on 2018-01-29T18:30:28Z (GMT) / Submitted by Robyson dos Santos Machado null (robysonmachado@gmail.com) on 2018-01-30T17:28:31Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese_Robyson_29-01.pdf: 10773768 bytes, checksum: 30cf1a501f0e0488a4a7fd641ca89a3d (MD5) Tese_Robyson_FEIS.pdf: 11626510 bytes, checksum: 8eef9dcbe69dc8cabfa8af13f3d9241c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cristina Alexandra de Godoy null (cristina@adm.feis.unesp.br) on 2018-01-30T18:30:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 machado_rs_dr_ilha.pdf: 11541631 bytes, checksum: 95dc986f0b7db1798926b947044f32d2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-30T18:30:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 machado_rs_dr_ilha.pdf: 11541631 bytes, checksum: 95dc986f0b7db1798926b947044f32d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta tese é dedicada ao estudo teórico das propriedades de transp orte eletrônico do grafeno hosp edando um par de átomos adsorvidos em diferentes geometrias. Na primeira delas, verificamos a densidade lo cal de estados (LDOS) do plano de grafeno hos p edando um par de átomos adsorvidos, distantes entre si, no centro de uma célula hexagonal da rede. Nesta primeira configuração, efeitos de correlação revelaram uma es trutura multiníveis na LDOS e padrõ es de batimentos na densidade de estados (DOS) induzida. Amb os efeitos são anisotrópicos e o correm na vizinhança dos p ontos de Dirac. Em um segundo arranjo, estudamos a formação de estados ligados ao contínuo (BICs) adsorvendo um par de átomos em lados op ostos do plano de grafeno e colineares com o centro de uma célula hexagonal. Mostramos que nesta configuração a LDOS é caracterizada p or uma dep endência cúbica na energia e que um mecanismo de interferência Fano destrutiva assistida p or uma correlação de Coulomb nas impurezas leva a formação de BICs. Na terceira geometria, analisamos os efeitos do acoplamento não-lo cal de um par de átomos adsorvidos colineares a um átomo de carb ono da rede na LDOS do grafeno. Em tal arranjo, canais de tunelamento eletrônico distintos dão origem a um fator de interferência Fano q0, que se torna um parâmetro de controle natural do sistema. Verificamos três regimes distintos para o sistema: (i) quando q0 < qc1 (ponto crítico) uma dependência mista do pseudogap, ∆ ∝ | ε| , | ε| 2, leva o sistema a uma fase que apresenta BICs spin-degenerados; (ii) próximo à q0 = qc1 quando ∆ ∝ | ε| 2 o sistema é conduzido a uma transição de fase quântica em que a nova fase é caracterizada por BICs magnéticos, e (iii) no segundo valor crítico, q0 > qc2, a dependência cúbica do pseudogap com a energia recupera a degenerescência de spin e a fase com BICs nãomagnéticos é restaurada. Verificamos ainda que um acoplamento local, nesta mesma geometria, não é propício a formação de BICs. No último caso, examinamos a afirmação de que o grafeno livre não demonstra qualquer propriedade ferróica, e mostramos que quando hospedando um par de impurezas ele pode ser conduzido a fases ferroelétrica e multiferróica por meio de um controle da inclinação dos cones de Dirac. A transição para a fase ferroelétrica ocorre gradativamente, enquanto que a fase multiferróica anômala surge abruptamente em uma transição de fase quântica. / In this thesis we present a detailed theoretical study of the electronic transp ort prop erties of graphene systems hosting a pair of adatoms in distinct geometries. In the first one, where the adatoms are placed distant from each other at the center of the hexagonal cell, we verify multilevels struture in the lo cal density of states (LDOS) and b eat patterns in the induced density of states (DOS) profiles due to correlation effects. The b oth findings are anissotropic and o ccour near the Dirac p oint. In the second system, we study the formation of b ound states in the continuum (BICs) in a pair of adatoms on opp osite sides of the graphene sheet and colinear with the center of the hexagonal cell. In such a set, we show that the LDOS is caracterized by a cubic dep endence in energy and that the Fano destrutive interference assisted by Coulomb correlation in the adatoms gives rise to the BICs formation. In the third configuration, we analyze the effects of the nonlo cal coupling in a pair of adatoms collinear to a carb on atom of the graphene sheet. In such a geometry, distinct tunneling paths lead to a Fano factor of interferance q0, which becomes a natural control parameter of the system. In this sense, we verify three distinct regimes: (i) when q0 < qc1 (critical point) a mixed dependence of the pseudogap, ∆ ∝ | ε| , | ε| 2, gives rise to a phase presenting spin-degenerates BICs; (ii) near to q0 = qc1, we find a pseudogap ∆ ∝ | ε| 2 , where the system is drives to a quantum phase transition exhibiting magnetics BICS, and (iii) for the second critical point (q0 > qc2) the cubic dependence of the pseudogap in energy recover the spin degeneracy, thus restoring the non-magnetic BICs phase. In such geometry, we also verify that the local coupling does not allow the BICs formation. At last, we show that a graphene sheet hosting a pair of impurities can present ferroic and multiferroic phases by controling the slope of the Dirac cones. The transition to the ferroic phase occurs gradatively, while the anomalous multiferroic phase emerges abruptaly by means a quantum phase transition.
4

Criptografia de qubits de férmions de Majorana por meio de estados ligados no contínuo / Encrypting Majorana fermions-qubits as bound states in the continuum

Pereira, Geovane Módena 01 December 2017 (has links)
Submitted by GEOVANE MODENA PEREIRA null (geovanemodena@hotmail.com) on 2018-02-10T03:04:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Geovane - Criptografia de Qubits de Férmions de Majorana por meio de Estados Ligados no Contínuo.pdf: 7524654 bytes, checksum: 0bd9409e8fa9c0c2da9190e44f4cfa33 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Santulo Custódio de Medeiros null (asantulo@rc.unesp.br) on 2018-02-14T16:11:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_gm_me_rcla.pdf: 7420427 bytes, checksum: 0a0aec5beec2ecdd26883e0f4524844f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-14T16:11:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_gm_me_rcla.pdf: 7420427 bytes, checksum: 0a0aec5beec2ecdd26883e0f4524844f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-01 / Nós investigamos teoricamente uma cadeia topológica de Kitaev conectada a dois pontos quânticos (QDs) hibridizados a terminais metálicos. Neste sistema, observamos o surgimento de dois fenômenos marcantes: (i) uma decriptografia do Férmion de Majorana (MF), que é detectado por meio de medições de condutância devido ao estado de vazamento assimétrico do qubit de MFs nos QDs; (ii) criptografia desse qubit em ambos os QDs quando o vazamento é simétrico. Em tal regime, temos portanto a criptografia proposta, uma vez que o qubit de MFs separa-se nos QDs como estados ligados no contínuo (BICs), os quais não são detectáveis em experimentos de condutância. / We theoretically investigate a topological Kitaev chain connected to a double quantum-dot (QD) setup hybridized with metallic leads. In this system, we observe the emergence of two striking phenomena: i) a decrypted Majorana Fermion (MF) - qubit recorded over a single QD, which is detectable by means of conductance measurements due to the asymmetrical MF-leaked state into the QDs; ii) an encrypted qubit recorded in both QDs when the leakage is symmetrical. In such a regime, we have a cryptography-like manifestation, since the MF-qubit becomes bound states in the continuum, which is not detectable in conductance experiments.

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