In its recent surge in popularity, Kate Raworth's Doughnut Economics has garnered significant attention and has been applied on a global, national, and local scale. However, its implementation within organizational settings has yet to be adopted, despite evident interest. This paper delves into the potential application of the Doughnut Model (DM) within an enterprise context, examining both its strengths and limitations stemming from its core structure and principles, as well as the complexities of enterprise environments. By conducting interviews with Länsförsäkringar and another insurance company, this paper seeks to interpret the advantages and limitations of integrating the DM into organizational frameworks. Qualitative research methods, including interviews with sustainability managers, asset managers, and business development managers, were employed to gather diverse insights from industry professionals. Additionally, interviews with professors were conducted to gain deeper insights into the model's structure and foundational principles. Through qualitative thematic analysis, various advantages and limitations were uncovered. Advantages primarily revolved around visual representation, business strategy, grasping sustainability, inclusiveness, business transparency, comparability, regulations, and awareness. Identified limitations brought into question certain aspects of DE. These limitations included critiques of its principle's negative stance on GDP growth, challenges to its Western-centric ideology, and its oversight of altruistic social behaviors. Furthermore, concerns were raised regarding its historical and perceptual context, which could potentially mislead due to its anthropocentric characteristics and compartmentalized framing. Moreover, challenges in applying the model to enterprises were identified, such as external pressures to comply with upcoming regulations, resource constraints, financial limitations, and the overarching imperative of ensuring the company's survival. The absence of software tools and clear instructions on measuring all indicators further complicates implementation, highlighting the need for additional research in this area. It is recommended that future studies focus on developing guidelines for firms to address all boundaries effectively, offering pragmatic approaches for integration in operations.

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Previous research has shown an increased use of IT amongst young people. This has made it problematic for parents to set boundaries for their children's use of IT. The aim for this study was to create a deeper understanding of how parents relate to boundaries of IT, and how they monitor their children's use of it. This study was a qualitative study through semi-structured interviews to enable to capture the parents' experiences. The results showed that parents have boundaries but that there is a gap between the occurrence of boundaries and causes for boundaries. The study showed that parents monitor their children's use of IT but it is unclear whether the methods they use actually give them sufficient insight and knowledge regarding their children use of IT.

This study examines anticipatory pharyngealisation (i.e., emphasis) in Libyan Arabic, across a hierarchy of prosodic boundary levels (syllable vs. word vs. phonological phrase vs. intonation phrase ‘IP’) in order to quantify the magnitude, and identify the planned domain of anticipatory pharyngealisation. The acoustic manifestation of pharyngealisation is lowering in the second formant (F2) in pharyngealised contexts compared to their plain cognates. To investigate speech production models of how pharyngealisation is anticipated in advance, F2 measurements were taken at onset, mid and offset points of both vowels (V) in a word-final VCV sequence, in the context [VbV # Emphatic trigger]. The strength of [#], a prosodic boundary, was varied syntactically to manipulate the presumed hierarchical strength of that boundary from zero (where the VbV and the trigger are in the same word) up to an intonational phrase boundary. We expect that the stronger the boundary, the greater the resistance to the spread of pharyngealisation. The duration of the final vowel (i.e., the pre-trigger vowel) was also measured to assess if pharyngealisation magnitude on it and on the first vowel is influenced by the temporal proximity to the emphatic trigger. Results show (1) that within word boundaries pharyngealisation effects are present on both vowels, and (2) there are effects of pharyngealisation on the final vowel, i.e. the pre-trigger across word and phrase boundaries, and (3) there is no evidence of pharyngealisation across an IP boundary. An examination of the pre-trigger vowel + pause duration suggests that the lack of coarticulatory effects on the final vowel, i.e., pre-trigger vowel, across an IP boundary may be due to the temporal distance from the trigger: all tokens in this condition had a pre-trigger pause. For word and phrase boundary conditions, F2 was higher the greater the temporal distance from the pharyngealised trigger. These results suggest that anticipatory pharyngealisation is qualitatively different within the word as compared to across word boundaries. More clearly, the magnitude of pharyngealisation is categorical within word boundaries, and gradient across prosodic boundaries higher than the word. These findings suggest that pharyngealisation within the word is phonological, whereas across word boundaries it is primarily a phonetic process, conditioned by the temporal proximity to the pharyngealised trigger. Results also show that the planned domain of [pharyngealisation] is the word. However, additional phonetic pharyngealisation effects can extend across word boundaries as a result of coarticulation.

published_or_final_version / Conservation / Master / Master of Science in Conservation

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The idea of the North, codified since the Old Testament as an empty space, also appears with this distinctive feature in the context of the northern border of New Spain. This notion of an empty space to the North presents a negative/positive signification that is homologous to the pair North/South. The process studied here involves the inversion that occurs on the northern border of New Spain. The study begins with the negative codification of the North expressed in the voyages of the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus, and follows its transmutation into its opposite in the optimistic hyperbole of Eusebio Francisco Kino. The processes of inversion in the systems of the fictionalization of the border territory to the north of New Spain are analyzed between these two extremes. The analysis begins with the naming of the first islands discovered by Columbus, where the analogical transportation of an East-West hierarchal system appears. Later in New Spain Hernan Cortes' foundation of Segura de la Frontera delimits a border zone to the south that carries the negative connotation of his failed journey to Honduras. There follows a process of inversion toward the North that is made concrete in the significant "California", the name given to an island of fabulous riches in Las Sergas de Esplandian. When the cortesian expression is later inverted in Cabeza de Vaca's Naufragios, the expression precipitates into a wholly fictitious character. This course continues later in Fr. Marcos de Niza with his journey to Cibola. Then in Gaspar de Villagra there is a movement from the profane to the sacred. Ultimately in Kino we find a utilitarian concept that annuls the previous mythical codes, thus determining a restructuring of the word. Within the tempo-spacial framework established in this dissertation, the process that appears in the texts is shown systematically, fulfilling the objective of this work, i.e., the study of the formation of the system of expression of the northern border from the sixteenth century to the beginning of the eighteenth.

The preparation of bicrystal specimens of high interfacial purity and accurately controlled mismatch of orientation between grains with a specific boundary orientation are critical for fundamental studies of the structure and properties of grain boundaries. A method was developed for routinely producing high-purity aluminum bicrystals of desired mismatch and boundary orientation. A strain annealing technique was used for making large single crystals. The orientation, structural perfection, and chemical purity of the seeds were characterized, then the seeds were joined by using an electron beam welder. The welder was designed and built as a major portion of this work.

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