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Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells As an Alternate Donor Cell Source for Transplantation in Tissue-Engineered Constructs After Traumatic Brain InjuryIrons, Hillary Rose 09 July 2007 (has links)
The incidence and long-term effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) make it a major
healthcare and socioeconomic concern. Cell transplantation may be an alternative
therapy option to target prolonged neurological deficits; however, safety and efficacy of
the cells must be determined. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
are an accessible and expandable cell source which circumvent the many of the
accessibility and ethical concerns associated with fetal tissues. A major impediment to
recent clinical trials for cell therapies in the central nervous system has been the lack of
consistency in functional recovery where some patients receive great benefits while
others experience little, if any, effect (Watts and Dunnett 2000; Lindvall and Bjorklund
2004). There are many possible explanations for this patient-to-patient variability
including genetic and environmental factors, surgical techniques, and donor cell
variability. Of these, the most easily addressable is to increase the reproducibility of
donor cells by standardizing the isolation and pre-transplantation protocols, which is the
central goal of this dissertation. First, we present an animal study in which transplants of
MSCs and neural stem cells (NSCs) were given to brain-injured mice, however, the
efficacy of the treatment had high variability between individual subjects. Second, we
designed a method to produce MSC-spheres and characterize them in vitro. Last, we
employed an in vitro 3-D culture testbed as a pre-transplant injury model to assess the
effects of the MSC-spheres on neural cells. The electrophysiological function of the
uninjured testbed was assessed, and then MSC-spheres were injected into the testbed
and apoptosis of the host cells were measured. The results of this study contribute to our
understanding of how extracellular context may influence MSC-spheres and develop
MSCs as a donor cell source for transplantation.
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CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF THE QUANTITATIVE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHCorradini, Paula L. 19 March 2014 (has links)
Clinical psychology is a discipline that assesses and treats individuals experiencing a variety of psychological disorders; including brain injuries. Employing neuroimaging tools can reveal biological correlates that have not been previously studied in detail. The quantitative electroencephalograph (QEEG) is a dynamic neuroimaging tool that allows for the measurement of brain activity. QEEG source localization analysis has provided additional construct validity for neuropsychological tests by revealing increased activation in the associated brain regions. In addition, differences in resting brain activity have been found depending on the severity of neuropsychological impairment. Finally, enhancement of memory in normal individuals is shown by applying a weak physiologically-patterned electromagnetic field over the left hemisphere. Therefore, by integrating the QEEG with elements of clinical psychology it is possible to provide construct validity to neuropsychological tests, show differences in brain activation depending on the severity of neuropsychological impairment, and study emerging therapeutic techniques that could enhance memory.
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Expressive Arts as a Social and Community Integration Tool for Adolescents with Acquired Brain InjuriesAgnihotri, Sabrina 14 December 2009 (has links)
Acquired brain injury (ABI) during adolescence presents even greater challenges to youth already facing complex issues in this transitory period. Studies have demonstrated that youth with ABI suffer from social and community withdrawal as a result of their injuries. However, a lack of research focusing on interventions designed to promote community integration has left the effectiveness of these programs difficult to assess. The current study aimed to collect pilot data about the effectiveness of an expressive arts-based therapeutic program in helping to improve community integration of these youth, as these therapies have been shown to be useful for individuals with similar cognitive and behavioural issues. Results over 2 stages of testing suggest that expressive arts therapy is a promising intervention strategy to help promote social and community integration skills. The findings also suggest that more research is needed to develop improved measures of community integration for adolescents with ABI.
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Expressive Arts as a Social and Community Integration Tool for Adolescents with Acquired Brain InjuriesAgnihotri, Sabrina 14 December 2009 (has links)
Acquired brain injury (ABI) during adolescence presents even greater challenges to youth already facing complex issues in this transitory period. Studies have demonstrated that youth with ABI suffer from social and community withdrawal as a result of their injuries. However, a lack of research focusing on interventions designed to promote community integration has left the effectiveness of these programs difficult to assess. The current study aimed to collect pilot data about the effectiveness of an expressive arts-based therapeutic program in helping to improve community integration of these youth, as these therapies have been shown to be useful for individuals with similar cognitive and behavioural issues. Results over 2 stages of testing suggest that expressive arts therapy is a promising intervention strategy to help promote social and community integration skills. The findings also suggest that more research is needed to develop improved measures of community integration for adolescents with ABI.
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Secondary insults in neurointensive care of patients with traumatic brain injury /Elf, Kristin, January 2005 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2005. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
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Mild head injury : relation to cognition, dementia, fatigue & genetics /Sundström, Anna, January 2006 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2006. / Härtill 3 uppsatser.
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Microglial migration following brain injury /Carbonell, Warren Shawn. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Virginia, 2005. / CD-ROM has .tiff and .mov files. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-132). Also available online through Digital Dissertations.
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A tale of two Stroops in traumatic brain injurySeignourel, Paul J. January 2003 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2003. / Title from title page of source document. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Pilot data on the behavior rating inventory of executive function (brief) and performance measures of executive function in pediatric traumatic brain injury (tbi)Benjamin, Michelle L. January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2004. / Typescript. Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 56 pages. Includes Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Intracranial pressure waveform analysis in traumatic brain injury : an approach to determining parameters capable of prediction decreased intracranial adaptive capacity /Fan, Jun-Yu, January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-111).
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