Orientador: Eliane Moura da Silva / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T00:42:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Almeida_AngelicaAparecidaSilvade_D.pdf: 1929139 bytes, checksum: 622f6314a90d4fe6ddaeb9d55b74252a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: história do Espiritismo e da Psiquiatria apresenta vários pontos de contato, mas este tem sido um tema pouco explorado pelos historiadores. No Brasil, particularmente, houve um acirrado, mas pouco investigado, confronto entre psiquiatras e espíritas na primeira metade do século XX em torno da "loucura espírita". o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o processo de construção da representação da mediunidade 'enquanto loucura, aqui definida como "loucura espírita", ou seja, como as experiências mediúnicas espíritas passaram a ser interpretadas pelos psiquiatras como causa e/ou manifestação de doenças mentais. Este estudo se concentrou no local e período onde este conflito foi mais intenso, ou seja, no sudeste brasileiro, entre 1900 e 1950 No Brasil da primeira metade do século XX, tanto a Psiquiatria como o Espiritismo estavam em busca de legitimação, de seu espaço cultural, científico e institucional dentro da sociedade brasileira. Estes dois atores sociais estavam ligados às classes urbanas intelectualizadas e defendiam diferentes visões e abordagens terapêuticas relacionadas à questão da mente e da loucura. Ambos disputavam um mesmo espaço no campo científico, cultural, social e institucional, buscando a afirmação da própria legitimidade. Este conflito se manifestou através de constantes embates entre psiquiatras e espíritas. Os médicos publicaram teses, artigos e livros no âmbito acadêmico sobre a "loucura espírita" e a necessidade de combatê-Ia através do controle governamental sobre os centros espíritas, proibição da divulgação do Espiritismo, combate ao charlatanismo supostamente praticado por médiuns, tratamento e internação dos médiuns, considerados graves doentes mentais. Os espíritas também publicaram livros, escreveram artigos em periódicos espíritas, produziram uma tese em medicina (que foi reprovada) e fundaram hospitais psiquiátricos espíritas. Os espíritas, além de negarem ser a mediunidade uma forma ou causa / Abstract: The history of spiritismand psychiatry share several common elements and intersections. However, historians have inadequately explored this subject. Particularlyin Brazil,there has been an intense, but littlestudied onflictbetween psychiatristsand spiritistsin regards to "SpiritistMadness"duringthe firsthalfof the twentiethcentury. This present study investigates the construction of the representation of mediumship as madness: the "Spiritist Madness". In other words, how spiritist mediumistic experiences became classified by psychiatrists as a cause andlor manifestation of mental disorders. This study focuses on the place and the time where this conflict was more severe, in the southeast of Brazil, between 1900 to In Brazil, during the first half of the twentieth century, both, psychiatry and spiritism were seeking legitimation, through cultural, scientific, and institutional means within Brazilian society. These two social actors were related to urban, . intellectualized classes, proposing different views and therapeutic approaches to the mind and madness. Both disputed the same space within scientific, cultural, social, and institutional fields, attempting to each establish their own legitimation. This conflictwas expressed through constant quarreJs between psychiatrists and spiritists. Physicians published academic theses, papers, and books about "spiritist madness" and the need to oppose it through governmental control of spiritist groups, forbidding spiritist publications, fighting against charlatanry allegedly practiced by mediums, and hospitalization of mediums, regarded as insane. On the other hand, spiritists also published books, wrote papers in spiritist periodicals, produced a thesis in medicine (that was reproved), and built spiritist psychiatric hospitais. Besides defending against mediumship as a sort of madness, spiritists defended spiritismand criticized psychiatry for its poor clinical effectiveness and for not taking into aecount possible spiritual causes of madness. This struggle was reported by the lay media, and a large number of articles aOOutthis subject were printed in large circulation newspapers. The resolutionof this conflictis related to the achievement of social integration and legitimationby both spiritismand psychiatry, although in differentfields. Psychiatryfound its placa basicallywithinmedicaland academic environments; on the other hand spiritism received its legitimationmainlywithinthe religious field. However, representations of mental disorders' in Braziliansociety have suffered influences from both groups. A large proportionof Brazilians seek spiritual treatments as a complementto psychiatrictherapies. Psychiatricand spiritist representations of mental disorders are ofien understood more as complementaryratherthan opposed. This symOOlicdispute between representations aOOutthe mind, madness and mediumshrp has had rts role rn the constitutron of psychiatry and spiritism as we understand presently in Brazi!.This conflict provided psychiatry with more social visibilityand institutional power to treat mental disorders, and also influenced the Brazilian spiritist movement through rts emphasis on the religrous aspects of charity and spiritual consolation / Doutorado / Historia Cultural / Doutor em História