No description available.

Thesis (MNursing (Advanced Practice))--University of South Australia, 1996

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Rhode Island, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-142).

No description available.

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--Central Connecticut State University, 2000. / Thesis advisor: Ruth Rollin. " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biological Science[s]." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-80).

No description available.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / O &#946;-citronelol à um Ãlcool monoterpÃnico de ocorrÃncia natural em vÃrios Ãleos essenciais como o Ãleo de citronela (obtido de Cymbopogon winterianus), de ampla utilizaÃÃo popular por suas propriedades repelentes de insetos. Recentemente, a esta molÃcula tem sido atribuÃdas outras propriedades que envolvem atividade antibacteriana, antifÃngica, antiespasmÃdica, hipotensora e vasorrelaxante. Sendo assim, objetivamos estudar suas possÃveis aÃÃes no comportamento motor do mÃsculo liso do sistema respiratÃrio de ratos Wistar. Os animais considerados nesse estudo foram divididos em 04 grupos: controle, sensibilizado, desafiado e tratado, em seguida, registros isomÃtricos, in vitro, foram obtidos a partir de anÃis isolados de traqueia. A inalaÃÃo de &#946;-citronelol (300 ÂM) preveniu a hiperreatividade traqueal mediante a adiÃÃo de K+ ou ACh em animais submetidos a um modelo de asma, no entanto, a adiÃÃo cumulativa de &#946;-citronelol (10 a 1000 ÂM), na cuba para ÃrgÃos isolados, nÃo produziu alteraÃÃo significativa das preparaÃÃes mantidas sob tÃnus basal. Em preparaÃÃes de traqueia mantidas contraÃdas, a adiÃÃo de &#946;-citronelol relaxou total e significativamente (p < 0,001; Two-Way ANOVA, seguido do teste Holm-Sidak) os anÃis de traqueia, com CI50 de 120,44 [73,29 - 197,91] ÂM para o K+ e 211,10 [114,13 â 390,46] ÂM para a ACh, e esse efeito nÃo foi alterado (p > 0,05; Teste de Mann-Whitney) apÃs o tratamento com Propranolol, L-NAME, TEA, Azul de Metileno, Ortovanadato de SÃdio, Capsazepina, Indometacina e A-967079. Em experimentos realizados com a remoÃÃo do Ca2+ e contendo EGTA, o &#946;-citronelol inibiu a contraÃÃo mediante a entrada de Ca2+ preferencialmente em canais VOC, mas em altas concentraÃÃes, pÃde atuar tambÃm nos canais ROC e SOC, esse efeito foi mais pronunciado (p < 0,001; Two-Way ANOVA, seguido do teste Holm-Sidak) na contraÃÃo promovida pela adiÃÃo de Ba2+, demonstrando uma maior especificidade em atuar nos canais de Ca2+ operados por voltagem do tipo L. O &#946;-citronelol tambÃm foi capaz de diminuir a contraÃÃo induzida pela estimulaÃÃo elÃtrica. Esses resultados demonstram que o &#946;-citronelol caracteriza-se como uma substÃncia antiespasmÃdica e miorrelaxante do mÃsculo liso respiratÃrio, e esse efeito està parcialmente relacionado à sua capacidade de reduzir principalmente o acoplamento eletromecÃnico. / The &#946;-citronellol is an alcoholic monoterpene of natural occurrence that is found in several essential oils, including the citronella oil (obtained from Cymbopogon winterianus). In general, it is widely used as insect repellent. Recently this molecule has been studied as antibacterial, antifungal, antispasmodic, hypotensive and vasorelaxant agent. We aimed to study the effects of &#946;-citronellol on smooth muscle contractility of rat airways. The animals were divided in four groups namely Control, Sensitized, Challenged and Treated. Isometric recordings were obtained from isolated preparations from tracheal tissues cut as rings. Inhalation of &#946;-citronellol (300 ÂM) before antigen (ovalbumin, OVA) challenge prevented development of tracheal hyperreactivity in response to K+ or ACh in tissues of OVA-sensitized animals. In vitro, the cumulative addition of &#946;-citronellol (10 to 1000 ÂM) did not change basal tone in tracheal smooth muscle preparations. In tracheal rings pre-contracted with K+ or acetylcholine (ACh), the addition of &#946;-citronellol fully relaxed (p < 0.001, Two-Way ANOVA, Holm-Sidak) tracheal rings with IC50 values of 120.44 [73.29 â 197.91] ÂM for K+ and 211.10 [114.13 - 390.46] ÂM for ACh. The relaxing effect of &#946;-citronellol was not altered (p > 0.05, Mann-Whitney test) after treatment with propranolol, N (G)-nitro-L- arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), tetraethylammonium (TEA), methylene blue, sodium orthovanadate, capsazepine, indomethacin and A-967079. Experiments performed in Ca2+ depleted medium containing EGTA revealed that low concentrations of &#946;-citronellol preferentially inhibited contractions induced by recruiting Ca2+ influx via voltage-operated channels (VOC), although at higher concentrations it could also inhibit either on contractions evocked with receptor-operated (ROC) or store-operated (SOC) pathways. Such effect was supported by the more pronounced inhibitory effects of &#946;-citronellol (p < 0.001, Two-Way ANOVA, Holm-Sidak) against contractions promoted in tracheal tissues maintained in Ba2+-containing medium. &#946;-Citronellol also decreased the contractions induced by electrical field stimulation. These results suggest that &#946;-citronellol has antispasmodic and myorelaxant properties on airway smooth muscle, which could be partly related to its ability in inhibiting the electromechanical coupling.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina Wilmington, 2009. / Title from PDF title page (February 16, 2010) Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-73)

Whereas first line therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) usually includes a short-acting bronchodilator, there are suggestions that these agents may increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias. In this thesis, we first assessed the risks associated with short-acting beta-agonists (SABA), long-acting beta-agonists (LABA), ipratropium bromide (IB), and methyl xanthines (MX) within a cohort of COPD patients using the health databases of Saskatchewan. In order to confirm these findings and to address some methodological issues we then replicated this analysis within a larger cohort of patients using the health databases of Quebec. / Our first study cohort consisted of 6,018 adults aged 55 and older, newly treated with bronchodilator medications. We found that new users of both IB and LABA increased the risk of arrhythmia (RR 2.39 [95% CI 1.42-4.05] and (RR 4.55 [95% CI 1.43-14.45] respectively). When the cohort was restricted by excluding subjects who had recently either been hospitalised or experienced an exacerbation, the elevated risk associated with the new use of IB persisted (RR 3.65 [95% CI 1.72-7.74]), an effect was detected with new use of MX (RR 5.17 [95% CI 1.38-19.30]), but there was insufficient power to detect an effect associated with the new use of LABA. / Due to both power issues and the limited availability of LABA within the Saskatchewan data, we replicated the analysis in a larger new-user cohort of 76,661 Quebec adults aged 67 and over. This study confirmed our earlier results, with an elevated risk of arrhythmia associated with the new use of both IB and LABA (RR 1.43 [95% CI 1.08-1.88]) and (RR 1.54 [95% CI 1.00-2.36]) respectively, as well as with new use of SABA (RR 1.28 [95% CI 1.02-1.61]). Finally, using marginal structural models, we demonstrated that both exacerbations of COPD as well as minor non-event arrhythmias were moderate time-dependent confounders within this setting. / In conclusion, we found that new use of bronchodilators in COPD, particularly IB and LABA, was associated with an increase in the risk of cardiac arrhythmias. We also demonstrated the method by which the time-dependent confounder status of specific model covariates may be evaluated.