Aesthetics were the main passion of early century landscape architects. A focus on the concern with ecology followed, while the late twentieth century landscape architecture developed towards a concentration on restoration and recovery and so focussed more on redeployment than replacement (Campbell 2006). Today, in the twenty-first century, mankind is overwhelmed with issues of global warming, exhausted natural resources, and disappearing ecologies. Landscape architects are focused on providing sustainable landscapes from which both humans and nature can benefit. Attempts to create parks or green spaces for people‟s enjoyment become joined movements to simultaneously restore ecosystems, produce food or energy, reclaiming damaged sites and designing these interventions to be entertaining and interesting to the surrounding communities. Furthermore, landscapes have become catalysts in assisting with urban densification and reducing urban sprawl in their attempts to be multi-functional, process- and environment- focused designs. At last a question remains: do these twenty-first century landscapes relate to the individual? Have these sustainable systems and processes become the new aesthetic? And do visitors to designed landscapes still have rich spatial experiences? This dissertation explores the questions stated above. Part One focuses on the countering of urban sprawl through a process-focused landscape design response on an urban and framework level, while Part Two investigates if this new contemporary notion aids designers to create spatially aesthetic landscapes. A theoretical study and experiential conceptual development strategies are followed to aid in form-generation. The design follows a hypothetical course that starts with process and system planning followed by spatial landscape explorations. This phenomenological investigation will be resolved up to a detailed sketch plan level. / Dissertation ML(Prof)--University of Pretoria, 2014 / Architecture / ML(Prof) / Unrestricted

Pastaruoju metu vis dažniau girdime skambią sąvoką – „tvarumas“. Tvarumas apibūdinamas kaip plėtrą, kuri tenkina dabartinius visuomenės poreikius, nemažindama ateities kartų galimybės tenkinti savuosius. Lietuvoje tvarus vystymasis žengia pirmuosius žingsnius. Taigi stebėdama šią situaciją savo darbo tyrimo objektais pasirinkau – tvarią urbanistiką, „rudojo lauko“ teritorijų plėtrą ir tvarius konversijos modelius šiuolaikiniuose miestuose. „Rudasis laukas“ - tai miesto teritorijoje esančios, kadaise urbanizuotos teritorijos, tačiau dabar apleistos ar net užterštos. Tvarios plėtros šalininkai skatina tokių teritorijų konversiją ir atgaivinimą. Kitaip tariant siūlo vystytis ir plėstis miesto ribose, o ne už jų. Tiriamasis magistrantūros studijų darbas papildo kūrybinį magistrantūros studijų projektą, taigi tiriamojo darbo tikslas - rasti Lietuvos sąlygoms optimalius tvarios kaimynystės kūrimo metodus ir modelius. Darbe apžvelgiamos bei įvertinamos tvarumu besiremiančios urbanistinės teorijos, nagrinėjami sėkmingi tvarios urbanistikos bei architektūros principais pagrįsti pavyzdžiai. Remiantis nagrinėjamomis teorijomis ir praktiniais pavyzdžiais suformuluojamos pagrindinės gairės, metodai ir priemonės tvarios kaimynystės kūrimui. / Lately, we often hear popular term - sustainability. Sustainability is defined as development that meets our needs today without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs of tomorrow. In Lithuania sustainable development is taking its first steps. By observing this situation I chose my research objects - sustainable urbanism, „brown field” sites and the development of sustainable models in modern cities. „Brown field“ - is an abandoned or even contaminated urban area. Sustainable Development supporters promotes the conversion and revitalization of such areas. In other words, they propose to develop and expand in the city limits and not outside them. Research work complements practice project. So main goal of the research work is to find the optimal conditions, methods and models for sustainable neighborhood development in Lithuania. Project provides an overview of sustainability supported urban theories and movements also successful sustainable design examples. After analysis of the considered theories and practical examples the final conclusions, guidelines, methods and tools for sustainable neighborhood development are presented.